Grushevsky, Mikhail Sergeevich
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Mikhail Sergeyevich Grushevsky
Ukrainian Mikhailo Sergiyovich Grushevsky
1st Chairman of the Central Rada of the Ukrainian People's Republic
March 7 (20), 1917 April 29, 1918 Predecessor: the position was established,
Vladimir Naumenko
as acting Chairman of the UCR Successor: the position has been canceled,
Pavel Skoropadsky
as the Hetman of Ukraine
Religion: Orthodoxy Birth: September 29, 1866(1866-09-29)
Holm, Lublin province, Kingdom of Poland, Russian Empire Lublin Voivodeship Death: November 24, 1934(1934-11-24) (68 years old)
Kislovodsk, North Caucasus Region, RSFSR, USSR Place of burial: Baykovo Cemetery Party: Ukrainian Party of Socialist Revolutionaries Education: Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv Academic degree: Academician of the USSR Academy of Sciences
Scientific activity Scientific sphere: history
Autograph:
Mikhail Sergeyevich Grushevsky on Wikimedia Commons
There are articles on Wikipedia about other people with this surname, see Grushevsky; Grushevsky, Mikhail.
Mikhail Sergeyevich Hrushevsky (Ukrainian: Mikhail Sergiyovich Hrushevsky; September 29, 1866, Kholm, Kingdom of Poland — November 24, 1934[1], Kislovodsk, USSR) was a Ukrainian historian, public and political figure, revolutionary.
One of the leaders of the Ukrainian national movement, Chairman of the Ukrainian Central Rada, professor of the Lviv University (1894-1914), member of the Czech Academy of Sciences, academician of the VUAN and the USSR Academy of Sciences, member of the NTSH.
The founder of the Ukrainian scientific historiography.[2]
Hrushevsky is best known as the author of The History of Ukraine of Russia — a ten volume monograph that became a fundamental work in the history of Ukrainian studies and led to acute scientific disputes.
He defended the thesis about the isolation of the Slavic population on the territory of present day Ukraine, starting from the middle of the I millennium AD.
Thus, Hrushevsky postulated the concept of inseparable ethno cultural development in the region, which, in his opinion, eventually led to the formation of a special ethnic group, different from other Eastern Slavs.
According to Hrushevsky's concept, Kievan Rus was considered as a form of Ukrainian statehood, that is, as "Ukraine Rus".
Based on this historiographical assumption, Hrushevsky, on the one hand, proclaimed the ethnogenetic difference between the Ukrainian and Russian peoples and the fundamental divergence of the vectors of their development, and on the other hand, postulated the state continuity of Ukrainians as a hegemon in relation to Kievan Rus[3].
Russian Russian state's policy of collecting Russian lands in the XV—XVII centuries was considered by Grushevsky as a purely negative phenomenon.
Hrushevsky's concept served as an important milestone in the history of Ukrainian separatism in the XX century.
Content
1 Biography 1.1 Galician period 1.2 Arrest and exile 1.3 1917-1918 1.4 1919-1934
2 The fate of the family 3 Criticism 3.1 From Russian figures 3.2 From Ukrainian figures
4 Memory 4.1 Images on money and stamps 4.2 Monuments 4.3 Film images
5 Notes 6 Works 6.1 Lifetime publications
7 About Grushevsky
Biography[edit / edit wiki text]
Hrushevsky's estate in Lviv, where he lived until 1914, now the Hrushevsky Museum
On his father's side, Mikhail Grushevsky raised his family to the Cossack family of the Grushevskys, mentioned in the Cossack registers since the XVII century, one branch of which later became persons of spiritual rank[4].
Mikhail Grushevsky was born in Holm, (now Chelm, Poland) in the family of Professor of Russian literature Sergei Fedorovich Grushevsky and Glafira Zakharovna Grushevskaya (nee Opokova), who came from a priest's family in Podolia.
At the time of Mikhail's birth, Sergey Fedorovich worked as a teacher of Russian language and literature at the Greek Catholic gymnasium in Kholm[5][6].
Sergey Grushevsky was the author of the textbook of the Church Slavonic language adopted by the Ministry of Education of the Russian Empire and repeatedly republished.
The copyright to this textbook brought the family, and later — to Mikhail Grushevsky himself, stable income, which allowed him to focus on historical research.
Mikhail Grushevsky spent his youth years in the Caucasus, where he studied at the Tiflis gymnasium.
In 1886-1890, he studied at the Historical and Philological Faculty of Kiev University.
For his student work "An essay on the history of the Kiev land from the death of Yaroslav to the end of the XIV century." he received a gold medal and was left at the university.
After graduating from the university, Hrushevsky published articles in "Kiev Antiquity", "Notes of the Shevchenko Scientific Society", published two volumes of materials in the "Archive of Southwestern Russia" (part VIII, vol.I and II).
The preface to these materials was Grushevsky's master's thesis, entitled "Lordly Old Age" (Kiev, 1894).
In 1894, he defended his master's thesis " Lordly Old Age.
Historical essays".
In his works, Grushevsky developed his own theory of the origin and development of the statehood of Kievan Rus and its people.
Galician period[edit / edit wiki text]
In 1894, the Department of General History was opened at the Lviv University (Austria Hungary) with a special review of the history of Eastern Europe, which was occupied by Hrushevsky.
In Lviv, Hrushevsky wrote and published his historical works "Viimki z jerel before the istorii of Ukrainian Russia" (1895), "Inventories of the Queens in the lands of the Rus of the XVI century" (1895-1903, in 4 volumes), "Rozvidki and materials before the istorii of Ukrainian Russia" (1896-1904, in 5 volumes) and began working on his main work the eight volume "History of Ukraine of Russia".
Gradually, Hrushevsky became the head of the entire scientific and cultural life of Galicia: since 1895 he has been working as the editor of the" Notes of the Shevchenko Scientific Society", and in 1897 he was elected chairman of this society.
He took a job in the society of the leaders of the national movement of Galicia Franco and Pavlik[7].
In 1899, Hrushevsky actively participated in the creation of the Ukrainian National Democratic Party in Galicia.
In 1906, Kharkiv University awarded Hrushevsky the degree of Honorary Doctor of Russian History.
In 1908, while continuing to be a professor at the Lviv University and chairman of the "Scientific Association", Hrushevsky put up his candidacy for a chair at Kiev University, but was refused.
Arrest and link[edit / edit wiki text]
On December 11, 1914, Hrushevsky was arrested in Kiev on charges of Austrophilism and involvement in the creation of a Legion of Ukrainian Sich Streltsy; after several months in prison, he was expelled by the decree of the chief chief of the Kiev military District to Simbirsk "for the time of the state of the localities from which he was expelled, under martial law."
On April 7, 1915, a transparent police supervision was established for M. S. Grushevsky by order of the Police Department of the Ministry of Internal Affairs.
8]
After a short stay in Simbirsk, with the help of Professor of the Imperial Petrograd University A. A. Shakhmatov, M. S. Grushevsky received permission to settle in Kazan.
On September 2, 1915, he left Simbirsk.
Together with M. S. Grushevsky, his wife M. S. Voyakovskaya and their daughter Ekaterina followed.
On September 4, 1915, upon arrival in Kazan, he signed a subscription to the Kazan police chief that he should not leave the city anywhere without the permission of the Kazan governor and, when changing apartments, declare this to both the police chief and the relevant district bailiffs.
In Kazan, M. S. Grushevsky first lived in rooms (hotel) "France", located in the city center on Voskresenskaya street (d. 33), and then in the Cloth settlement — on Bolshaya Street in the "Leontiev house" (d. 29, sq.7.).[8][9]
During his stay in Kazan, M. S. Grushevsky managed to convince representatives of the liberal intelligentsia who sympathized with him that local conditions jeopardize not only his scientific work, but also the life and life of his relatives.
For the transfer of M. S. Grushevsky from Kazan to Moscow, all six members of the State Council from the Imperial St. Petersburg Academy of Sciences and universities, D. D. Grimm, V. I. Vernadsky, M. M. Kovalevsky, I. H. Ozerov, A. A. Vasiliev and S. F. Oldenburg, petitioned the Minister of Internal Affairs A. N. Khvostov for the transfer of M. S. Grushevsky from Kazan to Moscow.
In accordance with the request of M. S. Grushevsky, the commander of the troops of the Moscow Military District allowed him to "move to the city of Moscow for residence".
On September 9, 1916, M. S. Grushevsky left Kazan for Moscow, where he lived until the February Revolution, after which he returned to Kiev.
8]
In exile, M. S. Grushevsky wrote, in particular, the historical drama "Khmelnitsky in Pereyaslavi" and "Yaroslav Osmomysl", the plot of which was an entry in the Ipatiev chronicle about the expulsion of Prince Yaroslav Osmomysl by the Galicians in 1173 for marrying the daughter of "smerda"with a living princess.
1917-1918 [edit / edit wiki text]
Mikhail Hrushevsky at a military parade in Kiev in the winter of 1917
After the February Revolution, on March 4 (17), 1917, the creation of the Central Rada was announced at a meeting of representatives of political, public, cultural and professional organizations in Kiev.
On March 7 (20), elections of its leadership were held.
Mikhail Grushevsky, who was serving exile in Moscow at that time, was elected Chairman of the UCR in absentia.
On March 14 (27), Mikhail Hrushevsky returned to Kiev from exile and personally headed the activities of the UCR.
Grushevsky, who had held liberal democratic views before the revolution, recognized that it was possible to force the national political process in the new environment of complete political and national freedom.
Having made the Ukrainian social Revolutionaries (with whom Hrushevsky became particularly close) and the Ukrainian Social Democrats his main support, he began to fulfill the cardinal political task of the movement — the formation of national statehood, initially in the form of national territorial autonomy of Ukraine in Russia, which was later supposed to be transformed into a treaty federation[10].
In early April 1917, the Founding Congress of the Ukrainian Party of Socialist Revolutionaries (UPSR) was held, one of the founders of which was Hrushevsky (together with N. Kovalevsky, P. Hristyuk, V. Golubovich, N. Shrag, N. Shapoval, etc.)
On April 6-8 (19-21), the All Ukrainian National Congress was held, 900 delegates of which elected 150 members of the Central Rada and the new presidium of the UCR.
M. S. Hrushevsky was re elected as the head (president) of the UCR.
In this capacity, he negotiated with the Provisional Government of Russia on granting Ukraine autonomy.
After the October armed uprising in Petrograd, the UCR on November 7 (20) proclaimed the Ukrainian People's Republic as part of a federal state.
On November 25, 1917, in the general elections, Hrushevsky was elected to the All Russian Constituent Assembly in the Kiev district No. 1 — Ukrainian Social Revolutionaries, Selyanskaya Spilka, Ukrainian Social Democrats[11].
After the Bolsheviks dispersed the Constituent Assembly (January 6 (18), 1918), the Central Rada declared the independence of the UPR.
In January 1918, the Kiev Bolsheviks raised an uprising, which was suppressed by the troops of the Central Rada.
On January 26 (February 8), 1918, the Red Army took Kiev.
The Central Rada ran.
On January 27 (February 9), 1918, representatives of the Central Rada signed a separate peace treaty with Germany and Austria Hungary, on the basis of which Ukraine was occupied by Austro German troops.
Under the leadership of Hrushevsky, the Constitution of the UPR was developed.
The founder of the historical myth that Hrushevsky was the "president of the UPR", which has a circulation in Ukrainian journalism and scientific literature, was Dmitry Doroshenko[12].
On April 29, 1918, the Central Rada was abolished as a result of a coup by Hetman P. P. Skoropadsky, supported by the occupation troops.
1919-1934[edit / edit wiki text]
At the end of March 1919, he left for Austria, founded the Ukrainian Sociological Institute in Vienna.
After several appeals by Hrushevsky to the Ukrainian Soviet government, in which he condemned his counter revolutionary activities, in 1924, VUTSIK allowed him to return to his homeland for scientific work in order to introduce theoretical foundations into the Ukrainization that was then being carried out in practice.
He was a professor of history at the Kiev State University, was elected an academician of the All Ukrainian Academy of Sciences, head of the historical and philological department.
He headed the VUAN archeographic commission, the purpose of which was to create a scientific description of publications printed on the territory of ethnographic Ukraine in the XVI—XVIII centuries.
In the late 1920s, a number of Marxist historians, in particular M. I. Yavorsky, criticized the works of Hrushevsky and his colleagues who were engaged in studies of the Ukrainian national movement of the second half of the XIX century and focused on the question of the repression of the tsarist authorities against Ukrainophiles.
Hrushevsky's opponents pointed out the underestimation of the social, class factor, criticized the "bourgeois limitations" of the leaders of the Ukrainian national movement and emphasized the importance of Russian Ukrainian revolutionary cooperation[13].
In 1929, Grushevsky was elected a full member of the USSR Academy of Sciences.
In 1931, Grushevsky was arrested, accused of "counter revolutionary activities".
He was accused of leading the anti Soviet Ukrainian National Center.
Also, the repression covered most of his students and employees who worked with him during the 1920s.
Almost all of them were repressed, and Grushevsky himself worked in Moscow after his release from arrest[2].
In 1934, he went to Kislovodsk for treatment, where he died suddenly after a simple surgical operation[2].
The fate of the family[edit / edit wiki text]
In the late 1930s, Grushevsky's works were banned in the USSR, many relatives (among them his daughter, also a well known historian) were repressed.
During the persecution of members of the Hrushevsky family, the testimony of his former student (and at the same time an informant of the NKVD, and later a Ukrainian collaborator) K. F. Shteppa was used.
Criticism[edit / edit wiki text]
From the side of Russian figures[edit / edit wiki text]
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The historical views of M. S. Grushevsky were perceived ambiguously both during his life and after his death, meeting rejection and condemnation in Russian historiography[14].
The beginning of the polemic with Grushevsky and his supporters can be traced in the Russian press since the 1905 revolution.
In 1905, a critical article and a book were published in Kharkov under the same title "The scientific work of Professor Hrushevsky:" Essays on the History of the Ukrainian People".
Their author, historian, writer, member of the Russian Historical Society N. M. Pavlov, condemned Hrushevsky's Ukrainocentrism and the rejection of important aspects of all Russian history that contradict his concept.
In 1907, the influential Kiev public figure and publicist B. M. Yuzefovich, having read the works of Grushevsky, wrote about him as a "learned liar", especially this was sharply reflected in connection with Grushevsky's attempt to take the place of professor of the Department of Russian History of the Kiev University of St. Petersburg.
Vladimir [15][16].
The Russian historian I. A. Linnichenko published in 1917 a pamphlet " The Little Russian question and the autonomy of Little Russia.
An open letter to Professor Grushevsky", in which he gave a critical analysis of the historical concept of M. S. Grushevsky and proposed a polemic to that.
However, M. S. Grushevsky did not accept the challenge[15].
A. E. Presnyakov subjected Hrushevsky's views to a detailed historiographical criticism[15].
During the civil war, A.V. Storozhenko was an irreconcilable critic of M. S. Hrushevsky's concept of Ukraine Russia, who considered his approach as an attempt to clothe the political tasks of Ukrainian separatism in a historical form.
From Storozhenko's point of view, Grushevsky's works are distinguished by a fierce hatred for Russia, for the very names: "Rus", "Russian", the cult of the revolution and an extraordinary sympathy for the foreign conquest of Russia.
Storozhenko considered the authorities of Austria Hungary to be the original customer of Hrushevsky's works during his activity as a professor at the Lviv University[15].
Among the Russian emigration of the first wave, one of the most prominent opponents of Grushevsky was Prince Alexander Volkonsky[15].
A critical work entitled "The Untold History of Ukraine of Russia", which plays off the title of the main work of M. S. Grushevsky, was published in New York by A. I. Dikiy.
Such historians as V. A. Myakotin and T. D. Florinsky also belonged to the critics of Grushevsky.
Russian Russian historian A. P. Ogloblin[15] and Russian historian P. M. Bicilli, who published an essay "The Problem of Russian — Ukrainian relations in the light of history", are among the moderate opponents who recognized the partial correctness of M. S. Hrushevsky.
From the side of Ukrainian figures[edit / edit wiki text]
Dmitry Dontsov, who was one of the founders of Ukrainian integral nationalism, in his Kiev diary " Rik 1918.
Kiev "spoke of Grushevsky as a" political Muscovite "and stated that ""father Grushevsky" with all his views and with his admiration for Russia, was a god and the flag of the entire Ukrainian democratic camp"[17].
One of his most irreconcilable opponents was the famous orientalist A. E. Krymsky[15].
Memory[edit / edit wiki text]
Historical and Memorial Museum of Mikhail Hrushevsky in Kiev.
In Lviv, on the territory of the estate where M. S. Grushevsky lived until 1914, today there is a museum named after him — "The State Memorial Museum of Mikhail Grushevsky".
In Lviv, Lutsk, Chervonograd and Kiev there are monuments to M. S. Grushevsky.
Mikhail Hrushevsky Street (Kiev) - until 1991, Kirov Street.
Mikhail Grushevsky Street (Odessa) Memorial plaque on the house No. 2/3, building 1 on Pogodinskaya Street in Moscow, where M. S. Grushevsky lived and worked.
A memorial plaque on the house No. 15 on the Kremlin Street of Kazan, where M. S. Grushevsky lived and worked in 1915 (installed on September 16, 2006).[8]
The Mikhail Grushevsky Museum in S. Sestrinovka of the Kazatinsky district of the Vinnytsia region..
Images on money and stamps[edit / edit wiki text]
The portrait of Mikhail Hrushevsky is depicted on banknotes of Ukraine with a nominal value of 50 hryvnia issued in 1996 and 2004 and on commemorative coins of 1996 and 2006.
Monuments[edit / edit wiki text]
The monument to Hrushevsky is installed in Kiev near the Institute of Philology.
Taras Shevchenko.[18]
The monument to Hrushevsky is installed in the Lviv Square.[19]
Film incarnations[edit / edit wiki text]
Year Country Title Director In the role of Notes 1957 USSR USSR "Pravda" Viktor Dobrovolsky
Isaac Shmaruk Sergey Petrov Film adaptation of the play by A. Korneychuk 1970 USSR USSR "Peace to huts — war to palaces" Isaac Shmaruk Alexander Guy Film Adaptation of the novel by Yu.
Smolich 1970 USSR USSR" The Kotsyubinsky Family " Timofey Levchuk Lavrenty Masokha
Notes[edit / edit wiki text]
Загад The riddle of the date of death of Mikhail Grushevsky | Istorichna pravda ↑ 1 2 3 I. V. Verba.
Grushevsky Mikhail Sergiyovich.
Encyclopedia of the History of Ukraine: Vol. 2: G D / Editor: V. A. Smoliy (head) ta in.
NAS of Ukraine.
Institute of History of Ukraine.
- K.: In vo "Naukova dumka", 2004 — - 688 p.: il.
Grushevsky M.
"The usual scheme of "Russian" history and the question of rational ordering of the history of Eastern Slavs" Ivan Kripyakevich.
Mikhailo Grushevsky.
Zhitya y diyalnist.
↑ Grushevsky School (Ukrainian) ↑ Grushevsky Sergiy Fedorovich (Ukrainian) Михаил Mikhail Hrushevsky — the first president of Ukraine?
1 2 3 4 Alekseev I. Scientific and political activity of M. S. Grushevsky in Kazan in 1915-1916: the problem of civilizational choice / / Russian people's line, 30.03.2015 Мель Melnichenko V. Mikhailo Grushevsky: "I settled in Moscow, Arbat 55".
- Moscow: Vidavnitsvo "OLMA PRESS", 2005.
- pp.
164-165.
д. Doctor of I. N. Mikhutina, I. V. Ukrainian Brest World.
The way of Russia's exit from the First World War and the anatomy of the conflict between the Council of People's Commissars of the RSFSR and the government of the Ukrainian Central Rada.
- Moscow: Europe, 2007.
- 288 p — - 1000 copies.
— ISBN 978-5-9739-0090-8.
Члены Members of the All Russian Constituent Assembly ↑ Doroshenko D. History of Ukraine.
1917-1923 pp.: Ukrainian Hetman power 1918 roku.
- Uzhgorod, 1930.
- p.
35. Мил Miller A. I.
The Ukrainian question in the policy of the authorities of the Russian Empire and in Russian public opinion in the second half of the 1850s early 1880s.
Abstract of the dissertation for the degree of Candidate of Historical Sciences.
- M., 2000 ↑ Grushevsky, Mikhail Sergeevich.
Brief biographical information.
Runivers.
↑ 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Bondarenko D. Ya.
Ukrainian national idea as a social utopia / / Philosophical century.
The almanac.
Vol. 13. The Russian utopia of the Enlightenment era and the traditions of world utopianism.
/ Editors T. V. Artemyeva, M. I. Mikeshin..
- St. Petersburg: St. Petersburg Center of History and day, 200.
- pp.
359-370 — - 430 p. Ю Yuzefovich B. M. Political letters.
K., 1908.
Part 3.
pp.
403-407 ↑ Dontsov D. Rik 1918.
Kiev//The overlay of the vidavnitstva "Homin of Ukraine".
Toronto, 1954-128 p.
My MyKiev / Monument to Mikhail Grushevsky.
www.mykiev.info.
Verified on March 30, 2016.
↑ TuristUA.com Monument To Mykhailo Hrushevsky, Lviv, Ukraine.
sightseen.turistua.com.
Verified on March 30, 2016.
Works[edit / edit wiki text]
History of Ukrainian literature(Istoria ukrainskoi litterati) History of Ukraine Rus '(Istoria Ukrainy Rus') An essay on the history of the Kievan land from the death of Yaroslav to the end of the XIV century on the website "Runivers"
Lifetime publications[edit / edit wiki text]
South Russian manor castles in the half of the XVIII century.
Kiev: Type.
Imp.
un.
of St. Vladimir, 1890.
Volyn question.
1097-1102, Kiev, 1891.
Barskoe starostvo, historical essays (XV XVIII centuries) - Kiev, 1894.
- 404 p.
Viimki z zherel to the istory of Ukraine Rus to the half of the XI century.
Lviv: nakl.
auth., 1895.
Zvenigorod Galitsky / / Zap.
NTSH, T. XXXI XXXII 1896.
Inventories of the Ratenskoye old town in 1500-1512 pp.
// Zap.
NTSH, T. XXVI, book.
VI 1898, pp.
1-40.
The funeral field in c. Czechs.
[S. L.], 1899.
Khmelnitsky i khmelnishchina.
Lviv, 1901.
Istoria Ukraini Rus.
Tt.
1-4.
Lviv, 1904-1907. (repeatedly reprinted)
More about the certificates of the book.
Lev Galitsky.
St. Petersburg.: Type.
Imp.
Academy of Sciences, 1905.
Z bizhucho khvili.
Kiev, 1906.
Ukrainism in Russia, its requests and needs.
St. Petersburg, 1906.
For Ukrainian maslak.
Kiev, 1907.
The movement of political and social Ukrainian thought in the XIX century.
St. Petersburg: Type.
t va "Public benefit", 1907.
The unity or disintegration of Russia.
St. Petersburg: Type.
t va "Public Benefit", 1907.
From the Polish Ukrainian relations of Galicia.
St. Petersburg: Type.
t va "Public benefit", 1907.
The Liberation of Russia and the Ukrainian question.
St. Petersburg: Type.
t va "Public Benefit", 1907.
Ukrainian question.
St. Petersburg: Type.
t va "Public benefit", 1907.
Volodimir Antonovich.
Kiev, 1909.
Bayda Vishnevetsky in poezii y istorii.
Kiev, 1909.
On the Ukrainian themes: on the new rik / / LNV, No. 45-1909, pp.
115-126.
Ukraine Weissrussland Litauen // Ukrainische Rundschau, № 2 — 1909.
An essay on the history of the Kievan land from the death of Yaroslav to the end of the XIV century.
Kiev Odessa, 1911.
An essay on the history of the Ukrainian people.
Kiev, 1911.
Cultural national collapse in Ukraine in the XVI XVII centuries.
Kiev, 1912.
The history of the Ukrainian Cossacks before the union with the Moscow state.
Tt.
1-2.
Kiev, 1913-1914.
Ein Ueberblick der Geschichte der Ukraine.
Wien: Verlag d.
Bundes zur Befreiung d.
Ukraina, 1914.
Translated into Ukrainian history.
Sofia: Union for the Liberation of Ukraine in Ukraine, 1914.
The Ukrainian people are still alive.
Tsargorod: incl.
To the Union of the Visvolennya of Ukraine, 1915.
Die ukrainische Frage in historischer Entwicklung.
Lemberg: Verlag d.
Bundes zur Befreiung d.
Ukraina, 1915.
(English version — The Historical evolution of the Ukrainian Problem.
London, 1915, translated by George Raffalovich).
Geschichte der Ukraine.
T.
1. Lemberg, 1916.
The studio of the economical history of Ukraine.
Kiev: Ukr.
Centre.
Rada, 1917.
I want autonomy and federation.
Kiev, 1917.
Khto so Ukrainian I chogo stink want.
Kiev, 1917.
Vsesvitnya istoriya in a short look.
Ch.
1-2.
Kiev, 1917.
Vilna Ukraina.
Kiev, 1917.
On the border of the new Ukraine.
Kiev, 1918.
About the old hours in Ukraine.
Kiev, 1918.
An illustrated history of Ukraine.
[S. l.], 1918. (repeatedly reprinted)
Z pochiniv ukrainskogo sotsialistichnogo ruhu.
Midday, 1922.
Khmilnichchina in roztsviti (1648-1650).
Kiev Midday, 1922.
Z istorii religiyno dumki na Ukrainy.
Lviv, 1925.
Autobiography.
Kiev, 1926.
About Grushevsky[edit / edit wiki text]
M. S. Grushevsky in Wikicitatnik M. S. Grushevsky in Wikitek M. S. Grushevsky on Wikimedia Commons
Gordienko D. S. Pratsi N. P. Kondakov in otsintsi M. S. Grushevsky / / Kondakov readings IV: antiquity Byzantium Ancient Russia.
- Belgorod, 2013.
Gordienko D. List of Igor Radin to Mikhail Grushevsky vid 12 zhovtnya 1905 p. // Sofia Kievska: Visantiya.
Russia.
Ukraine.
Vip.
III: zbirka naukovikh prats, prisvyachena 150 littu z day narodzhennya Yegor Kuzmich Rydin (1863-1908) / Vid.
ed. d. ist.
nauk, prof .
Yu.
A.,; uporyad.
d. S. Gordienko, V. V. Kornienko — - K., 2013.
Girich I. M. Grushevsky ta I. Franco: To istorii vzaimin / / Ukrainian istorichnyj zhurnal.
— 2006.
— № 5.
Girich I. B., Kirzhaev S. M.
Before the Istory of the All Ukrainian Academy of Sciences.
Mikhailo Hrushevsky i Agatangel Krimsky (Z drive "Osibno gadki akademika M. Hrushevsky to the protocol of the spilny zibranya UAN vid 17 zhovtnya 1927 rock") / / Ukrainian Archeographic shchorichnik / Institute of Ukrainian Archeography of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine.
- Vipusk 1.
Mavrin O. Volodimir Svyaty ta yogo doba in the otsintsi of Mikhail Grushevsky / / Sofia Kievska: Visantiya.
Russia.
Ukraine.
Zbirka of articles on poshanu, Doctor of Historical Sciences, prof.
N. M. Nikitenko / NAS of Ukraine : Int t ukrainskoi archeografii ta jereloznavstvo im.
M. S. Hrushevsky; Vid.
ed. d. ist.
nauk, prof., chl.
- cor.
NAS of Ukraine P. S. Sohan; uporyad.
D. Gordienko, V. Kornienko — - K., 2011.
- pp.
86-101.
M. Grushevsky (Literary encyclopedia) M. Grushevsky (krugosvet.ru) M. Grushevsky (Russian Biographical Dictionary) Profile of Mikhail Sergeyevich Grushevsky on the official website of the Russian Academy of Sciences R. Ya.
Pirig.
Problems of preparation of the scientific biography of Mikhail Grushevsky The collection of the main works of M. Grushevsky in the e library READING
Non Bolshevik leaders of Ukraine in 1917-1921
Head of State Mikhail Hrushevsky (Chairman of the Central Committee of the Ukrainian People's Republic from 1917 to 1918) * Pavel Skoropadsky (Hetman of Ukraine in 1918) * Vladimir Vinnichenko (Chairman of the Directory of the Ukrainian National Library from 1918 to 1919) * Simon Petlyura (Chairman of the Directory of the Ukrainian National Library from 1919 to 1926 (since 1920 in exile))
Heads of Government Vladimir Vinnichenko (Chairman of the State Duma of the Central Committee of the Ukrainian People's Republic in 1917; Chairman of the SNM of the Ukrainian People's Republic from 1917 to 1918) * Vsevolod Golubovich (Chairman of the SNM of the Ukrainian People's Republic in 1918) * Mykola Sakhno Ustimovich (Acting otaman of the Minister of Defense of the Ukrainian state in 1918) * Mykola Vasilenko (Acting otaman of the Minister of Defense of the Ukrainian state in 1918) * Fyodor Lizogub (Otaman Minister of the CM of the Ukrainian state in 1918 · * Sergey Gerbel (Otaman Minister of the CM of the Ukrainian state in 1918) * Vladimir Chekhov (Chairman of the SNM of the Ukrainian People's Republic from 1918 to 1919) * Serhiy Ostapenko (Chairman of the SNM of the Ukrainian People's Republic in 1919)
* Boris Martos (Chairman of the SNM of the Ukrainian National Assembly in 1919) · Isaak Mazepa (Chairman of the SNM of the Ukrainian National Assembly from 1919 to 1920) · Vyacheslav Prokopovich (Chairman of the SNM of the Ukrainian National Assembly in 1920 · * Andrey Livitsky (Chairman of the SNM of the Ukrainian National Assembly from 1920 to 1921) · Vyacheslav Prokopovich (Chairman of the SNM of the Ukrainian People's Republic in 1921)
Dictionaries and encyclopedias
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Source — "https://ru.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Grushevsky, Mikhail Sergeevich&oldid=83959140"
Categories: Those born on September 29, Those born in 1866, Persons alphabetically Born in Chelm, Those who died on November 24, Those who died in 1934, Those who died in Kislovodsk, Those who died at the Baykov Cemetery, Full members of the USSR Academy of Sciences, those who died of sepsis, Graduates of the Tiflis Gymnasiums of the Russian Empire, Graduates of the Law Faculty of Kiev University, Historians of Ukraine, Politicians of Ukraine, Members of the Ukrainian Central Rada, Ukrainian People's Republic, Rulers of Ukraine, Historians alphabetically, Full members of the All Russian Constituent Assembly, Teachers of the Lviv University, Civil War in Ukraine, Members of the Shevchenko Scientific Society, Members of the Kiev Society Members of the Kiev Society of the Chronicler Nestor Authors of the Encyclopedic Dictionary of Pomegranates
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