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Paul Cezanne
Paul Cezanne
19.01.1839 Aix en Provence - 22.10.1906 Aix en Provence
From the history of painting: Post Impressionism
Paintings by Paul Cezanne
[222 paintings]
Brief information:
In still lifes, landscapes, portraits, he sought to reveal, with the help of gradations of pure color, stable compositional constructions, the unchanging qualities of the object world, its plastic richness, the logic of structure, the greatness of nature and the organic unity of its forms ("The Banks of the Marne", 1888; "Peaches and Pears", 1888-90).
Biography of Paul Cezanne
Youth.
Years of training
He studied at the college in Aix together with E. Zola, with whom he was subsequently friends for a long time.
After completing his studies in 1858, he worked in the office of his father, a provincial financier, and at the same time attended the Municipal Drawing School.
In 1861, Cezanne went to Paris for the first time, failed the entrance exams to the School of Fine Arts.
After a short stay in his homeland and working in a bank, he returned to Paris again, attended the so called Academy of Suis (1862-65), where for a small fee it was possible to draw nudes.
He closely follows the artistic life, visits the famous Cafe Gerbois, where artists often gather.
Among the idols of our time are E. Delacroix and G. Courbet.
He copied paintings by old masters in the Louvre, mainly Veronese, Tintoretto, Caravaggio, Crespi.
Cezanne did not receive a special art education and was self taught, as he did not want to obey the dogmas of academic art.
Cezanne, Manet and the Impressionists
Through Zola, he gets acquainted with the artists E. Manet, as well as K. Pissarro, K. Monet, O. Renoir, etc., future representatives of impressionism.
He participated in the Impressionist exhibitions of 1874 and 1877, but did not share their attitude to fixing fleeting states of nature.
Like Manet, whose variations on the themes of his paintings he created ("Breakfast on the Grass", 1869-70, private collection, Paris; "New Olympia", Musee d'Orsay, Paris), Cezanne wanted to follow the traditions of the old masters, Poussin was his constant idol, and he even signed two decorative panels "Spring" and "Autumn" (1859-62, Petit Palais, Paris) with the name of Ingres.
Early period (1860)
The work of this period has a pronounced romantic character: scenes of violence ("Murder", 1867-70, Wildstein Gallery, New York), still lifes such as "vanity of vanities" ("Still life with a skull and a candlestick", 1865-67, private collection, Switzerland), erotic visions ("Orgy", 1864-68, private collection, Paris).
It is difficult to date Cezanne's works, since he rarely exhibited and did not put dates on the canvas himself.
Among the significant works of the early period — "Portrait of the father" (1867 (?), a private collection), quite large (198 · 118 cm).
Apparently, this portrait was supposed to prove to my father that the artist had finally established himself in choosing his profession.
In "The Girl at the Piano" (ca. 1869, the Hermitage), the artist's sister and mother are depicted, an empty chair should remind of his father.
In a modest provincial interior, romantic music by Wagner sounds, the cult of which is characteristic of France in the second half of the XIX century.
(another name of the picture is "Overture to Tannhauser").
At the turn of 1860-70, the theme of "bathers" and "bathers" begins, which will become important in the following decades.
Creativity of the 1870s
In the early 1870s Cezanne gets closer to Marie Hortense Fike, soon a son Paul is born (these are the future models of the artist).
The family lives in Pontoise and Auvers near the Oise River, where, in addition to Argenteuil, another "small capital of impressionism" is being formed; Pissarro and Guillaumin work here.
Under the influence of Pissarro, the artist begins to write sketches in the open air, masters the technique of fine brushstroke.
The most impressionistic painting of this period is "The Hanged Man's House" (1873, Musee d'Orsay, Paris).
Pissarro's lessons were also important because he paid great attention to the spatial organization of the landscape.
Cezanne wanted to construct the world, to convey its stable, enduring features; he was not interested in the dynamics of the environment and the variability of color in the atmosphere.
He called his creative principle, developed by him in the 2nd half of the 1870s, "embodiment", realization.
Spatial plans are of little interest to Cezanne, he pulls the entire image into a single picturesque field, so that individual perspective zones seem to flow into each other, merge.
Sometimes he uses techniques of reverse and spherical perspective.
Absolutely straight lines are rare in his paintings: they sometimes bend, then they are inclined.
Becoming more and more interested in watercolor painting, he transfers its individual techniques into the technique of oil painting, writes on white, specially unpainted canvases, the colorful layer becomes more and more lightweight, as if glowing from the inside.
Cezanne's paints are gradations (according to him, modulations) of the three main colors (green, blue and ochre) and, of course, white.
The modeling of forms becomes more concise, constructively generalized.
Self portraits and still lifes
In the 1870s, a series of self portraits began.
From the "Self portrait in a cap" (ca. 1874, the Hermitage) with its somewhat "wildness" and "Japanization" of the image of the eyes, he proceeds to create generalized images ("Self Portrait", ca.1880, private collection, Winterthur).
In the still life "Vase with fruit" (1878, private collection, Paris), the viewer sees the vase as if in profile and at the same time somewhat from above.
Combining different points of view on an object when depicting it is a favorite technique of Cezanne.
Unlike the impressionists, who liked to depict walks and picnics in nature, Cezanne never sees people in the landscapes; his numerous landscapes, executed in Pontoise, are deserted; moreover, life does not seem to be implied in the yellow ochre crystals of the houses; these are some sarcophagi of the spirit among the lush southern vegetation.
Nature acts by itself as a powerful and full of hidden energy force.
It is characteristic that at this time Cezanne began to be interested in geology.
A frequent motif of his landscapes has been since the 1880s Mount Saint Victoire, visible from the windows and from the terrace of his studio in the suburbs of Aix, where the artist lived until the end of his life, receiving the nickname "the hermit of Aix".
At the turn of 1880-90.
Cezanne is increasingly interested in the so called figure genres.
The composition "Pierrot and Harlequin" (1888, the Museum of Fine Arts, Moscow) is dedicated to the "Mardi Gras" holiday — the last day of the carnival before Lent.
Five versions of the composition "Card Players" (1890-92, possibly 1890-96) are inspired by a painting by Caravaggio on the same theme from a local museum.
In the middle of 1890.
Cezanne begins to work on portraits ("Portrait of A. Vollard", 1899, Petit Palais, Paris; "Portrait of G. Geffroy", 1895, Musee d'Orsay, Paris), which required numerous sessions (sometimes up to a hundred) and still remained unfinished.
Many canvases of the late Cezanne remained unfinished, including his final composition "The Big Bathers" (1898-1905, the Museum of Art, Philadelphia), designed to complete a large cycle and rhythmically strictly verified.
Cezanne painted his nudes by imagination, his figures are often deformed, expressive, put in far fetched poses and groups.
Fame comes to Cezanne at the end of his life.
A pilgrimage of artists, collectors and critics begins in Aix.
The influence of his art affected the work of P. Gauguin and the artists of the Nabi group, the Fauvists and Cubists, the Russian "Cezannists" from the Jack of Diamonds.
Cezanne was sometimes considered as an "artist for artists" and a representative of "pure painting", sometimes, on the contrary, as the creator of a kind of philosophical concept of the world and art.
Famous paintings by Paul Cezanne :
Still life with bread and eggs.
Cezanne 1865
The verdict of Paris.
Cezanne 1862-1864
Landscape in the Ile de France.
Cezanne Circa 1865
The Temptation of St. Antonia.
Cezanne 1867-1869
The artist at work.
Cezanne 1874-1875
Bacchanalia (Love struggle).
Cezanne 1875-1880
A girl with a doll.
Cezanne 1902-1904
Portrait of an elderly man.
Cezanne Circa 1865-1868
Landscape with a source.
Cezanne 1865-1867
Still life with drapery, a jug and a vase for fruit.
Cezanne 1893-1894
Still life with flowers in a vase.
Cezanne 1885-1888
Still life with a clock made of black marble.
Cezanne 1869-1871
Still life with a green vessel and a tin cauldron.
Cezanne 1867-1869
The house of the hanged man (under the Over).
Cezanne Circa 1873
Still life with apples and biscuits.
Cezanne Circa 1877
Still life with tulips in a vase.
Cezanne 1890-1892
Still life with pomegranate and pears.
Cezanne 1885-1890
Portrait of Ambroise Vollard.
Cezanne 1895
Still life with Cupid.
Cezanne Circa 1895
Bathers (Four bathers).
Cezanne 1877-1878
Still life with a jug and fruit on the table.
Cezanne 1893-1894
Mountains in Provence.
Cezanne 1886-1890
Portrait of Louis August Cezanne, the artist's father.
Cezanne 1866
The Girl at the piano (overture to Tannhauser).
Cezanne Circa 1866
Still life with a vase of apples.
Cezanne Circa 1878-1879
Still life with apples and a fruit dish.
Cezanne 1879-1882
View of mt.
Victoria from the Bellevue side.
Cezanne 1882-1885
Still life with apples and oranges.
Cezanne 1895-1900
Rocks in the forest of Fontainebleau.
Cezanne 1865-1868
Paul Alexis reads Zola aloud.
Cezanne 1869-1870
The landscape cut through by the roadbed.
Cezanne 1869-1871
The Temptation of St. Antonia.
Cezanne Circa 1877
Houses in Provence (houses near the Overpass).
Cezanne 1879-1882
Self portrait on a green background.
Cezanne 1880-1881
The sea in Annecy.
Cezanne 1896
A man in a straw hat (portrait of Boyer).
Cezanne 1870-1871
Landscape.
Cezanne Circa 1870
Papa Lacroix's house.
Cezanne 1873
Still life with a Delft vase with flowers.
Cezanne Circa 1874
Still life with seven apples.
Cezanne 1877-1878
Always feminine.
Cezanne Circa 1877
Still life with cherries and peaches.
Cezanne 1883-1887
Still life with a blue vase.
Cezanne 1889-1890
Still life with three skulls.
Cezanne Circa 1900
Still life with apples and peaches.
Cezanne Circa 1905
Big bathers.
Cezanne Circa 1906
Dovecote in Bellivue.
Cezanne Circa 1906
Melting snow in the Overpass.
Cezanne Circa 1870
Seine in Bercy.
Cezanne 1873-1875
A bather with his arms crossed.
Cezanne 1877-1878
Still life with an extended drawer.
Cezanne 1877-1879
Still life with a fruit dish.
Cezanne 1879-1880
Medan Castle.
Cezanne 1879-1881
Landscape with a viaduct (mt. Victoria).
Cezanne 1885-1887
Still life with a fruit basket.
Cezanne 1888-1890
The castle of the Maritime Department.
Cezanne 1888-1890
Forest plot.
Cezanne 1890-1892
Still life with a bottle and a basket of apples.
Cezanne 1890-1894
Still life with a geranium bush and fruit.
Cezanne 1890-1894
Still life with tulips and apples.
Cezanne 1890-1894
Still life with oranges.
Cezanne 1895-1900
Portrait of Ashil Amprer.
Cezanne Circa 1868
Portrait of Anthony Valabrek.
Cezanne 1869-1870
Breakfast in the fresh air.
Cezanne Circa 1869
View of Auvers sur Oise.
Fence.
Cezanne Circa 1873
Dr. Gachet's house.
Cezanne Circa 1873
An orchard in Pontoise.
Cezanne 1877
Still life with a soup bowl.
Cezanne Circa 1884
View of the bay in Marseille from the side of the Overpass.
Cezanne Circa 1885
Harlequin.
Cezanne 1888-1890
A bather.
Cezanne 1890-1894
A boy in a red vest.
Cezanne Circa 1890
Male portrait.
Cezanne Circa 1866
Three bathers.
Cezanne 1879-1882
The village behind the trees in the Ile de France.
Cezanne Circa 1879
View of the Estac and the Chateau de If (the sea in the vicinity of the Estac).
Cezanne 1883-1885
Mt. Victoria from the vicinity of Gardanna.
Cezanne 1886-1890
The coast in the Marne.
Cezanne 1888
On the banks of the Marne.
Cezanne 1888
Still life with flowers and fruits.
Cezanne 1890
A millstone.
Cezanne 1892-1894
Still life with a bottle of mint liqueur.
Cezanne 1893-1895
Still life with apples and cookies.
Cezanne Circa 1895
The lady in blue.
Cezanne Circa 1900-1904
Still life with a vase of flowers.
Cezanne 1902-1903
Portrait of the gardener Valle.
Cezanne 1902-1906
Preparation for burial (autopsy).
Cezanne 1869
The hermit's house in Pontoise.
Cezanne 1873-1874
Mountains in French Provence.
Cezanne 1878-1880
Medea (by Delacroix).
Cezanne 1879-1882
Tall trees in Ja de Buffan.
Cezanne 1885-1887
The guy in the red vest.
Cezanne 1888-1890
Still life with a sugar bowl.
Cezanne Circa 1888-1890
An old woman with a rosary.
Cezanne 1895-1896
Maria's Palace is on the way to the Black Castle.
Cezanne Circa 1895
The sea in Annecy.
Cezanne 1896
Pines and aqueduct (viaduct).
Cezanne 1897-1900
A sitting peasant.
Cezanne 1898-1900
A sharp turn on the road to Montgera.
Cezanne 1899
Bibemus quarry.
Cezanne Circa 1900
The river at the bridge of three springs.
Cezanne 1906
Portrait of Uncle Dominic in monastic vestments.
Cezanne Circa 1866
The sea is in the Overpass.
Cezanne 1883-1885
A woman with a coffee pot.
Cezanne 1890-1894
Self portrait with a palette.
Cezanne Circa 1890
Still life with eggplant.
Cezanne 1893-1894
Big bathers.
Cezanne 1894-1905
Portrait of Gustave Geffroy.
Cezanne 1895
Still life with a statuette.
Cezanne Circa 1895
A young Italian woman.
Cezanne 1896
Mt. Victoria from the Bibemus quarry.
Cezanne 1897
Still life with skulls.
Cezanne 1898-1900
The road at mt.
Victoria.
Cezanne 1898-1902
Portrait of the gardener Valle.
Cezanne 1906
Self portrait.
Cezanne 1879-1882
View of the Overpass through the pines.
Cezanne 1882-1883
Still life.
Cezanne 1883-1887
The road to Chantilly.
Cezanne 1888
Portrait of my son.
Cezanne 1888-1890
Still life with a pot of ginger.
Cezanne 1890-1893
A card player.
Cezanne 1892-1893
Still life.
Cezanne Circa 1895-1900
A peasant in a blue blouse.
Cezanne 1897
Mt. Victoria.
Cezanne 1904-1906
Jourdain's hut.
Cezanne 1906
Afternoon in Naples.
Cezanne 1876-1877
A fruit collector.
Cezanne 1876-1877
Still life.
Cezanne 1879
Self portrait in a white turban.
Cezanne 1881-1882
A house in Provence.
Cezanne 1882-1885
An overpass with red roofs.
Cezanne 1883-1885
Self portrait.
Cezanne 1883-1887
The viaduct.
Cezanne 1887
Carnival.
Cezanne 1888
Mt. Victoria.
Cezanne 1888-1890
The dovecote in Montbriand.
Cezanne 1888-1892
A house with cracks in the walls.
Cezanne 1892-1894
The black castle is behind the trees.
Cezanne 1895
Mt. Victoria and the Black Castle.
Cezanne 1904-1906
Scipio Africanus.
Cezanne Circa 1867
View of the Over.
Cezanne Circa 1874
Self portrait.
Cezanne 1875
Madame Cezanne in the red chair.
Cezanne 1877
Landscape in Ja de Buffan.
Cezanne 1878-1885
Portrait of Louis Guillaume.
Cezanne 1879-1880
Forest bridge.
Cezanne Circa 1880
View of the Gardanna.
Cezanne 1885-1886
Mt. Victoria.
Cezanne 1885-1887
Madame de Bouffant.
Cezanne 1885-1887
Gardanna.
Cezanne Circa 1886
A house with a red roof.
Cezanne 1887-1890
Still life with a jug and fruit.
Cezanne 1893-1894
Watchmaker.
Cezanne 1895-1900
Mt. Victoria.
Cezanne 1904-1906
Swimming.
Cezanne Circa 1870
A house and a tree.
Cezanne 1873-1874
In the forest of Fontainebleau.
Cezanne 1879-1882
The valley of the Oise.
Cezanne Circa 1880
The bather.
Cezanne 1885-1887
Chestnut trees and outbuildings in Ja de Buffan.
Cezanne Circa 1885
The bank of the Oise.
Cezanne 1888
The guy in the red vest.
Cezanne 1888-1890
Harlequin.
Cezanne 1889-1890
The guy in the red vest.
Cezanne 1890-1895
Madame Cezanne in the yellow chair.
Cezanne 1893-1895
A large pine tree against the background of red fields.
Cezanne Circa 1895
In the forest.
Cezanne 1898-1899
The road at mt.
Victoria.
Cezanne 1898-1902
The forest near the rock caves above the Black Castle.
Cezanne 1900-1904
Mt. Victoria.
Cezanne 1885-1887
Still life with a bottle and a basket of apples.
Cezanne 1890-1894
Still life with a bottle of rum.
Cezanne Circa 1890
Two card players.
Cezanne 1892-1893
Rocks in the forest of Fontainebleau.
Cezanne 1894-1898
Bibemus quarry.
Cezanne 1898-1900
Dessert.
Cezanne 1873-1877
Street (Wall).
Cezanne 1875-1876
Self portrait.
Cezanne 1875-1877
Self portrait on a pink background.
Cezanne Circa 1875
Turn of the road.
Cezanne 1879-1882
View of the Overpass (in the vicinity of Marseille).
Cezanne 1882-1883
Portrait of Madame Cezanne.
Cezanne 1883-1887
Portrait of Madame Cezanne.
Cezanne Circa 1885
Madame Cezanne.
Cezanne 1891-1892
A man with a pipe.
Cezanne Circa 1892
Self portrait.
Cezanne Circa 1895
Still life with a bow.
Cezanne 1896-1898
Buffet.
Cezanne Circa 1873-1877
Portrait of Madame Cezanne.
Cezanne 1881
The neighborhood of Gardanna.
Cezanne 1886-1890
Still life with apples.
Cezanne 1893-1894
Still life with a bottle and a bow.
Cezanne 1895-1900
The black castle.
Cezanne 1900-1904
Mt. Victoria.
Cezanne 1904
Olympia.
Cezanne 1873
Pond in Ja de Buffan in winter.
Cezanne Circa 1878
Poplars.
Cezanne 1879-1882
Swimming.
Cezanne 1892-1894
A large pine tree.
Cezanne 1892-1896
Self portrait in a beret.
Cezanne 1898-1900
Swimming.
Cezanne 1898-1905
Swimming.
Cezanne 1900-1905
A mill on the river.
Cezanne 1900-1906
Murder.
Cezanne About 1 eight hundred seventy
Portrait of Viktor Shoke.
Cezanne 1876-1877
A man with a pipe.
Cezanne 1890
A girl with a doll.
Cezanne Circa 1902
The black castle.
Cezanne 1904-1906
Portrait of Uncle Dominic.
Cezanne 1865-1867
Swimming.
Cezanne 1874-1875
Self portrait.
Cezanne 1878-1880
Swimming.
Cezanne Circa 1880
Self portrait.
Cezanne Circa 1895
Swimming.
Cezanne 1900-1905
A house in Provence.
Cezanne 1885-1886
Abduction.
Cezanne 1867
Swimming.
Cezanne 1876-1877
Swimming.
Cezanne 1879-1880
Landscape.
Cezanne 1879-1882
Chestnuts in Ja de Buffan.
Cezanne 1885-1887
Mt. Victoria.
Cezanne 1904-1906
Portrait of Victor Shoke sitting.
Cezanne Circa 1877
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