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12: 15, April 12, 2015 |
2547
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Cosmonaut Roman Romanenko: "I have been going to the dream of flying into space for 11 years"
On Cosmonautics Day, we will tell you about life on the ISS and experiments in weightlessness
Not so long ago, Russian cosmonaut Roman Romanenko came to Blagoveshchensk.
He met with schoolchildren and students, told about life and work in space and even agreed to take a selfie with the guys.
About the ISS
— Now a large international space station — the ISS is flying around the earth.
It's really big — the size of a football field.
Inside it, residential premises and workplaces occupy an area of about 7-8 school buses.
There are six people permanently on the ISS.
Each new crew brings its own equipment, documents on new experiments.
Here we study a person under the influence of cosmic factors — weightlessness, vacuum — and look at how the body behaves in space.
And we also carry out a lot of scientific experiments that are aimed at understanding whether a particular material, plant can serve or grow in space, whether they can be used to fly to other planets.
The only main difference in space from terrestrial conditions is weightlessness.
There is no gravity of the Earth on the ISS, and we fly there like birds.
An astronaut, while flying in space, forgets how to walk.
And when he returns to Earth six months later, having completed the space program, he is taught to walk again.
Initially, the international space Station was supposed to operate until 2020, but it has already been decided to extend its operation for five years.
According to the technical expertise carried out by the astronauts, having studied the surface of the station, it was concluded that it could last longer.
In the future, we plan to build our own, Russian station.
About space everyday life
— The speed of rotation of the ISS around the Earth is about eight kilometers per second.
On average, we fly at an altitude of 400 kilometers above the Earth.
The station makes about 16 revolutions around the Earth per day.
So we have sunrises and sunsets 16 times a day.
16 times alternately day and night.
Of course, it's unusual for beginners at first, but then you get used to it.
The cosmonaut lives according to the schedule.
Wake up at 8 am.
The day before, we study what we will do the next day, prepare the equipment.
The station is very large.
All the equipment is hidden behind the panels.
The equipment does not stand on tables, because in zero gravity everything immediately flies apart.
The main task of the astronauts is to put everything in the right place, close it, fix the equipment.
Finding the necessary devices can be difficult.
We study the database in advance to find out where everything is.
Then we scan the panels with a special device — so you can find out what lies behind each door.
And then, just before the experiment, we get the necessary equipment.
About experiments
— On average, the experiment lasts from 30 minutes to 8 hours.
There are experiments that last the entire flight.
We fly to the ISS with seeds from Earth and grow various crops in space.
They planted bananas, oranges, and barley.
We even have our own greenhouse, and cameras constantly record all the growth processes.
However, what has grown, we can not even try.
All plants are sent to Earth for study.
We freeze the grown fruits in cryogenic refrigerators.
The temperature inside it is minus 187 degrees.
You need to be able to work with them, otherwise you can get serious burns.
About health
Perhaps the most terrible thing for astronauts is when we take each other's blood for analysis once every two weeks.
Then we freeze all this and lower it to the Ground.
Scientists look at what happens to the body, to the blood, how the cosmonaut feels.
And they make a decision — can he continue the flight program or should he go down to Earth if his condition worsens.
We arrive in space sterile.
Two weeks before the flight, we stop contacting everyone on the Ground.
All communication is only through glass.
There are special rooms on Baikonur where we communicate through glass with journalists, guests who come to the start.
All the time that it takes to prepare for the flight, we are accompanied by doctors.
At the same time, these two weeks you can not shake hands with anyone, you can not hug.
This is done in order not to bring the virus into space.
After all, there is a closed space on the ISS.
If a virus gets to the station, everyone will get sick.
This means that the program execution will be delayed.
One day, Americans flew to us and brought the flu to the station.
We all got sick and did nothing for four days, just treated.
About understudies
Each of us has understudies — the second crew, which is being prepared in parallel with the main one.
In two and a half years, the main crew and the backup crew are appointed, and we begin to prepare for the flight in the same way.
And two days before the start, the State Commission determines which crew is flying.
Then the second crew, which remains on the Ground, waits for its flight for another six months.
The most difficult thing in the work of an astronaut is to prepare for the flight, pass a huge number of exams, know English well, have excellent physical training.
I wrote an application to the cosmonautics squad in 1997.
Before that, I was a military pilot.
He underwent various medical examinations for six months.
Then he was enlisted in the squad.
Then the application was written by 200 people.
Of these, 15 reached the star city, only 11 people got there.
For two years I went to school, studied general space sciences — astrophysics, navigation, space ballistics.
I made my first flight in 2009.
That is, only in the 11th year after submitting the application, I flew into space.
Until that time, I was constantly on alert in order to make a flight.
Three times I was part of the backup cast.
But I believe that if there is a dream, a goal, then 11 years is not the time for its fulfillment.
About the flight
When you fly into space, there is no fear.
You get into a rocket and first of all you try to convince yourself that this is not a simulator.
Because today we have such good simulators that completely simulate space flight, with the exception of weightlessness.
You sit down, you still donot believe yourself, you think that you are just in the simulator.
But after you reach weightlessness, you realize that you are in space.
It is very expensive when you realize that you have achieved what you dreamed of.
You fly up to the station — a snow white giant that glitters and shines in the rays of the sun.
And you realize that you have arrived at the place where you will live for the next six months.
You rejoice and admire this beauty.
Blagoveshchensk schoolchildren took a selfie with cosmonaut Roman Romanenko
Roman Yuryevich Romanenko is a Russian cosmonaut, colonel of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation, Hero of the Russian Federation.
He was born in the family of twice Hero of the Soviet Union cosmonaut Yuri Romanenko.
He graduated in 1988 from the Leningrad, now St. Petersburg Suvorov Military School, in 1992 he graduated from the Chernihiv Higher Military Aviation School of Pilots.
He served at the Yuri Gagarin Cosmonaut Training Center.
During his service, he mastered the L 39, Tu 134 aircraft, has a total flight time of about 800 hours.
He is qualified as a military pilot of the 3rd class.
He was part of the backup crews three times: ISS 9, ISS 11 and ISS 15.
Finally, in July 2008, he was appointed to the main crew of the 20th expedition to the ISS as the commander of the Soyuz TMA 15 spacecraft, on which he and the rest of the crew went to the ISS on May 27, 2009.
He returned to Earth on December 1, 2009.
The flight duration was 187 days, 20 hours, 40 minutes, 41 seconds.
On December 19, 2012, he flew into space for the second time as the commander of the Soyuz TMA 07M spacecraft.
Roman Romanenko is the third hereditary cosmonaut in the world (the first is Sergey Alexandrovich Volkov, the second is the space tourist Richard Garriot).
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