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The Egyptian goddess Bastet ( Bast) - the goddess with the head of a cat - The Egyptian pyramids forever!
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Bastet the cat goddess 29.12.2010 19:53
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Bast (Bastet) is the ancient Egyptian goddess of love, joy, fun and holidays.
A symbol of fertility, female beauty and grace.
She was depicted as a cat or a woman with a cat's head.
Until the 10th century BC, it was often depicted as a lioness.
Construction technology Who built the pyramid complexes
The attribute of the Bast was a stringed musical instrument the sistrum.
The Architects of the Pyramids The Art of Ancient Egypt
The goddess Bast in the form of a cat
Myths of the ancient Egyptians
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The cult center was the city of Bubastis (located in the Nile delta, now a small settlement of Tell Basta, see the map of Ancient Egypt).
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Evolution of the cult of the goddess Bastet The process of domestication of a wild cat took a long time, which can be observed from ancient Egyptian iconography.
Gradually, these animals are replacing the Egyptian mongooses (ichneumons), which are traditional for these scenes, as hunters of birds, rodents and snakes.
Having become pets, they constantly showed their usefulness, protecting the property and houses of the Egyptians from rodents and mice.
Therefore, they were seen as a manifestation of divine care for people.
In ancient Egypt, these animals were considered sacred animals as the personification of the goddess Bast (and a number of other goddesses) even the moisture on the cat's nose was considered holy.
This will not be surprising if we recall that the nose occupies a special place in the religious worldview of the ancient Egyptians – it is, in their opinion, an organ on which the life of the soul itself depends.
No wonder the Egyptians, with some unrest and dissatisfaction, first of all beat off the noses of the statues that depicted the persons they hated.
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01.01.2017
The Egyptian goddess Bastet ( Bast) - the goddess with the head of a cat - The Egyptian pyramids forever!
The heyday of the cult of the goddess Bast dates back to the reign of the XXII dynasty (Bubastids) and falls on the 10th 8th centuries BC.
The Libyan rulers did a lot to raise the worship of Bastet to a new level.
In Per Basta (Bubastis), which was the birthplace of these farans, a large temple was built in her honor.
It was during this period that Bastet turned from a local goddess into an influential deity.
In the era of the New Kingdom, the god Ra, who kills his sworn enemy – the huge snake Apop, takes on a cat's appearance.
And she herself became revered as the consort of the solar deity.
Their son was Maches - the lion headed cruel "god of slaughter" - the defender of Ra and Pharaoh.
The evolution of the cult of the "cat" goddess has led to the fact that the Egyptian goddess Bastet becomes a national deity, one of the most revered figures in the divine pantheon of the country of the pyramids and the pharaohs.
In honor of the goddess Bast, annual celebrations were held in ancient Egypt, accompanied by singing, dancing and fun.
Bastet is not the only goddess with a cat's head.
Other deities were depicted in the same guise.
Bast in Egypt was often identified with the goddess Mut, as well as with the goddesses Tefnut, Sekhmet and Hathor.
Since these divine personalities were revered as the Eye of Ra, Bast also acquired the functions of the solar eye.
In this hypostasis, she acted as the daughter of Ra.
The great historian of antiquity Herodotus wrote that if there was a fire in the house of an Egyptian, then people first of all saved their four legged pets, and not the rest of the property.
If the cat died, then according to tradition it was
The sun god Ra in the form of a cat cuts off the head of the snake Apop.
1480-1070 BC Metropolitan Museum of Art, USA
the owner had to shave off his eyebrows in mourning and bury
Mummies of cats.
Metropolitan Museum of Art
a mummified animal in a special cemetery in Bubastis (modern archaeologists have found thousands of mummified cats there, as well as ashes that were left, possibly from their cremation).
The Macedonian author Poluenus said that during the battle between the Persians and the Egyptians in 525 BC in the eastern part of the Nile Delta, the cunning king of the Persians Cambyses II ordered a lot of domestic animals, including cats, some of which were tied to shields, to be brought to the front of the battle formations of his army.
The Egyptians, a goddess with the head of a cat.
Bronze.
26th showing excessive caution, the Dynasty, 664-332 BC.
The Louvre, in order not to harm their sacred animals, lost the battle.
The Egyptian goddess Bast is a symbol of beauty and grace Now in the museums of the world there are amazing statuettes of cats in beauty and harmony, which are a vivid testimony to the wonderful art and talent of ancient Egyptian masters, as well as manifestations of the love and reverence that the ancient Egyptians felt for these sacred animals for them.
The Egyptian goddess Bastet is one of the most popular images in the iconography and sculpture of the ancient country.
Her images were symbols and amulets of fertility, prosperity, beauty and love, celebration and fun.
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The Egyptian goddess Bastet ( Bast) - the goddess with the head of a cat - The Egyptian pyramids forever!
A cat from the British Museum
Cat.
Bronze.
The 26th dynasty.
Liverpool Museum
The cat from the Louvre
Cat.
Bronze.
Ptolemaic period, ca .
400-30 BC Metropolitan Museum of Art
The canon, according to which her images were created, was finally formed during the rule of the Libyan dynasties in Egypt, originally from Bubastis.
In the form of an animal, it sits on its hind legs, the tail is stretched out and wraps around its legs on the right side.
When the Egyptian goddess Bast is depicted as a woman with a cat's head, she often holds a basket in her hand - her kittens are in it.
It was a clear image of fertility and motherhood for the ancient Egyptians.
Almost three thousand years have passed since then, but this image evokes similar feelings among modern people.
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