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The main spiritual development is the religion of the ancient Egyptian goddess Bastet.
The Egyptian cat goddess Bastet
The ancient Egyptian goddess Bastet.
The Egyptian cat goddess Bastet
Spiritual development Religion
Ab.
Sadykova Tatiana
May 6, 2014
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It will not be a novelty for anyone that the history of Ancient Egypt is very fascinating in its content.
A huge number of different gods and goddesses have always attracted the attention of curious people.
In this article, I want to tell you exactly who the goddess Bastet is, for whom she was the patroness and when people turned to her for help.
About the name First of all, it is necessary to make a first impression about this goddess.
So, at the very beginning, it is worth saying that Bast and Bastet are two names of the same deity, you can call it both this way and that.
By her nature, she is the daughter of darkness and light, this is the embodiment of femininity, wisdom and beauty.
The Egyptians reduced a certain belligerence and ferocity of this image, which appeared at first, to a more pleasant awareness of warmth, home, motherhood, protective forces and fertility.
According to various versions, the goddess Bastet was both the daughter of the god Ra (his Eye) and his wife.
You can also find information that Bast was the daughter of Isis and Osiris.
According to other sources, Bastet's husband could be the god Bes the patron saint of the elderly and children, bringing good luck and joy.
It is also important to say that the incarnation of the union of the gods Ra and Bastet was the god Mahes – the fierce god of war and the boer, who was depicted with a lion's head (it was crowned with two Egyptian crowns).
Image
It is also very interesting how the goddess Bastet was depicted.
This is a woman either in the form of a cat, or with a cat's head.
However, in Ancient Egypt, there are no images of tamed, domestic cats.
They were depicted only as wild animals, for example, as the cat of Heliopolis.
And only in the II century AD, this animal was firmly reunited with people and domesticated.
From that hour, cats were universally revered, protected and loved.
After the death of these animals, they were embalmed, sometimes even deified.
It will also seem interesting that the cat is considered a sacred animal of the Sun god.
Cats were seen as his incarnation, and the eyes of these animals, according to the Egyptians, radiated sunlight.
So, who did the ancient Egyptian goddess Bastet protect, who did she bring good luck to, who could turn to her in case of certain problems?
So, there are a huge number of versions.
First of all, it is the patroness of all women, because she is a catwoman.
They came to her with various problems, including when the lady could not get pregnant.
This is the goddess of childbirth and fertility in all its manifestations.
Also, Bastet was considered a defender of the hearth, she brought fun, love and joy to the house.
The healers of those times also greatly revered this goddess.
They everywhere painted her image on the houses – in the form of a black cat, in order to protect the patient from death and for his faster recovery.
But, despite all the above, the goddess Bastet also has her own dark side.
After all, she is the daughter of darkness, and sometimes she was depicted with a lion's head, glaring angrily ahead, and had a middle name Pasht, the goddess Bastet Pasht.
About beauty As at all times, women were looking for ways to preserve their youth.
And in this they were perfectly helped by the goddess of Egypt Bastet.
The priests created a certain number of exercises for women, which, in their opinion, were supposed to stop the fading of the lady's beauty.
During their execution, it was believed that a woman was possessed by the spirit of Bastet, who awakened her grace, plasticity and hidden powers of the spirit.
After these classes, the Egyptian women believed that they would remain attractive and young for a long time.
The cult of the goddess: the beginning When did the Egyptians begin to widely revere Bastet?
This happened back in ancient Egypt, when in most cases this deity was depicted with a lion's head (in the likeness of the goddess Sekhmet) and was considered the mother of the god of war and storm Mahes.
During the celebration of the day of the goddess, it was forbidden to hunt lions, because it was believed that on this day these animals become sacred, because they were possessed by the spirit of Bastet.
However, over time, her features became softer and softer, and her appearance became more delicate and feminine.
And over time, this goddess became the patroness of the hearth, women and childbirth, joy and fun.
The cult of the goddess: the flourishing of the particularly revered goddess of the cat Bastet began during the prosperity of the Middle Kingdom, when the ancient inhabitants of Egypt finally learned how to grow grain and thought of storing it for the future in order to avoid starvation.
It is not difficult to guess why at this time special attention was paid to the goddess Bastet.
This is because the main enemy of this grain is mice, and the goddess is a cat.
At the same time, this deity began to be associated with the wealth of the country and was widely revered.
The center of worship of the goddess was the city of Bubastis, which was located in Lower Egypt.
It was there that the largest and main temple of Bastet was built, which was surrounded by a large moor and decorated with beautiful bas reliefs.
In the middle was the largest statue of her, to which a huge number of pilgrims came daily, bringing small figurines of cats as a gift, hoping for her favor and kindness.
It is worth saying that a huge number of cats lived in this temple, and at its foot there was also a sacred cemetery of these animals.
Like the pharaohs, cats learned to mummify, they were placed in sarcophagi specially prepared for them and buried with all honors.
Today, the temple is destroyed, only ruins remain of it.
However, everyone who has visited Bubastis says that even from its wreckage there is strength and the former grandeur and beauty.
It is worth saying that Bastet, the goddess of ancient Egypt, was worshipped seven times a year.
At this time, a huge number of pilgrims gathered in the temple, who came to worship the goddess.
Various prayers were read, special songs were sung, and sacrifices were made.
The spring worship of this goddess is interesting.
So, at this time, her statue was taken out of the temple, placed in a large boat and rolled along the entire Nile River.
This was done primarily so that the goddess would protect the river from its disastrous flood for the Egyptians.
About cats, it is worth saying that the statuette of the goddess Bastet was necessarily in almost every house of the Egyptians.
She was considered a strong amulet and a defender of the hearth.
In addition, it was considered a good sign if a live cat lived in the family.
It is worth saying that she was the most important member of the family, sometimes even more important and more important than the child.
The cat was always fed before the owners sat down at the table, she slept in a specially designated place for her or even a room that was necessarily decorated.
Especially important was the event when the cat died.
It was a huge grief for the family.
She was mummified according to all the rules, buried with great honors, food was put in the sarcophagus so that the cat in the other world would not starve, and also the mouse, so that she would not be bored there.
For a long time after the death of the animal, the owners still mourned the loss, wearing mourning clothes.
It should also be said that killing a cat was considered a huge sin and was punishable by death by law.
It was also impossible to export cats outside the country, but traders did it everywhere, creating a certain ritual of honor from this (thanks to this, cats spread all over the world).
However, the love for these animals played a cruel joke with the Egyptians during the war with the Persians.
The fact is that the Persian king knew about this love of the Egyptians and ordered his soldiers to tie a cat to each shield.
The soldiers simply did not dare to shoot at the sacred animals, and were captured by the opponents without any problems.
The cult of the goddess: withering After the Roman power came to the country, the Egyptian goddess of the cat Bastet was worshipped less and less, and already in 390 her cult was completely banned by law.
Over time, interest and respect for this animal subsided, while cats were kept in homes simply as hunters of snakes and mice, which at that time were quite a lot.
However, the cats who got to Europe were even less lucky.
For their love of walking at night and glowing eyes in the dark, the Catholic Church declared them a product of the devil.
A particularly difficult fate befell the black cats, who were so revered in ancient Egypt, they were considered the assistants of witches and the receptacles of the souls of their deceased brothers.
Cats were killed, tortured, and mocked in every possible way.
However, as soon as the Renaissance came, these animals were finally left alone, and interest in them pretty much subsided.
Today, there is no negative attitude towards cats, but so far no one has deified them yet.
These animals, as before, live next to people, a huge number of different superstitions are associated with them, which people are still cautious of out of habit.
However, who knows, maybe the time will come again, and cats will be revered, as before, praising them on a certain pedestal.
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Elena 21-01-2016 - 18: 13
I have a live cat at home, I also named Nefertiti, she is the embodiment of Egyptian cats, especially when she sits down in half a turn, and it seems that the figure of a cat from the pyramid is sitting with me...
Bastet 13-11-2014 - 18:22
Beautifully and fascinatingly written.
I have such a statuette.
I brought it from Egypt.
I wanted to throw it away.
I will refrain.
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