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Subtleties of tourism Russia Sights of Russia Sights of Astrakhan Astrakhan Kremlin
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Astrakhan Kremlin Astrakhan Kremlin (Russia) - description, history, location.
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The main thing that is worth visiting for fans of architecture and history in Astrakhan is the Astrakhan Kremlin, a monument of federal significance, a unique example of military engineering art of the second half of the 16th century.
It is located on an island whose shores are washed by the waters of the Volga, Kutum, Tsarev and Erik Kazachy.
It is not difficult to get to the Kremlin: you need to get from the railway station by buses, the route of which includes the stops Lenin Square, Oktyabrskaya Square, or by taxi.
You will not be able to pass by the Kremlin.
Firstly, it is located on the highest hill of the island, called Hare Hill.
Secondly, on the territory of the Kremlin there is a high bell tower with the Prechistensky Gate, which can be seen from almost anywhere in the city.
Third, the territory is fenced with stone walls from 3 to 8 meters high.
Agree, a monumental structure.
The history of the Astrakhan Kremlin
The construction of the first wooden buildings of the Astrakhan Kremlin in 1558 was the beginning of the chronology of the new Astrakhan.
Already in 1562, there was one battle tower and a travel gate on the hill, but there was no high bell tower and stone walls yet.
The construction of the stone Kremlin was started in the reign of John IV the Terrible, and was completed already under his son Tsar Fyodor Ioannovich with the direct participation of Boris Godunov.
It was at the height of the Troubles due to constant military conflicts and civil strife that it became necessary to build a stone fortress for defense.
The tower began to become overgrown with buildings — the very first walls of the Kremlin were built from the bricks of the former Golden Horde capital.
Astrakhan Kremlin
Buildings on the territory of the Astrakhan Kremlin
The Astrakhan Kremlin originally had eight towers, of which three passageways and four deaf ones have been preserved to this day.
The thickness of the walls of the Kremlin towers reached 3-3.
5 m.
Prechistensky Gate and the Cathedral bell tower of the Astrakhan Kremlin
The eighty meter four tiered beautiful bell tower above the main travel gate of the Kremlin is visible to Astrakhan residents from almost anywhere in the city.
The gates over which it is installed — Prechistensky have connected the Kremlin with the White City since the XVII century.
The modern bell tower was erected in 1910, before it there were 4 more bell towers in the Kremlin.
In 1912, chimes were installed here.
The chimes strike every quarter of an hour, every hour and twice a day (at 12 and 18 o'clock) they play the melody of M. I. Glinka "Hail".
Bishop's Tower
The eastern corner blind tower — the Bishop's Tower is located to the left of the Prechistenskaya Cathedral bell tower.
It received its name after the establishment of the Astrakhan diocese in 1602, when a place was allocated for a Bishop's compound in the south eastern part of the Kremlin.
The current walls of the tower were erected during the reconstruction of the Kremlin in 1828.
Zhitnaya Tower
The southern deaf Zhitnaya Tower is one of the few that has been preserved since the construction of the Kremlin — a small one, protected on both sides by the lake and the buildings of the Zhitny Dvor, it has always been in the safest place of the structure.
It got its name from the "little fortress" adjacent to the southern wall of the Kremlin, called the Zhitny Dvor, that is, "the place where every necessary supply lies".
In addition to towers, gates and ancient walls, the Astrakhan Kremlin is rightfully proud of internal buildings mainly chapels and temples.
Crimean Tower
The Crimean Tower has always been the most powerful in strategic terms — the Crimean Highway led directly to it, from where the Crimeans raided (which is why the tower got its name).
Having repeatedly repelled raids, it was rebuilt more than once.
Red Gate Tower
The Red Gate Tower is the highest place of the Kremlin hillock in the northwestern wall, near the steep Volga coast.
It is the only one of all the towers of the Kremlin has a vaulted ceiling and is 12 granik, which was extremely convenient for circular defense.
There is evidence that the core from it flew at 200-300 m, shooting through two thirds of the Volga.
Stairs that lead to the tower did not exist in the old days — in its current form it was erected in 1958 according to the drawings of the 16th century.
The Red Gate received its name as "the best, elegant".
Water Gate
One of the manuscripts of the 17th century contained information that there is a brick hiding place with a lattice gate under the mountain between the Nikolsky and Red Gates.
During the reconstruction of 1970, a half filled passage was found in the fortress wall below the foundation of the soldiers ' infirmary just to the left of the Nikolskaya Gate Church — this was the so called Water Gate.
It was they who in the XVI—XVII centuries were considered the gates of life: during the siege, only through them it was possible to get to the bank of the Volga and collect water.
Above the latticed gates, a metal grating was installed on a drum: at an alarm signal, it was lowered, blocking the path of the enemy, and balls and bullets fell on him from the fortress walls.
Nikolsky gate.
The gate church in the name of St. St. Nicholas the Wonderworker
The Nikolsky Gate got its name from the Church of St. Nicholas.
St. Nicholas of Myra on the northern travel tower.
At the beginning of the 18th century.
The Nikolsky (Kremlin) gate met Peter I, but the current design of the gate and the gate temple was erected later, closer to the middle of the century.
The torture (Artillery) tower.
Zeleyny dvor
For a long time, the corner north eastern tower of the Kremlin remained nameless.
Adjacent to it was the Zeleyny Yard ("potion" in the old days was called gunpowder), where an ancient powder magazine, the same age as the Kremlin towers and walls, has been preserved to this day.
The tower itself was used as a dungeon for conducting judicial inquiries (torture) at the beginning of the 07 century, for which the tower got its name.
Assumption Cathedral
The main cathedral of the Kremlin is a fine example of Russian church architecture built in 1710.
From a distance, when the city itself seems to be still in the fog, the silhouette of the cathedral with sparkling domes is already clearly outlined.
The cathedral itself is two storied: the lower low tier is the tomb of the Astrakhan hierarchs, including the Holy Martyr Metropolitan Joseph of Astrakhan and the Georgian kings Vakhtang VI and Teimuraz II, the upper temple is clear and spacious, with two tiers of windows.
Trinity Cathedral.
St. Cyril's Chapel
The Trinity Monastery was the first to be built in the city, the main temple of which is dedicated to the life giving Trinity.
The stone temple on the site of the wooden one was erected in the early XVII century.
It consists of three churches on one subclass: Sretenskaya, Vvedenskaya and Troitskaya.
Next to the Trinity Cathedral is the Cyril Chapel, in which the first abbot of the Trinity Monastery, Cyril, was buried.
Astrakhan Kremlin as a museum and exhibition complex
The Astrakhan Kremlin Museum was opened in 1974.
Since the 1970s, the walls, towers and internal structures of the Kremlin were restored, and the complex itself was given the status of a nature reserve.
Today it is not only a monument to the Russian military fortress — there is a rich ethnographic museum (its main buildings are located in the former administration of the military commander of the fortress of the XIX century, the Artillery Tower and the "Red Gate").
Exhibitions have been opened: "The history of the formation of the city near the north eastern walls of the Kremlin", "The history of the Astrakhan garrison", "The history of corporal punishment in Russia" and other expositions.
There is also an opportunity to appreciate Astrakhan and the Volga in all its glory on the observation tower of the "Red Gate".
Despite the fact that most of the exhibitions of the Astrakhan Kremlin Museum and Exhibition Complex have a military theme, you should not miss the opportunity to learn part of the history of Ancient Russia.
The creation of the Astrakhan Kremlin is connected with the annexation of new territories to Russia, thanks to which our country received access to the Caspian Sea.
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Astrakhan region What to see: the picturesque and rich scaly delta of the Great Volga, the capital of the region — Astrakhan and its majestic Kremlin, as well as the unique natural resources of the Astrakhan region (caves, lakes, islands...)
Finally, you can spend a great day at the ostrich farm "Baba Frosya".
You may also be interested in Greece, Turkey, Abkhazia, Germany, Finland.
The most popular Russian cities and regions: The Golden Ring, Kazan, Moscow, St. Petersburg, Sochi.
Fishing in Astrakhan is also interesting
Popular excursions in Russia 2500 rubles for a group of 2 people or more.
Sochi Olympic Heritage Price on request by bus in Kazan with a visit to the Kremlin 2500 rubles for a group of up to 50 people.
Sightseeing tour of Tula
Astrakhan Kremlin: popular hotels near Grand Hotel Astrakhan From 3 000 rub.
Astrakhan Kuybysheva Street 69, liter B
Victoria Palas Hotel 2 850 rubles.
Astrakhan Krasnaya Naberezhnaya Ulitsa 3
ART Hotel 1 300 rubles.
Astrakhan Kirova Ulitsa 87A
Hotel Petr Iot 2 000 rub.
Astrakhan Prospekt Gubernatora A. Guzhvina 6
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