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/ Laser surgery / All the pros and cons of laser surgery: pros and cons of using lasers in medicine
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All the pros and cons of laser surgery: pros and cons of using lasers in medicine
The unique properties of laser radiation have made lasers indispensable in various fields of science, including medicine.
Lasers in medicine have opened up new opportunities in the treatment of many diseases.
Laser medicine can be divided into the main sections: laser diagnostics, laser therapy and laser surgery.
The content of the article: The history of the advent of lasers in medicine The pros and cons of using lasers in modern surgery What can laser surgery do today
The history of the advent of lasers in medicine — what properties of the laser caused the development of laser surgery
Research into the use of lasers in medicine began in the sixties of the last century.
At the same time, the first laser medical devices appeared: devices for blood irradiation.
The first work on the use of lasers in surgery in the USSR was carried out in 1965 at the Herzen Moscow State Medical Research Institute together with the Istok NPP.
In laser surgery, sufficiently powerful lasers are used that can strongly heat the biological tissue, which leads to its evaporation or cutting.
The use of lasers in medicine has made it possible to perform previously complex or completely impossible operations efficiently and with minimal invasiveness.
Features of interaction of a laser scalpel with biological tissues:
No direct contact of the instrument with the tissue, minimal risk of infection.
The coagulating effect of radiation allows you to get almost bloodless incisions, stop bleeding from bleeding wounds.
The sterilizing effect of radiation is a preventive means of infection of the surgical field and the development of postoperative complications.
The ability to control the parameters of laser radiation allows you to obtain the necessary effects when the radiation interacts with biological tissues.
Minimal impact on nearby tissues.
The use of a laser in surgery makes it possible to effectively perform a wide variety of surgical interventions in dentistry, urology, otorhinolaryngology, gynecology, neurosurgery, etc.
Pros and cons of using lasers in modern surgery
The main advantages of laser surgery:
A significant reduction in the time of the operation.
The absence of direct contact of the instrument with the tissues and, as a result, minimal tissue damage in the area of the operation.
Reduction of the postoperative period.
No bleeding or minimal bleeding during surgery.
Reducing the risk of postoperative scars and scarring.
The sterilizing effect of laser radiation allows you to observe the rules of asepsis.
Minimal risk of complications during the operation and in the postoperative period.
Disadvantages of laser technologies in surgery:
A small number of medical workers have received special training to work with lasers.
The purchase of laser equipment requires significant material costs and increases the cost of treatment.
The use of lasers poses a certain danger for medical workers, so they must strictly follow all precautions when working with laser equipment.
The effect of using lasers in some clinical cases may be temporary, and in the future it may be necessary to perform a second operation.
What laser surgery can do today – all aspects of laser application in surgery
Currently, laser treatment is used in all branches of medicine.
Laser technologies are most widely used in ophthalmology, dentistry, general, vascular and plastic surgery, urology, gynecology.
Lasers in dental surgery are used for the following operations: frenectomy, gingivectomy, removal of hoods in pericoronaritis, performing incisions when installing implants, and others.
The use of laser technologies in dentistry makes it possible to reduce the number of anesthetics used, avoid postoperative edema and complications, and speed up the healing time of postoperative wounds.
The appearance of the laser has radically changed the development of ophthalmology.
With the help of a laser scalpel, you can make ultra precise incisions up to a micron, which even a very experienced surgeon's hand is not able to do.
Currently, with the help of a laser, it is possible to successfully treat cataracts, glaucoma, retinal diseases, keratoplasty and many others.
Laser technologies allow us to successfully eliminate various vascular pathologies: venous and arteriovenous dysplasia, lymphangiomas, cavernous hemangiomas and others.
Thanks to lasers, the treatment of vascular diseases has become almost painless with a minimal risk of complications and a good cosmetic effect.
A laser scalpel is used for a large number of operations:
In the abdominal cavity (appendectomy, cholecystectomy, excision of adhesions, herniation, resection of parenchymal organs, etc.).
On the tracheobronchial tree (removal of tracheal and bronchial fistulas, recanalization of obturating tumors of the bronchi and trachea).
In otorhinolaryngology (correction of the nasal septum, adenectomy, removal of cicatricial stenoses of the external auditory canal, tympanotomy, removal of polyps, etc.).
In urology (removal of carcinomas, polyps, scrotal skin atheromas).
In gynecology (removal of cysts, polyps, tumors).
Lasers are also used in plastic surgery.
Almost all clinics engaged in performing such operations have laser equipment in their arsenal.
Performing incisions with a laser scalpel allows you to avoid swelling, bruising, reduce the risk of infection and the development of complications.
It is difficult to name a field of medicine where the properties of laser radiation have not found effective application.
The ongoing improvement of laser technologies, the training of an increasing number of medical workers to work with lasers, may lead in the near future to the predominance of laser surgery over traditional methods of surgical intervention.
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