The history of Russia briefly
The Revolution of 1905-1907
The reason for the first Russian revolution of 1905-1907 was the aggravation of the internal political situation.
Social tension was provoked by the remnants of serfdom, the preservation of landowners ' land ownership, the lack of freedoms, the agrarian overpopulation of the center, the national question, the rapid growth of capitalism, the unresolved peasant and worker issues.
The defeat in the Russian Japanese War of 1904-1905 and the economic crisis of 1900-1908 aggravated the situation.
In 1904, the liberals proposed to introduce a constitution in Russia, limiting the autocracy by convening a people's representation.
Nicholas 2 made a public statement of disagreement with the introduction of the constitution.
The impetus for the beginning of the revolutionary events was the strike of the workers of the Putilov plant in St. Petersburg.
The strikers put forward economic and political demands.
On January 9, 1905, a peaceful march to the Winter Palace was scheduled for the purpose of submitting a petition addressed to the tsar, which contained demands for democratic changes in Russia.
This date is associated with the first stage of the revolution.
The demonstrators, led by the priest G. Gapon, were met by troops, and fire was opened on the participants of the peaceful march.
Cavalry participated in the dispersal of the procession.
As a result, about a thousand people were killed and about 2 thousand were injured.
This day was called "Bloody Sunday".
The senseless and brutal massacre strengthened the revolutionary mood in the country.
In April 1905, the 3rd Congress of the left wing of the RSDLP was held in London.
Questions were resolved about the nature of the revolution, about the armed uprising, the provisional government, and the attitude towards the peasantry.
The right wing - the Mensheviks, who gathered at a separate conference, defined the revolution by its nature and driving forces as bourgeois.
The task was set to transfer power into the hands of the bourgeoisie and create a parliamentary republic.
The strike (general strike of textile workers) in Ivano Frankivsk, which began on May 12, 1905, lasted for more than two months and gathered 70 thousand participants.
Both economic and political demands were put forward; a Council of Authorized Deputies was created.
The workers ' demands were partially met.
On October 6, 1905, a strike began in Moscow on the Kazan Railway, which became All Russian on October 15.
The demands for democratic freedoms and an 8 hour working day have been put forward.
On October 17, Nicholas 2 signed a Manifesto that proclaimed political freedoms and promised freedom of elections to the State Duma.
Thus began the second stage of the revolution.
The period of the highest rise.
In June, the uprising began on the battleship of the Black Sea flotilla "Prince Potemkin Tavrichesky".
It was held under the slogan: "Down with the autocracy!".
However, this uprising was not supported by the crews of other ships of the squadron.
"Potemkin" was forced to go to the waters of Romania and surrender there.
In July 1905, on the instructions of Nicholas 2, a legislative body was established - the State Duma and a regulation on elections was developed.
Workers, women, military personnel, students and young people did not get the right to participate in the elections.
On November 11-16, there was an uprising of sailors in Sevastopol and on the cruiser Ochakov, led by Lieutenant P. P. Schmidt.
The uprising was suppressed, Schmidt and three sailors were shot, more than 300 people were convicted or exiled to penal servitude and settlements.
Under the influence of the Social Revolutionaries and liberals, the All Russian Peasant Union was organized in August 1905, advocating peaceful methods of struggle.
However, by the autumn, the members of the union announced their accession to the Russian revolution of 1905 - 1907.
The peasants demanded the division of the landlords ' lands.
On December 7, 1905, the Moscow City Council called for a political strike, which turned into an uprising led by the Bolsheviks.
The government has transferred troops from St. Petersburg.
The fighting took place on barricades, the last pockets of resistance were suppressed in the area of Krasnaya Presnya on December 19.
The organizers and participants of the uprising were arrested and convicted.
The same fate befell uprisings in other regions of Russia.
The reasons for the decline of the revolution (the third stage) were the brutal suppression of the uprising in Moscow and the people's belief that the Duma is able to solve its problems.
In April 1906, elections were held to the First Duma, as a result of which 2 parties entered it: constitutional Democrats and socialist revolutionaries who advocate the transfer of landowners ' lands to peasants and the state.
The Tsar was not satisfied with this Duma and in July 1906 it ceased to exist.
In the summer of the same year, the uprising of the sailors of Sveaborg and Kronstadt was suppressed.
On November 9, 1906, with the participation of Prime Minister Stolypin, a decree was created on the abolition of redemption payments for land.
In February 1907, the second Duma elections were held.
Subsequently, according to the tsar, its candidates turned out to be even more "revolutionary" than the previous ones, and he not only dissolved the Duma, but also created an electoral law reducing the number of deputies from among workers and peasants, having in fact committed a coup d'etat that put an end to the revolution.
The reasons for the defeat of the revolution include the lack of unity of goals between the actions of workers and peasants in organizational moments, the lack of a single political leader of the revolution, as well as the lack of assistance to the people from the army.
The first Russian Revolution of 1905 - 1907 is defined as bourgeois democratic, since the tasks of the revolution are the overthrow of the autocracy, the elimination of landowners ' land ownership, the destruction of the class system, the establishment of a democratic republic.
> Share your task with us!
DID IT HELP?
LIKE IT!
Like
Articles
1-10 century The formation of the Old Russian state Prince Rurik.
The vocation of the Varangians Prince Oleg the Prophetic Prince Igor Princess Olga Prince Svyatoslav Igorevich Prince Yaropolk Svyatoslavovich Prince Vladimir Svyatoslavich The Baptism of Russia The Eastern Slavs The struggle against nomads in Russia The Pechenegs the Khazars the Polovtsy the Drevlyans The Rurik Dynasty The political system of Ancient Russia Polyudye Paganism Veche in the Old Russian state Serfdom and the rent State in the 2nd half of the 10-11 centuries The Culture of Kievan Rus
the 11th century The struggle against nomads in Russia The political system of Ancient Russia The State in the 2nd half of the 10th 11th centuries Russia in the 11th century The Culture of Kievan Rus Prince Yaroslav the Wise "Russian Truth" by Yaroslav the Wise Feudal fragmentation of Russia Civil strife in Russia Lyubech Congress
The 12th century The struggle against nomads in Russia The political system of Ancient Russia The Feudal fragmentation of Russia Russia in the 12th century The Culture of Russia in the 12th century The Tale of Bygone years Prince Vladimir Monomakh Prince Mstislav Vladimirovich The Collapse of Kievan Rus Prince Yuri Dolgoruky Crusades.
The Second Crusade to Russia The Foundation of Moscow The Construction of the Kremlin Prince Andrey Bogolyubsky Vsevolod The Big Nest Igor Svyatoslavich.
Igor's campaign against the Polovtsians Prince Yuri Vsevolodovich Prince Yaroslav Vsevolodovich Russian Principalities and lands of the Mongol Tatars in Russia German Swedish expansion
13th century Feudal fragmentation of Russia Rus in the 13th century The Unification of Russian lands Mongol Tatars in Russia The Golden Horde Evpatiy Kolovrat Alexander Nevsky and the Battle of the Neva The Battle of the Kalka River The Ice Battle German Swedish expansion Prince Daniel Alexandrovich Kulikovskaya Battle
14th century Russia in the 14th century Prince Ivan Kalita The Rise of Moscow The Uprising in Tver Prince Dmitry Donskoy The First Stone Kremlin The Battle of Kulikovo The Burning of Moscow by Khan Tokhtamysh Prince Vasily 1 Dmitrievich Boyar Duma The Culture of Russia of the 2nd half of the 14-15 centuries
15th century Russia in the 15th century The Culture of Russia of the 2nd half of the 14th 15th centuries The Culture of Russia of the 15th century Prince Vasily 2 The Dark Prince of Ivan 3 The Sudebnik of Ivan 3 Afanasy Nikitin The Annexation of Novgorod to Moscow Standing on the Ugra River The Annexation of Tver to Moscow The Formation of the Russian state
16th century Culture of Russia 2nd half of the 14th 15th centuries Formation of the Russian state Russia in the 16th century Culture of Russia of the 16th century Reforms of the 16th century Foreign policy of Russia in the 16th century Socio economic development of Russia in the 16th century Prince Vasily 3 Elena Glinskaya Tsar Ivan 4 The Terrible Period of Boyar rule Andrey Kurbsky Sudebnik 1550 Zemsky Sobor Reform Policy of the Elected Rada Stoglav Cathedral (Stoglav) The capture of Kazan The Livonian War of 1558-1583 The first printed book by Ivan Fyodorov Oprichnin under Ivan the Terrible Malyuta Skuratov Ermak's Campaign in Siberia A Brief Biography of Fyodor 1 Ivanovich The Reign of Boris Godunov Tsarevich Dmitry Culture of Russia in the 17th century Russian Foreign Policy in the 17th century The Time of Troubles
The 17th century The reign of Boris Godunov The culture of Russia in the 17th century The socio economic development of Russia in the 17th century Popular movements in the 17th century The foreign policy of Russia in the 17th century The time of Troubles (smuta) The reign of False Dmitry 1 and 2 Tsar Vasily Shuisky The Polish Swedish intervention of the 17th century The peasant Uprising of Ivan Bolotnikov The Uprising of Minin and Pozharsky The Romanov Dynasty Tsar Mikhail Fedorovich Tsar Alexey Mikhailovich the Cathedral Code of 1649 The Church schism of the 17th century The Uprising of Stepan Razin Tsar Fyodor 3 Alekseevich Tsarevna Sophia Alekseevna Tsar Peter 1
18th century Russia in the first quarter of the 18th century The culture of Russia in the 2nd half of the 18th century The Foreign policy of Russia in the 2nd half of the 18th century The foreign policy of Russia in the 18th century The Northern War The Foundation of St. Petersburg The Battle of Poltava The Reforms of Peter 1.
Absolutism Table of ranks of Peter 1 The Era of Palace coups Empress Catherine 1 Tsar Peter 2 Alekseevich Empress Anna Ioannovna Russian Turkish Wars Tsar Ivan 6 Empress Elizabeth Petrovna The Seven Years ' War Tsar Peter 3 Empress Catherine 2 Emelyan Pugachev Emperor Paul 1 Campaigns of Alexander Suvorov Alexey Andreevich Arakcheev
1 half of the 19th century Emperor Paul 1 Russia at the beginning of the 19th century Russian culture of the 1st half of the 19th century Domestic policy of Russia in the first half of the 19th century Foreign policy at the beginning of the 19th century Foreign policy of Russia in the 19th century Foreign policy in 1826-1856 Domestic policy in 1815-1825 Social movement in 30-50 years of the 19th century Crisis of the feudal serf system Emperor Alexander 1 Mikhail Speransky Peasant Question Patriotic War of 1812 Partisan War The Battle of Borodino (Borodino) The Decembrist Uprising Emperor Nicholas 1 Socio economic development of Russia at the beginning of the 20th century Emperor Nicholas 2 The Russian Japanese War
2 half of the 19th century Culture of the second half of the 19th century Domestic policy of the 2nd quarter of the 19th century Foreign policy in the 60-70 years of the 19th century Socio political movement Socio economic development The Crimean war Emperor Alexander 2 Reforms of Alexander 2 Abolition of serfdom Financial reform Bourgeois reform Judicial reform Zemstvo reform Urban reform Military reform Emperor Alexander 3 Reforms of S. Yu.
Witte
Russian Russian Culture of the early 20th century Socio economic development of Russia at the beginning of the 20th century Russia's foreign policy at the beginning of the 20th century Russia's domestic policy in the 20th century Russia's foreign policy in the 20th century The Triple Alliance and the Entente Emperor Nicholas 2 The Russian Japanese War The Portsmouth World The First Russian Revolution Bloody Sunday Manifesto October 17 1905 Stolypin's Reforms 1 and 2 State Dumas 3 and 4 State Dumas World War I V. I. Lenin The Bolsheviks The February Revolution The Provisional Government The choice of ways of social development Kornilov Lavr Georgievich The growth of the revolutionary crisis The
October Revolution The Formation of the RSFSR The Establishment of Soviet power The Civil War The Conclusion of the Brest Peace War Communism Kerensky Alexander Fedorovich Kolchak Alexander Vasilyevich The New Economic Policy (NEP) of the USSR in general The Formation of the USSR Socio political life in the 20s Internal party struggle in the 20s of the 20th century
2 quarter of the 20th century Socio political life in the 30s Soviet culture in the 20s and 30s Foreign policy of the USSR in the 20s and 30s Stalin Joseph Vissarionovich Collectivization of the economy Industrialization of the country The Constitution of the USSR The Soviet Finnish War Adolf Hitler The Second World War The Anti Hitler Coalition On the Eve of the warriors The Barbarossa Plan The Great Patriotic War The Partisan War The Beginning of the warriors The German attack on the USSR in 1941 The Brest Fortress The Defense of Smolensk The Defense of Odessa The Defense of Sevastopol The Defense of Moscow The Blockade of Leningrad A radical change in the war The Battle of Stalingrad The Defense of the Caucasus The Battle of Kursk "Everything for the front, everything for victory!"
The defense of the Dnieper The defense of Kiev Fighting in 1942 Beria Lavrenty Pavlovich The Battle for Berlin The Leningrad affair The Liberation of Kiev Military actions of 1944-1945 Fighting behind enemy lines The development of the USSR in 1945-1953 The Cold War
3 quarter of the 20th century G. M. Malenkov Nikita Khrushchev 20th Congress of the CPSU and Khrushchev's report The Warsaw Pact Yuri Gagarin's Flight into space Leonid Brezhnev USSR economy in the mid 50s early 60s The period of stagnation in the USSR Kosygin and his reforms Political life in the 50s 60s Foreign policy in the mid 50s mid 60s Cultural development in the mid 50s 60s of the USSR 1960-1980 Foreign policy of the USSR 60-80s Cultural development in the era of stagnation
4 quarter of the 20th century Yu.
V. Andropov Gorbachev Mikhail Sergeevich Perestroika in the USSR The August Putsch.
GKCHP Foreign Policy of the USSR Boris Nikolaevich Yeltsin Formation of the CIS The collapse of the USSR The October Putsch Reforms of the late 20th century Russia in 1992-1996 Russia's policy in the Modern World
Miscellaneous Share the task with us
There are not enough themes!
Share your task!
© 2010-2015 When copying articles, set the hyperlink: "History of Russia" | Site map
