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The first car in Russia
Date: 13-03-2014, 17: 12
Category: Interesting facts
The history of the first car in Russia begins back in the distant 18th century, when in 1752 the Russian craftsman Leonty Shamshurenkov invented a new type of cart.
Now it did not need to be harnessed to horses, it had pedals and moved with the help of two men who stood in it and pressed the levers.
The wheelchair was approved by the Senate of Russia and Shamshurenkov received a big award — 50 rubles, which was a lot of money at that time.
A few years later, in 1791, the famous Russian mechanic Ivan Petrovich Kulibin already mounted a three wheeled cart.
It could accommodate two passengers at once, and someone from the household servants served as the engine.
He stood at the back and pressed the pedals.
It is these carts that can be considered the very first cars in Russia.
Despite the fact that it was still far from creating a real car, the scooter already had all the main elements of the car with the exception of the engine.
The movement from the pedals was transmitted to the flywheel, jerks from the pedal presses were not felt, since they were smoothed out by the inertia of the flywheel, the friction of the axles was also reduced with the help of rolling bearings, and when climbing uphill, the traction force could be increased if the gearbox wheels were switched.
A special merit of the inventor can be considered that he invented a system of devices for transmitting rotation from the pedal to the wheels — a transmission.
The principle of its operation is still used in modern cars.
The cart was controlled by a steering mechanism that turned the front wheel.
However, this scooter did not receive much distribution: the human engine was too weak to be able to use this cart widely.
At about the same time, unknown craftsmen invented other self propelled guns, which instead of a motor were equipped with wound springs by analogy with clockwork mechanisms.
Some of the monarchs of Europe took special pleasure in riding in such carts.
The spring drive did not receive its development, but it still remained an important milestone in the history of the development of automobile construction.
The next step was the creation of a steam engine.
The inventor of the continuous action steam engine was a Russian mechanic Ivan Ivanovich Polzunov.
The idea was good: a jet of steam was supposed to push the cart forward and facilitate its movement.
But in fact, everything did not look too reasonable: the steam engine was a kind of kettle on wheels, approaching which was fraught with steam burns.
In addition, in order for such a car to roll forward at least at the speed of a pedestrian on a smooth, hard road, it needed 2-3 tons of water every minute of the trip.
It turned out that the car shrouded in steam could only move along the shore of the reservoir, "sucking" a large amount of water, which it turned into steam.
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