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The history of the creation of the Android operating system
November 12, 2013 Administrator 5495 0
The legal date of birth of the platform can rightfully be considered September 23, 2008.
The first version of the operating system with the index 1.0 was released under the name Apple Pie.
The Android OS had a Linux kernel and positioned itself as an open mobile platform.
Many gadget developers could freely use the "Green Robot" - the new Android operating system.
To quickly distribute the system to the masses, Google is founding the Open Handset Alliance organization.
Major global manufacturers of smartphones and their components, as well as mobile operators, are quickly joining this organization.
Three months after the presentation of Android 1.0, the world market saw the first smartphone with this OS on board.
The name of this device is HTC Dream (T Mobile G1).
At the time, the device had solid technical characteristics: a 3.2 inch resolution display, a 525 MHz processor, 192 megabytes of RAM and a camera with a 3.2 MP matrix resolution.
As for the logo, the story of its creation is quite funny.
Its creator back in 2007 could not find a suitable image for a long time, having reviewed many possible options in films, toy stores and on the Internet.
As a result, the prototype was a man from a toilet stall: a simple outline, naked and with two antennas on the headboard.
This symbolizes the mobile platform itself, it should be simple and open.
During the first year of the existence of the newly baked platform, it was updated three times.
The first update is Android 1.1, codenamed Banana Bread, the second is Android 1.5, codenamed Cupcake, and the third is Android 1.6, codenamed Donut.
These updates brought a lot of innovations to the devices: support for higher screen resolutions, interface animation, multilingual voice search, video playback and recording, etc.
In October 2008, an online store was opened where you can buy up to date applications for the Android operating system.
It was called Android Market.
Based on the work permit of this store, 70 percent of the profit goes to developers, and mobile operators receive 30 percent.
The first proprietary application channel in the online store was launched by Sony Ericsson.
The number of downloaded applications has already reached the mark of 1 billion in 2011.
Later, all services ("Android Market", "Books" and "Music") were merged into a single Google Play.
It is distributed in 190 countries around the world, there are about 700 thousand different applications available.
The next update to version 2.0 made the operating system attractive, gave it the appearance of a candy in a store window.
The next version 2.1 had its "sweet" codename Eclair.
The update was marked by HTML5 support and the ability to use multiple Google accounts at once.
The first swallows of this version: NTS Magic and NTS Hero, Motorola Droid and Samsung Galaxy.
2010 was the year of big races for gigahertz mobile processors.
At the same time, the first smartphone from Google appears, about which everyone has been whispering for so long.
Google Nexus One is a smart phone with a 1 GHZ processor.
The supplier for the first and last time was the company NTS.
Later, similar processors were used by devices from Motorola and Samsung.
In the same 2010, the "Green Robot" received the index 2.2, and the code name Froyo.
The main innovations were: support for Adobe Flash, the use of JIT compilation (it was she who contributed to improving performance), the system performance increased significantly.
This update was installed on devices with a 1 GHz processor.
The next step At the end of 2010, the Android 2.3 version arrived, with the already familiar sweet codename Gingerbread.
This version occupied the first lines on the market in terms of mass sales for almost three years.
The main differences from the previous version are: support for HD resolution, the use of the new Ext4 file system, the interface has become more attractive and has received a lot of new features.
The new platform was followed by the flagship from Google the Nexus S.
Google developed the second branded smartphone together with Gingerbread.
This time, Samsung became a partner, and the Nexus S smartphone itself was similar to the Galaxy S, representing a modified version.
Google Nexus S appeared a little late, because when it entered the market, LG had already announced its first dual core smartphone called Optimus 2X.
Later, Samsung Galaxy S II, Motorola Droid X2, NTS Sensation got dual core chips.
This event did not particularly overshadow the fate of Samsung.
After the Galaxy S smartphone, the company released a cult device.
It was the now popular Galaxy Tab.
The "tablet" became an alternative to the bulky "apple" iPad, because the seven inch tablet was distinguished by its lightness and compactness.
Android 3.0 version The beginning of 2011 for Android was notable for the fact that Google developed a version of Android 3.0 Honeycomb for tablet PCs – the first version that was designed specifically for tablets.
The Gingerbread smartphone interface, slightly stretched, was clearly inferior to the new Honeycomb.
The new version looked much better, although the built in card reader started working only after the Android 3.1 update was released.
The most popular tablets of that time (Acer Iconia Tab, ASUS Eee Pad Transformer, Lenovo ThinkPad Tablet , Motorola Xoom Samsung Galaxy Tab 10.1, Sony Tablet) received the latest version of Android 3.2.
It was designed as a strictly tablet.
The fourth year, Samsung made a real sensation in its industry during the IFA 2011 exhibition.
She designed the Galaxy Note phablet.
Although the device did not become the first 5 inch smartphone, however, it was this manufacturer from South Korea that managed to present the form factor of sufficiently large smartphones in a favorable light.
An important event at the end of 2011 is undoubtedly the merger of two versions of Android: tablet and smartphone.
Both classes of devices worked perfectly on the updated version 4.0 of Ice Cream Sandwich.
This system won an award from PC Magazine, which noted that this platform has brought a large number of improvements.
Also, the OS version received the first place at the User Experience Awards in 2012 as the best platform.
Another significant innovation of this year's ICS was the support of two architectures for processors.
Intel x86 and MIPS joined ARM.
During the development of Android 4.0, Google was also working on the third model of a branded smartphone.
It was a Galaxy Nexus.
The name speaks for itself: the manufacturer of the device was Samsung.
Following this, mobile gadgets of the middle price segment, the flagship, began to work on Android ICS.
At the beginning of 2012, important events were announced in wide circles.
First of all, NVIDIA has introduced a quad core ARM processor Tegra 3 – the first of its kind.
Secondly, Qualcomm released Krait chips that are not inferior in power a little later.
Two smartphones were also preparing for the release: NTS One X and Optimus 4X HD.
But, nevertheless, Samsung received all the laurels of the championship for the Galaxy S III smartphone.
ASUS Nexus 7 Tablet
As for the tablet PC market ,the ASUS Nexus 7 has become the leader here.
This $ 20 tablet model was released together with an updated version of the operating system - Android 4.1 Jelly Bean.
Project Butter technology has finally allowed the Google mobile platform to get rid of slowing down in work (of course, only if there is a productive processor).
Year five At the end of 2012, Google, in parallel with the release of Android 4.2, announced the release of two more branded devices: the Samsung Nexus 10 tablet and the LG Nexus 4 smartphone.
The ability to switch between user profiles has become available thanks to the updated operating system.
This is an important addition for tablet PCs, because they are often used by several family members in turn.
We can say that the first half of 2013 was marked by smartphones with a large diagonal and ultra high screen resolution.
A year ago, the standard for 10 inch tablets was FullHD.
Now it is mandatory for 5 inch flagship smartphones.
Well, tablets have changed the usual resolution to a matrix of 1000000 pixels.
The Android mobile platform has celebrated its fifth birthday.
Now her fans are using the latest version 4.3 and already know the name of the next one 4.4 Kit Kat.
You need to pay attention to the fact that it is the first commercial name for the OS version, because all the time before that, Android developers used only free names.
The previous names of sweets were not registered trademarks.
Therefore, it was not without the fact that Google had to agree with Nestle on the use of well known bars in the OS code name.
As they say in this industry, the release of "Lemon Pie"is expected soon.
The world will see the Android 5.0 Key Lime Pie version.
Large scale changes are planned there, first of all, optimization will be improved.
The black color of the menu will remain classic, but the interface itself will be updated.
Over the past five years, Android has made significant progress.
Today, comparing the platform with what it was before Gingerbread, you can see outstanding improvements.
The beginning of the history of the development of the platform was not so successful, convenience and stability remained in question.
However, since the launch in 2008, the gadget world has seen more than 40 of its updates.
Each new version acquires an increasing number of advantages and useful characteristics.
And users appreciate it.
In addition, now Android does not borrow ideas from Apple, but rather the opposite.
Google should be proud of the fact that its OS is installed on more than 1 billion mobile devices around the world.
Over the course of five years, more than 11 thousand different models of devices that work on Android have been developed.
The figure is quite eloquent.
"Green robots" are popular for various form factors, price and technical characteristics.
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