Conspiracy theory
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This term has other meanings, see Conspiracy Theory (meanings).
The All seeing Eye on a one dollar bill according to conspiracy theorists, symbolizes the conspiracy of Freemasons in the Fed
Conspiracy theory (also known as conspiracy theory) is a set of hypotheses that try to explain the sequence of socially significant events, certain historical phenomena, or the course of history as a whole as a result of a conspiracy on the part of a certain group of people who control this process out of self interest, ambition or other group, clan, etc. interests.
Nothing happens by chance in politics.
If something happened, it was intended that way.
- Franklin Delano Roosevelt
The conspiracy theory can be considered as one of the extreme variants of the theory of elites[1].
Conspiracy theory ascribes to individuals and small groups supernatural abilities to control and manage the most complex social and political processes, presenting any particular conflict as part of the universal struggle of good and evil[2].
Following the provisions of the conspiracy theory can be considered as a generalization of special cases, as one of the types of cognitive distortions.
Content
1 Prerequisites for the emergence of conspiracy theories 2 Conspiracy theory 3 Typology of conspiracies 3.1 Global conspiracies 3.1.1 Conspiracies of producers 3.1.2 Computer conspiracy 3.1.3 Conspiracy of Oil workers 3.1.4 Mondialist Conspiracy 3.1.5 Jewish Masonic Conspiracy 3.1.6 Arab Conspiracy
3.2 Small plots
4 Assessments of the theory 4.1 Political conspiracies
5 See also 6 Notes 7 Literature 7.1 Scientific and journalistic works 7.2 Conspiracy works 7.2.1 Films
7.3 Fiction
8 Links
Prerequisites for the emergence of conspiracy theories[edit / edit wiki text]
One of the reasons for the emergence of conspiracy theories is the deep social and psychological needs of a person.
The perception of the provisions of the conspiracy theory is closely related to the mechanisms of stereotyping[3], projection and the phenomenon of escapism, as well as the complexity of a person's understanding of random events, fragmentary perception of the world, the desire for a holistic representation of the picture of events (see gestalt psychology).
The reason for the success of conspiracy theories is also called an ideological reaction to social inequality[3].
The projection mechanism means that the proponent of the conspiracy theory, as a rule, transfers some of his positive and negative personal properties to the alleged participants of the conspiracy.
At the same time, they acquire an exaggerated character.
On the one hand, the conspirators are demonized, they are attributed both evil intentions and personal immorality.
This makes it possible to remove any moral restrictions in actions in relation to the alleged conspirators, to avoid moral condemnation or criminal responsibility.
After all, the one who destroys such monsters should be recognized as a hero, not a criminal.
On the other hand, the conspirators are endowed with special abilities (intelligence, cunning, purposefulness, etc.).
Umberto Eco
The desire to avoid cognitive dissonance leads to the fact that a person who has once accepted a certain conspiracy theory is usually difficult to convince to abandon it.
All facts that contradict the theory are either simply ignored or rejected with the help of typical conspiracy theory techniques (they can be denied, called manifestations of provocative activity of the conspirators, or interpreted in such a way that they will turn from contradictory into confirming).
Conversely, any fact, even the most harmless and seemingly irrelevant, can, with some effort, fit into the picture offered by the conspiracy theory.
In Foucault's Pendulum, Umberto Eco put it this way:
If we assume the possibility that there is at least one starting point in the universe that is not a sign of something else, we immediately go beyond the scope of hermetic thinking.
- Umberto Eco.
Foucault's Pendulum
From the point of view of meme theory, conspiracy theories are memes that compete with the meme of the generally accepted picture of the world.
Their success is based on distrust of the authority of experts and generally accepted sources of knowledge[3].
Conspiracy theory[edit / edit wiki text]
The request "Conspiracy theory"is redirected here.
A separate article is needed on this topic.
There are many conspiracy theories regarding the events of September 11, 2001
The attempt to study and classify objectively existing or existing conspiracies, closed groups (elitist or oligarchic), sects, special services, etc., as well as the discovery of information that for one reason or another they are trying to hide from the general public, led to the emergence of the scientific direction of conspiracy, or secret science.
(In Russian language works, the authors of which treat conspiracy ideas with skepticism, the term "conspirativism" is used or, as in the monograph of Daniel Pipes in the Russian translation of Dometi Zavolsky, "conspiracy".)
Political speculations are sometimes carried out under the guise of conspiracy studies.
Thus, the publicist Lawrence Gardner claims that the Stuart family descends from Jesus Christ through the Merovingian and Carolingian dynasties.
With this, the author motivated the legitimacy of the occupation of the Scottish throne by "Prince Michael of Albany" [4][5].
Another example is the book by the famous Russian sociologist A. I. Fursov De conspiratione ("Capitalism as a conspiracy"), in which, using the example of a huge variety of variants of market economies from the United States to China, it is concluded that at the political level, capitalism is unstable and requires supranational governing institutions acting in the interests of the owners of transnational corporations, using the leadership of special services, secret unions and network organizations as an organizational structure.
The third example: John Coleman, an American publicist, a former figure of the British special services, in his book " The Committee of 300.
Secrets of the world government " claims that there is a powerful secret organization in the world, which includes the elite of the United Kingdom, the United States and some other states, one of the tasks of which is to radically reduce the world's population to one billion people.
And it is proposed to leave only half a billion on the tablets of Georgia.
In the above book, John Coleman indicates, for example, that the author of the music and songs of the Beatles is the philosopher and musicologist Theodor Adorno[6][7].
The emblem of the Tula Society
We also highlight Rene Allot, a French historian and hermetic philosopher who devoted a lot of time to the history of the Third Reich.
In the book "Hitler and Secret Societies"[8], Rene Allo describes the history of the creation of the" Thule Society " associated with the eschatological aspects of Nazism.
However, in the same place, Allo pointed out the symbolism of the Green Color in the so called "esoteric Hitlerism".
He associated this symbolism with the color of Islam, and even the green color of Himmler's favorite ink pen, the head of the "black order" — the SS, played a certain role in his concepts[9].
The foundations of conspiracy theory were laid by the esoteric traditionalist, French philosopher and fiction writer R. Guenon[source not specified 424 days].
In the modern Russian Federation, one of the researchers of conspiracy theory is A. G. Dugin[9].
Opponents of this trend accuse conspiracy theorists of not collecting facts that refute or confirm the existence of a conspiracy, but interpret any facts in favor of the existence of a conspiracy.
All the facts that refute any conspiracy theory in conspiracy theory can always be "challenged" with the help of simple arguments: "You do not have access to these materials" or "THEY needed you to think so".
Typology of conspiracies[edit / edit wiki text]
Global conspiracies[edit / edit wiki text]
A characteristic feature of most of these conspiracy theories is the statement about the existence of an unknown or inconspicuous secret society created by a certain group of people with the aim of seizing power over the world.
The activity of this society explains a number of historical events that have a negative character for the target audience of the theory.
Proponents of such theories also postulate a number of relationships between historical and modern events, which are stages in the implementation of the global plan of the conspirators[10][11][12].
As a rule, the peak of popularity of global conspiracy theories coincides with periods of economic and (or) political instability, crisis.
In this case, the reluctance of the broad masses of society to make efforts to understand the objective causes of the problem results in the search for "simple solutions", among which is the search for enemies, personally responsible persons in the crisis.
Thus, global conspiracy theories provide an outlet for chaotic destructive social energy, and can be used both in the interests of the ruling elite (the Black Hundreds in Tsarist Russia) and against it (the Nazis in the Weimar Republic).
This makes global conspiracy theories one of the most effective tools for manipulating the masses in crisis societies, although in inept hands such a tool can lead to completely unforeseen consequences.
In any society, regardless of its state, there are social groups that are more predisposed than others to the perception and support of global conspiracy theories.
In general, conspiracy theories find support among those who are dissatisfied with the existing state of affairs in society, especially those who are dissatisfied with their personal situation.
Since crisis periods dramatically increase the number of such subjects, support for global conspiracy theories increases in an appropriate proportion.
The most common are the following global conspiracy theories.
Conspiracies of manufacturers[edit / edit wiki text]
There are assumptions about the conspiracies of manufacturers: it is assumed that the latter agree to support the production of low quality, short lived and expensive goods, while simultaneously preventing the spread of high quality, durable and cheap, thus trying to maximize their own profit.
The question remains whether such actions should be considered a conspiracy, that is, an activity conducted by a preliminary agreement of the producers.
After all, the same thing can be done independently by them, because of the coincidence of interests (just as in a card game several players, without collusion, can play against one if the current situation makes his loss profitable for everyone else).
Nevertheless, in the 1990s, a series of lawsuits took place in the United States, during which numerous representatives of the authorities accused the country's largest tobacco companies of a conspiracy that took place in the middle of the XX century[13], aimed at limiting publicly available information about the real harm of tobacco smoking to health (Tobacco Master Settlement Agreement).
Computer conspiracy[edit / edit wiki text]
Main Article: Software Bloat
There is a version that software manufacturers deliberately release products that are increasingly demanding on computer resources in order to support the demand for expensive components.
The rational explanation of the phenomenon of "software bloat" is that in conditions of rapid reduction in the cost of hardware computer resources, even poorly written programs are in demand, so it is more profitable for manufacturers not to worry about optimization, but to reduce the development time (and, accordingly, costs) by abandoning optimization and using simpler, but also more resource intensive algorithms; this approach also allows using less qualified programmers.
Supporters of another popular "computer conspiracy" claim that manufacturers of antivirus software themselves produce viruses and distribute them on the network (or, at least, finance such activities, or contribute to it) in order to support the demand for their products[14][15].
The conspiracy of the oilmen[edit / edit wiki text]
According to this conspiracy concept, the owners of the largest oil companies are holding back the development of alternative energy, preventing an energy revolution.
In 2008, the European Commission exposed the so called paraffin conspiracy, in which Exxon Mobil, Total, Sasol Limited and several other leading oil companies were accused, which secretly agreed among themselves to set high prices for paraffin used in the production of candles, paper plates and cups[16].
The Mondialist conspiracy[edit / edit wiki text]
See also: World Government
The use of Masonic symbols on the state emblem of the United States on the Great State Seal of the United States
The Mondialist conspiracy is the latest form of conspiracy theory, exposing the plans of the "secret World government" in recent decades.
The peculiarity of this variant of conspiracy theory is that the main object of research is the United States of America, as a special geopolitical center with its own specific and controversial in a number of aspects cultural and futurological concept.
The unofficial international organization "Bilderberg Club" is considered by some conspiracy theorists as a secret world government[6][17].
According to conspiracy theorists, the true goal of the Trilateral Commission (a private organization that encourages cooperation between North America, Europe and the Pacific region of Asia, founded by banker David Rockefeller) is also the creation of a world government controlled by it[18].
The Bohemian Club, which unites influential members of American society, is considered by some conspiracy theorists to be a place where decisions on the most important issues of domestic and international politics are formed[19].
The Jewish Masonic conspiracy[edit / edit wiki text]
The Jewish Masonic conspiracy is a conspiracy concept that combines the concepts of Masonic and Jewish conspiracies.
The Arab conspiracy[edit / edit wiki text]
The Arab conspiracy is a global Islamist conspiracy directed against Western civilization.
Presumably it covers the governments of Arab and a number of European states ("Eurabia").
Conspiracy theorists call the purpose of the conspiracy the transformation of Western European states into Islamist theocracies, as well as the destruction of the United States and Israel.
Depending on the political views of the target audience, fascism or communism is attributed to the conspiracy as an ally (referring to the pro Nazi activities of the Mufti of Jerusalem, Amin al Husseini, in the 1940s[20] and to the USSR's assistance to Arab countries during the Cold War, respectively)[21].
Small plots[edit / edit wiki text]
The theories of small conspiracies give a different interpretation of individual historical episodes, differing from the generally accepted one, attracting various secret intentions and forces to the explanation of such events.
Examples of such theories[source not specified 298 days]:
the Apollo flights with American astronauts to the Moon are just a staging ("lunar conspiracy"); or, on the contrary, conversations about staging are needed to hide the alien presence on the Moon the pre Gagarin "missing cosmonauts" of the USSR[22] and later suspected unsuccessful manned flights (including the small " Soviet lunar conspiracy — - a lunar flyby flight, allegedly during which Gagarin died[23]); the terrorist act of September 11, 2001 was planned by the American special services; the assassination of John F. Kennedy was planned by the CIA; explosions of residential buildings in Moscow and Volgodonsk — organized by the FSB; the death of the Kursk nuclear submarine occurred as a result of an attack by an American submarine, hidden at the highest political level in order to avoid a conflict between the Russian Federation and the United States;
the legend of the death of Paul McCartney — Paul McCartney from the Beatles group died in 1966 and was replaced by a double with a similar appearance and voice; secret replacements of deceased, murdered, suspended or voluntarily renounced the power of heads of state, political or statesmen with doubles — similar versions were put forward regarding Yeltsin, Peter I, Stalin, Napoleon Bonaparte, Hitler, Rudolf Hess and Kim Jong Il.
Theory estimates[edit / edit wiki text]
According to George Entin, Professor emeritus at the University of Pennsylvania, it is usually not so much about really scientific theories as about myths, guesses, rumors[24].
Conspiracy theories are often used to simply explain complex social phenomena (while often appealing to pseudological evidence Argumentum ad ignorantiam).
But any process in politics, economics and many other areas is the result of coordinated actions between two or more persons.
These actions can always be interpreted as collusion or conspiracy.
However, Adam Smith also showed that the main motive for actions in the economy is the mutual benefit of each of the subjects, and Karl Marx showed that politics is ultimately dependent on the economy — limited by its capabilities and guided by its interests.
Conspiracy theory is used not to expose the conspirators, but to mask the true causes of a phenomenon with mystical, in fact, explanations (since postulating the existence of an unprovable conspiracy practically does not differ from explaining the event, for example, by witchcraft or "the will of the gods" — neither one nor the other, nor the third can be proved, refuted, or prevented).
The main "core" of conspiracy theories is an unofficial and rather impersonal (otherwise the case will go to court and, most likely, will be lost) indication of the subject of public life (firm, corporation, nationality, country), allegedly responsible for some events or the existing state of things, the study of their motivation.
In addition, the idea of secret, non institutionalized power ("curatorship") plays an important role in conspiracy theory.
...
Real political actions often require secrecy not only at the planning stage, but also at the implementation stage.
Therefore, it is sometimes difficult to distinguish between ordinary politics and conspiracy.
Usually, for a conspiracy theorist, the upcoming change has a global significance, the destinies of peoples and the whole world are at stake.
Scientific interpretations and conspiracy theories are characterized by two different approaches.
[24].
As a rule, double standards can be found in the proof system of a conspiracy theory: any contradictory facts are rejected as weak or fake, and the assumption of a conspiracy is accepted unconditionally, as having no alternative and requiring no evidence.
In such cases, the law of sufficient reason works only when evaluating a generally accepted theory, but is ignored when justifying a conspiracy theory.
...
Conspirativism is devoid of common sense, is not based on evidence or does not evaluate the reliability of sources, does not have criteria for preferring one interpretation to another, knows little about actual conspiracies and how often they fail, power is considered as the only goal.
[24].
Any attempts to refute the conspiracy theory can be interpreted by its supporters as part of the conspiracy itself.
For example, it can be argued that this article was written by members of a worldwide conspiracy to hide the truth.
...
Conspirativism resembles the thinking of a paranoid person who sees conspiracies against himself.
Adherents of conspiracy theories believe that everything is directed against the groups to which they belong or with which they identify themselves[24].
The weakest point of the conspiracy theory (especially the "global" one) is the addition of a large number of complications to the interpretation of a historical episode.
One of the principles that is necessarily violated is Hanlon's Razor: although it is known that in reality the causes of an event can be quite ordinary (an accident, the actions of a lone maniac, an epidemic, a catastrophe), in their place is the action of a numerous, flawlessly secret, all powerful organization, all participants of which strive for a single goal and do not make mistakes.
This assumption is extremely doubtful.
It is highly unlikely that events involving a sufficiently large number of people will remain undisclosed for a long time: history shows that sooner or later real life conspiracies become public (for example, "Watergate")[25].
According to Sergey Kara Murza, "The term" conspiracy theory "is becoming evaluative and in many audiences it is used as a fail safe way to shut up an opponent"[26].
Political conspiracies[edit / edit wiki text]
en: Katherine K. Young writes: "real secret conspiracies are characterized by at least four features: they are groups, not individuals; illegal, sinister goals, lack of a task to take care of society as a whole; a series of planned actions, not spontaneous; and, of course, secret discussion and planning of the conspiracy, not open discussion on the pages of the press"[27].
This, apparently, causes such a close opinion to the already disclosed and proven places where influential people gather together.
Some conspiracies later become just a story that they wanted to hide from society: The Watergate scandal, a deal for the secret supply of weapons to Iran[28][29].
"Some historians pay attention to the fact that it was the United States that became the main stronghold of conspiracy theory, since it was here that many outstanding conspiracies were attempted and uncovered, especially after the 1960s."[30]
The presence of real conspiracies feeds the confidence of conspiracy theorists in the reality of unsolved conspiracy theories.[31][32][33]
See also[edit / edit wiki text]
Hanlon's Razor Secret Society Protocols of the Elders of Zion Folk History Denver (airport)
Notes[edit / edit wiki text]
Ц Tsygankov A. P. Modern political regimes: structure, typology, dynamics.
- Moscow: Interprax, 1995.
ISBN 5-85235-212-8 Circulation 3000 copies Con Conspiracy - (eng.).
PublicEye.org.
Political Research Associates.
Retrieved September 13, 2014.
↑ 1 2 3 Jamie Bartlett and Carl Miller A Bestiary of the 9/11 Truth Movement: Notes from the Front Line / / Skeptical Inquirer.
- 2011.
- Vol.
35.4. ↑ The man who would be king The Guardian, March 24, 1999 (English) ↑ Two reviews of " The Genealogy of St. Grail" (English) ↑ 1 2 Coleman D. Committee of 300.
Secrets of the world government Moscow: Vityaz Publishing House, 2005.
- 320 p. ISBN 5-86523-080-8 Бит Beatles Tavistock rock experiment Hit Hitler et les sociétés secrètes, enquête sur les sources occultes du nazisme, Paris, Cercle du nouveau livre d'histoire, 1969, 367 p. ↑ 1 2 Dugin A. G. "Conspiracy theory" Thom (English) Thomas Jones: "Short Cuts" ↑ (English)Political Research Associates: "Conspiracy" Лак Lacker U.
The Black Hundred: The Origin of Russian fascism.
- M.: Text, 1999.
- p. 72 — - 432 p.
— ISBN 5-7516-0001-0.
The US authorities accuse tobacco companies of criminal conspiracy and demand 280 billion.
Tape.
<url> ↑ Why there is no global antivirus software conspiracy ↑ 10 Biggest Computer Security Myths Busted " Myth #9.
Security software companies write most viruses "↑ The European Commission fined the "paraffin mafia" a billion dollars / / Lenta.
<url>, 01.10.2008 ↑ Daniel Estulin.
"Who rules the world?
Or the whole truth about the Bilderberg Club."
- Mn.: Potpourri, 2009.
- 288 p. ISBN 978-985-15-0466-0 Михаил Mikhail Kazinik A five minute guide to conspiracy Theories / / Esquire, 15.12.2011 ↑ (English) "Masters of the Universe Go to Camp: Inside the Bohemian Grove" by Philip Weiss, Spy Magazine, November 1989, pages 59-76.
Ara Arab fascist axis (English).
Conspiracy Encyclopedia. (Accessed July 24, 2011)
↑ Bat Yeor.
From the history of the Eurabia project (translated from English. Eleanor Shifrin).
The Eurabia Project (translated from the English by L. Gulko). (Checked on July 24, 2011)
↑ Andrey MOISEENKO.
Gagarin was the twelfth?
/ / Komsomolskaya Pravda, 11.07.2005 Александр Alexander Zheleznyakov, Leon Rosenblum.
Was and remains the first!
/ / News of the week (Israel), 15-24.04.2003 ↑ 1 2 3 4 George Entin "Conspiracy theory and the conspiratorial mentality" / / New and modern history.
2000.
№ 1.
Pipes D. "Conspiracy: an explanation of the success and origin of the "paranoid style "" / / New Literary Review.
— 2000.
Сергей Sergey Georgievich Kara Murza.
Russia is dying?
Direct and explicit threats.
Yauza Press (2010).
↑ Katherine K. Young & Paul Nathanson (2010), Sanctifying Misandry: Goddess Ideology and the Fall of Man, McGill Queen's Press MQUP, ss.
275–, ISBN 978-0-7735-3615-9, <http://books.google.com/books?id=-kqiqToVngAC&pg=PA275> ↑ Shenon, Philip.
North, Poindexter and 2 Others Indicated on Iran Contra Fraud and Theft Charges, New York Times (March 17, 1988).
Accessed June 7, 2008.
↑ The Iran Contra Defenders (17 September 1991), p. A6.
Accessed January 14, 2011.
Kn Knight, Peter (2003) Conspiracy theories in American history: an encyclopedia, Volume 1; ABC CLIO; ISBN 978-1-57607-812-9 p.
18. ↑ Jewett, Robert; John Shelton Lawrence (2004) Captain America and the crusade against evil: the dilemma of zealous nationalism Wm.
B. Eerdmans Publishing p. 206.
↑ Olmsted, Kathryn S. (2011) Real Enemies: Conspiracy Theories and American Democracy, World War I to 9/11 Oxford University Press p.
8. ↑ Whitfield, Stephen J. (2004)
A companion to 20th centur y America Wiley Blackwell ISBN 978-0-631-21100-6 p. 136.
Literature[edit / edit wiki text]
Scientific and journalistic works[edit / edit wiki text]
Bagdasaryan V. E. "Conspiracy theory" in the Russian historiography of the second half of the XIX XX centuries M., 1999 Nemirovsky V. G. Secret societies and conspirators.
- St. Petersburg: Peter, 2007.
- 240 p — - 4000 copies.
— ISBN 978-5-91180-549-4.
Peter Knight Conspiracy Culture Ultraculture 2.0 M., 2010 Pipes D. Conspiracy.
Mania of persecution in the Minds of Politicians = Conspiracy: How the Paranoid Style Flourishes and Where It Comes From / (D. Zavolsky lane).
- New chronograph, 2008 — - 336 p — - 2000 copies.
— ISBN 978-5-94881-055-3.
George Entin "Conspiracy theory and the conspiratorial mentality" / / New and modern history.
2000.
№ 1).
Ralph Epperson The Invisible Hand.
Introduction to the View of History as a Conspiracy The social consequences of conspiracy: Exposure to conspiracy theories reduces intentions to engage in politics and to reduce one's carbon footprint
Conspiracy works[edit / edit wiki text]
A. A. Autorkhanov "The riddle of Stalin's death (the Beria conspiracy) "A. Dugin " Conspiracy theory".
Moscow, 1993 (ISBN 5-85928-010-6), 2005 (ISBN 5-902322-03-0) John Coleman.
"The Committee of Three Hundred.
Secrets of the world government " S. Nilus.
"Protocols of the Elders of Zion" K. P. Petrov "Secrets of the management of mankind" ISBN 978-5-91047-002-0 Douglas Reed.
"The dispute about Zion.
2500 years of the Jewish conspiracy. "
Ralph Epperson.
"The invisible hand.
Introduction to the View of History as a Conspiracy" ISBN 5-88857-013-3
Movies[edit / edit wiki text]
The Zeitgeist, the Zeitgeist: The App and the Zeitgeist: The Next Step Peter Joseph's documentaries about the "religious conspiracy", about the September 11 conspiracy theory and about the US Federal Reserve financial conspiracy theory.
The Empire of Good is a documentary film about US politics.
It was shown on the Russia channel.
The Secret is a 2006 American documentary film.
At the beginning, several shots are shown with people (presumably high ranking officials) who agree with something.
From the context, it is clear that we are talking about a conspiracy theory ("The secret was carefully hidden").
Loose change (film) is another film about the September 11 conspiracy theory.
Dark Skies is a miniseries about a conspiracy to hide the truth about UFOs and aliens.
Conspiracy Theory (film) is a feature film directed by Richard Donner.
The main character is obsessed with the paranoid idea that conspiracies are being plotted around.
Utopia (mini series) - a series about a conspiracy theory against the population of the planet.
Fiction[edit / edit wiki text]
Sergey Sergeyevich Tarmashev.
The novels "Heritage", "Heritage 2", which tell, among other things, about the conspiracy of the owners of the largest companies and corporations who want to seize the food market with the help of the production of genetically modified organisms.
James Grady.
"Six Days of the Condor" ("Six Days of the Condor"), a novel by Dan Brown.
"The Da Vinci Code"," Angels and Demons " by Umberto Eco.
"Foucault's Pendulum" by Anatoly Gladilin.
"The Shadow of the Horseman" by Oleg Markeev.
The Wanderer cycle by Lawrence Norfolk.
"The Lamprier Dictionary" by Thomas Pynchon.
"Lot 49 is being shouted out" by Neil Stevenson.
"Cryptonomicon" by Alex Tarn.
"The Protocols of the Elders of Zion" by Alexander Eckstein.
"People of the Full Moon" by Robert Wilson, Robert Shea.
"The Illuminatus!"
Trilogy»)
Links[edit / edit wiki text]
Dugin A. G. "Conspiracy theory has become vulgar".
Conspiracy theory.
Peter Knight mapped the vast expanses of American paranoia by the BBC: "Does a conspiracy theorist live in each of us?"
A big city.
Article "And the authorities hide" A. A. Wasserman The basics and axioms of historical conspiracy theory Dugin A. G. "Conspiracy theory".
Moscow, 1993, 2005; Computerra: No. 14 (538)
April 13, 2004 Issue subject: "In search of a conspiracy" Kiwi Bird Conspiracies as a way of life Oleg Kireev In the networks Mikhail Vannakh A few words about conspiracy studies and high technologies
Alexander Panchenko.
"Conspiracy Theory" and modern religious culture (video)
To improve this article, it is desirable:
Find and issue links to independent authoritative sources confirming what has been written in the form of footnotes.
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