Windows 10
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For the mobile version of Windows 10, see Windows 10 Mobile.
Windows 10
Windows 10 Desktop Microsoft Developer
Windows NT OS Family
Based on Windows 8.1
The source code is closed
First issue October 1, 2014
The latest version is 10.0.10586 — November 12, 2015
The latest test version is 10.0.11082 — December 16, 2015
Update Method Windows Update, Windows Store
OneGet Package Managers (PowerShell module)
Supported languages multilingual (including Russian)
Supported platforms are x86, x86-64 and ARM
Core type Hybrid core[source not specified 17 days]
Metro Interface
Commercial license
Current status
Website microsoft.com/ru ru/windows
Windows 10 on Wikimedia Commons
Windows 10 is an operating system for personal computers developed by Microsoft as part of the Windows NT family.
After Windows 8, the system received the number 10, bypassing 9.
After Windows 8, the system received the number 10, bypassing 9.
The system is designed to become unified for different devices, such as personal computers, tablets, smartphones, Xbox One consoles, etc.
A single development platform and a single store of universal applications compatible with all supported devices are available Windows 10 is delivered as a service with the release of updates throughout the support cycle.
During the first year after the release of the system, users can upgrade to Windows 10 for free on devices running legal Windows 7, Windows 8.1 and Windows Phone 8.1.
Among the significant innovations are the voice assistant Cortana, the ability to create and switch multiple desktops, etc.
Windows 10 is the latest "boxed" version of Windows, all subsequent versions will be distributed exclusively in digital form.
The Windows 10 license agreement allows Microsoft to collect numerous information about the user, the history of his Internet activity, passwords to sites and access points, data typed on the keyboard and much more 5][6] (see the section "Data collection").
Content
1 History 2 Distribution 2.1 Direct update
3 Differences from previous versions of Windows 3.1 Main differences 3.2 Applications
4 Windows 10 Mobile 4.1 New Features 4.2 System Requirements
5 Data collection 6 Criticism 7 Technical requirements 8 Revisions 9 Notes 10 References
History
After Windows 8, the system received the number 10, bypassing 9.
As explained by the head of Microsoft Windows marketing Tony Profet, the omission of the ninth number in the name of the Windows operating system is not related to compatibility.
Many programs would define it as a system from the Windows 9x family, which were released from 1995 to 2000.
Initially, it was assumed that the current Windows 8.1 would be called Windows 9, Microsoft did not want the new version of Windows to be associated with the unpopular Windows 8
— What happened to Windows 9?
— She came and went[7].
The original text (English)
— What happened to Windows 9?
— It came and it went.
The first preview version of Windows 10 (build 9841) was released on September 30, 2014 for corporate customers.
The next day, this build became available for download on the Windows Pre evaluation program website Microsoft claims that the wishes and preferences of users were used in the process of creating a new version of the operating system, thanks to the use of pre testing using the Windows Pre Evaluation Program Windows 10 is the first Microsoft operating system that is officially distributed not only from the vendor's servers, but also from the computers of its users, according to the principle of the BitTorrent protocol.
According to the same principle, Windows 10 updates are distributed, and this setting is enabled by default, that is, if the user has limited traffic, a tariff with payment for the volume of traffic or the speed of connection to the network does not allow excessive loading of the communication line — then this option should be disabled It is also possible to leave the exchange of updates only between computers on the local network.
During the first year after the release of the system, users will be able to upgrade to Windows 10 for free on any device running the official versions of Windows 7, Windows 8.1 and Windows Phone 8.1 that meet certain requirements Direct upgrade to Windows 10 is available for Windows 7 and Windows 8.1 from July 29, 2015 for devices that meet certain requirements Questions and answers about the update are considered in the official collection of questions To upgrade to Windows 8.1, you need to have Windows 8.1 Update installed.
For Windows 8, you will need to install the Windows 8.1 update.
To upgrade to Windows 7, SP1 is required During the first year after the release of the final version of Windows 10, it will be possible to get an update for free.
Users of Windows Vista and older versions, even with service packs, will not be able to make a direct upgrade to Windows 10.
To do this, they will need a clean installation "from scratch" Exception: Vista users who got Windows 7 for free for various kinds of promotions 15].
They will be able to perform a chain update: Windows Vista - Windows 7 - Windows 10 for free under their license.
An update for everyone who has access to it is required only once on a specific hardware.
The update is carried out using the "Get Windows 10" application, which is distributed through the KB3035583 update.
In it, you can reserve and download the system until July 29, 2016 — the end date of the promotion.
The installation files will download themselves to the computer, but you can postpone the installation.
The installation can take about an hour on average.
You can also upgrade to Windows 10 faster — to do this, you can download the utility for creating installation media from the Microsoft website and select the upgrade option.
These update methods do not apply to corporate version releases, the corporate version must be updated via the VLSC image issued by the corporation 16].
Upgrade paths to Windows 10[17][18] Version and revision of Windows before the update Revision after the update to Windows 10 Windows 7 Initial Windows 10 Home Windows 7 Home Basic Windows 7 Home Extended Windows 8.1 Core Windows 8.1 with Bing Windows 10 Home with Bing Windows 8.1 for one language Windows 10 Home for one language Windows 7 Professional Windows 10 Professional Windows 7 Maximum Windows 8.1 Professional Windows 7 Corporate Windows 10 Corporate[16] (the update is made outside of the promotion)
Windows 8.1 Enterprise
Differences from previous versions of Windows
The main differences
The updated Start menu will allow the user to view lists of frequently used applications and files in one click, as well as configure applications, programs, contacts and websites.
It is possible to pin the tiles in the Start menu, and if the tiles are not needed, they can be removed.
However, if users prefer the Start screen, as in Windows 8.1, they will be able to switch to it.
Starting with Build 10056, you can resize the Start menu using the mouse cursor or expand the menu to full screen.
Recently installed applications are located in the middle of the list of applications in the Start menu, and are not displayed and highlighted when opening the "all applications" dialog, as was the case in previous versions of Windows.
Windows Store apps now open in windowed mode.
Using the new button in the window title, you can expand the application to full screen (if it supports this).
The miracle button panel has been replaced by the Notification Center.
Now they are available only in the application management menu in the window header.
A new "Notification Center" with quick settings buttons.
Notifications will sync with other devices running on Windows 10.
The search bar, task view buttons (also desktops) and the Notification Center have been added to the Taskbar.
A new search bar with an integrated voice assistant Cortana.
Voice activation allows you to call the search with the "Hey, Cortana" command.
It can search and open files or applications, send messages, and so on.
It is currently available only for the United States, Great Britain, China, France, Italy, Germany and Spain, but with the official release it is planned to optimize for other countries, including Russia, but only with the advent of Windows Redstone in 2016.
The Task View button will allow the user to create multiple desktops and switch between them to increase the efficiency of working with several programs at the same time.
You can also open the task view screen using the клавиш Win+Tab ↹key combination.
When you click on the network icon, connections will open in a small window, as in Windows 7.
From there, you can instantly turn on the "on the plane" mode or go to the computer parameters.
Updated battery indicator interface when you click on the battery icon.
Updated the clock and calendar.
The improved Snap function allows you to open 4 applications at once at the same time and tells you which other applications are running and how they can be placed.
Some icons have been redrawn.
Also, the windows now have a more modern animation of opening and closing.
Changed the animation when installing programs.
In the new OS, the window frames have become thinner, and their interface has also been changed.
Continuum mode will allow you to interact simultaneously with both the touch interface and the traditional one on hybrid devices — that is, it will allow you to connect a monitor, mouse and keyboard to the phone, the function is promised for "selected" models of new premium devices "in the near future".
The welcome screen and lock screen have been updated.
The support center in Windows 10 has been renamed "Security and Maintenance".
The Storage Sense function allows you to save applications from the Windows Store not only to the hard disk, but also to the memory card.
The interface of the installation process has received an updated graphical interface, but it is only available when updating Windows to a new build and upgrading to Windows 10.
The Windows Hello service for logging in using biometric data allows you not to enter a password on those sites and applications that support it.
Along with Windows Hello, Microsoft is launching a system called Microsoft Passport, designed to replace the password using personal devices, such as smartphones and wearable devices, so that it can be authenticated in corporate systems and online content[2].
In the test version 10056, the "Taskbar", "Notification Center" and the "Start" menu received the Aero transparency effect.
All transparency in the system can be easily disabled or vice versa enabled through the computer settings.
The new "Settings" application will soon completely replace the "Control Panel", which still exists in Windows 10, but with limited functionality.
Applications
The Windows Store has been updated.
The OneGet service is built into the system, which allows you to install programs as in Linux using package managers.
The Windows Feedback application allows you to report to Microsoft about your experience using the pre release versions of Windows 10, as well as about errors and suggestions.
Added a new application "Getting started".
The command line now has the ability to use the insertion of text copied to the clipboard via the keyboard shortcut Ctrl+V.
A more functional search and display of the latest files along with the most visited folders has been added to the" Explorer".
The Calculator app has been updated.
The new Microsoft Edge browser, which is shipped in the system with build 10158[2], Internet Explorer remains for compatibility with older applications.
Taskbar
Windows 10 Mobile
Main Article: Windows 10 Mobile
Windows 10 Mobile is designed for devices with screen diagonals up to 8 inches.
Smartphones with Windows Phone 8.1 will be able to upgrade to it.
The development of this version began back in 2012.
New features
The lock screen in Windows 10 for mobile devices is similar to the Windows Phone 8 variant, but the main screen now has background image support.
Now the recently installed applications are located at the top of the entire list.
The Notification Center has been updated.
Users will be able to add several rows of custom controls at the top of the Action Center.
Interactive notifications.
A user who has received a text message will simply have to click on the interactive notification to respond without opening the application.
The ability to move the keyboard to different places on the display, which will help you find the most convenient position.
Completely redesigned settings menu.
Skype integration directly into the messages section, which makes it easier to switch between text messages and Skype chat without having to open a second application.
System requirements
The minimum system requirements for Windows 10 Mobile are a screen with a resolution of 800x480 (854x480 without hardware buttons) and 512 MB RAM.
Data collection
In Windows 10, Microsoft collects a lot of data about computer usage.
According to the privacy statement[19], Microsoft collects data used to improve products and services.
Examples of such data are name, email address, preferences and interests, browser history, search history and file history, phone call and SMS message data, device configuration and sensor data, as well as application usage data.
All data entered from the keyboard, handwritten or through speech recognition systems can also be collected.
Data collection can occur when installing programs, using voice search, opening files, entering texts.
The collected data can be transferred to a third party with the user's consent to provide the requested services, as well as provided to equipment manufacturers[19].
The use of personal data has caused concerns of users and news sites[20].
For the first time, extensive data collection was noticed in the preliminary [21] versions of the OS, however, in the final version of Windows 10, certain data is collected and sent to Microsoft[22], in particular, by default, Microsoft Edge or Internet Explorer browsers collect information about Internet searches and visited sites, Windows applications and services collect location information[23], the Cortana assistant collects contact data, information about calls and text messages, site visit history[24].
The Cortana assistant for its work requires you to allow the collection and sending of statistics of all entered information (through voice recognition, handwriting and using keyboards)[25].
Also, the encryption keys of the hard disk are transmitted to Microsoft (disabling this option is possible only in professional versions)[26], passwords to WiFi networks ("Wi Fi Control" provides these keys to Facebook friends, contacts outlook.com and Skype)[27].
Windows 10 contains two services for collecting and sending to Microsoft "error reports" and "collecting data on the use of programs" (a list of installed applications, statistics of their use).
Disabling both services is only available in the "Windows 10 Enterprise" version; the more accessible versions of the "Home" and "Pro" OS always send at least basic information[5][6].
The Russian supervisory authority, Roskomnadzor, during the verification of the appeal of Nikolai Levichev[28] stated that Microsoft's activities related to data collection in operating systems do not violate Russian legislation on information technology ai, since users voluntarily agree to the license agreement.[29]
Criticism
Windows 10 was hit by a barrage of criticism due to the surveillance of the Operating System for users.
Users did not like that Windows collects a number of different types of data.
Such as: the location, the names of the programs being opened, the data of their emails and various managers, data about contacts and the frequency of interaction with these contacts on mobile devices that are running Windows 10.
All this data is automatically sent to Microsoft cloud servers.
Some of the criticism also applies to the fact that Windows shares WiFi passwords with other users[30][31][32].
Technical requirements
The system makes the following requirements for a personal computer:
Processor: 1 GHz or more or a system on a chip.
RAM: 1 GB for a 32 bit system or 2 GB for a 64 bit system.
Disk space: 16 GB for a 32 bit system or 20 GB for a 64 bit system.
A video card with support for Microsoft DirectX 9 and with the WDDM driver.
Display with a resolution of at least 800x600 pixels.[33]
Microsoft has the following requirements for manufacturers of devices with Windows 10 preinstalled:
The data in this section is as of March 18, 2015.
You can help by updating the information in the article.
Display with a diagonal from 2 to 7.99 inches.
At least 4 GB of built in storage.
microSD slot for devices with 4 GB of built in storage.
At least 512 MB for smartphones and small tablets with 32 bit chips.
Mandatory power buttons and volume buttons.
A headset connector is required.
At least 4 GB of RAM for devices with a screen resolution of 2560×2048.
At least 3 GB of RAM for devices with screen resolutions of 2048×1152 and 2560×1600.
At least 2 GB of RAM for resolutions 1440×900, 1920×1200 and 1920×1080.
At least 1 GB of RAM - for permissions 960×540, 1366×768, 1280×720 and 1024×720.
At least 512 MB of RAM for resolutions 800×480 and 854×480[34].
Editorial offices
Windows 10 has 8 editions[35]:
Windows 10 Home is the basic version for users of PCs, laptops and tablet computers.
It comes with laptops and netbooks.
Windows 10 Home for one language is completely similar to the Home edition, but the ability to change the language is disabled.
It comes with laptops and netbooks.
Windows 10 Home with Bing is a version of Windows 10 in which the default search engine in the Edge and Internet Explorer browsers is Bing, and it is impossible to change it.
Comes with some laptops.
Windows 10 Professional is a version for PCs, laptops and tablets with features for small businesses such as CYOD (choose your device).
Windows 10 Mobile version for smartphones and small tablets.
Windows 10 Enterprise is a version for larger businesses with advanced corporate resource management, security, etc.
Windows 10 for educational institutions is a "Professional" version for educational institutions.
Windows 10 Mobile Enterprise is a variant of the corporate version, adapted for mobile devices and touch with enhanced security.
Windows 10 IoT Home is a version for a variety of computer devices, such as terminals, robots, etc., with specific functions, for example, for use in payment terminals based on Windows tablets.
For the first time, we offer full versions of Windows 10 Home, Windows 10 Mobile and Windows 10 Professional as a simple and free update for devices running Windows 7, Windows 8.1 and Windows Phone 8.1, if the update is performed within a year from the release date of Windows 10 (devices must meet certain requirements) <...
> In addition, Windows 10 Corporate and Windows 10 Mobile Corporate editions will be available for specialized devices (ATMs, cash registers, manual terminals and industrial robotics, and a special edition of Windows 10 IoT Basic for compact, cost effective devices (network gateways, etc.). [35]
Notes
↑ Russian Windows Team.
The next generation of Windows.
Windows Blog Russia (January 26, 2015).
↑ 1 2 3 Windows 10 - Microsoft Windows ↑ The next generation of Windows.
MICROSOFT MICROSOFT CALLED WINDOWS 10 THE LATEST VERSION OF ITS OS, Hi tech.Mail.ru.
Last checked 8 may 2015.
↑ 1 2 Windows 10's privacy policy is the new normal / Ars Technica "Windows 10, however, shakes this up..."
↑ 1 2 Windows 10 does not offer much privacy by default: Here's how to fix it / Ars Technica, Aug 4, 2015 ↑ Microsoft's New Windows Marketing Boss Explains What Happened To Windows 9 // Business Insider, October 13, 2014.
↑ Home page Windows Insider Program ↑ Windows 10 is distributed on the principle of "torrents" ↑ Windows 10 uses your bandwidth to send other people updates ↑ About Windows 10 on the official Microsoft website ↑ Technical Specifications ↑ Questions and answers about the upgrade ↑ What you keep when you upgrade.
Microsoft Microsoft will allow you to upgrade to Windows 7 for free: Media: Lenta.ru ↑ 1 2 Microsoft has revealed the details of the update to Windows 10, which will be available on July 29 | OneTile.ru Microsoft Microsoft.
Questions and answers, as well as tips for Windows 10.
For information about the compliance of the editions during the update, see the section " Which edition of Windows will be installed during this free update?"
↑ Microsoft.
Technical specifications of Windows 10.
Information about the compliance of the revisions during the update can be found in the section "Windows Versions" ↑ 1 2 Privacy Statement (January 2015).
— " With your consent, we provide access to your data to third parties, including when it is necessary to perform transactions or provide services that you have requested or authorized.
Some data collected through the Program is provided to third parties.
For example, we may provide performance data on some component of your device's hardware or software to the manufacturer of this component in order to improve the component's performance with Microsoft products and services.
"Windows Windows 10's "Keylogger" Fiasco Has Been Blown Out of Proportion, Lifehacker (October,2014).
Verified on October 12, 2014.
Microsoft Microsoft told what data Windows 10 merges.
The Russian service of the BBC (7 January 2016).
— "Since the release of Windows 10 Microsoft keeps track of information about how the owners use it."
Retrieved on 13 January 2016.
↑ http://windows.microsoft.com/ru EN/windows 10/windows faq Windows 10 privacy and confidentiality / Microsoft ↑ http://windows.microsoft.com/en us/windows 10/location service privacy http://windows.microsoft.com/ru EN/windows 10/location service privacy ↑ http://windows.microsoft.com/en us/windows 10/cortana privacy faq http://windows.microsoft.com/ru EN/windows 10/cortana privacy faq ↑ http://windows.microsoft.com/en us/windows 10/speech inking typing privacy faq http://windows.microsoft.com/ru EN/windows 10/speech inking typing privacy faq ↑ What is dangerous in the new Windows?
- Meduza ↑ http://windows.microsoft.com/en us/windows 10/wi fi sense faq http://windows.microsoft.com/ru en/windows 10/wi fi sense faq Лев Levichev asked Roskomnadzor to check Microsoft because of Windows 10, INTERFAX.RU, August 21, 2015 ↑ Roskomnadzor did not find any inconsistencies with the law on information in Windows 10 / RIA Novosti, 2015-09-18 ↑ Microsoft was hit by a barrage of criticism because of Windows 10 surveillance of users ↑ Windows 10: Microsoft under attack over privacy ↑ It's Time to Criticize Windows 10 While We Still Have a Chance ↑ Technical specifications of Windows 10 and system requirements for its installation.
Microsoft.
↑ The hardware requirements for Windows 10 devices have become known (18.03.2015).
↑ 1 2 We present the editions of Windows 10( Rus.), Windows Russia Blog (May 20, 2015).
Verified on July 13, 2015.
Links
The Windows 10 Computer Technologies portal on Wikimedia Commons?
Information Technologies Project
microsoft.com/ru en / windows official website of Windows 10 Video review of Windows 10 from Microsoft Windows Blog Russia Lawyers read the license agreement of Windows 10 and grabbed their heads / / Liberatum.
Ru — - 01.08.2015.
The secret life of Windows 10.
What Windows 10 is knocking on Microsoft and how to make it stop / / Xakep.
Ru — - 03.09.2015.
Windows Major Versions
Shells over MS DOS: 1.0 x • 2.
x (2.1 x) • 3.
x
Windows 9x: 95 • 98 • ME
Windows NT: NT 3.1 • NT 3.5 • NT 3.51 • NT 4.0 • 2000 • XP • Vista • 7 • 8 • 8.1 • 10
Windows Server
2003 • Home (2011) • 2008 (HPC 2008 • R2) • Essential Business • MultiPoint • Small Business • 2012 (R2) • 2016
Specialized
Embedded (Automotive • POSReady) • PE • FLP
Mobile
Windows CE (1.0 • 2.0 • 3.0 • 4.0 • 5.0 • 6.0 • 7.0 • 2013) • Mobile • Phone • RT • 10 Mobile
Other projects
Xenix • OS/2 • Singularity • Midori • Closed: Neptune • Nashville • Odyssey • Cairo • Longhorn
Alternative implementations
ReactOS • Wine
Source — "https://ru.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Windows 10&oldid=75924792"
Categories: Software alphabetically Operating systems developed in 2014 Windows NT ARM family of operating systems
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