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Colonization of North America
Content 1.
The first colonies in North America 2.
Reasons for the colonization of America 3.
English Colonies in America 3.1.
Thirteen (13) colonies 4.
Features of the colonization of North America 4.1.
The economy of the colonies 4.2.
Slavery in the colonies
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Main Article: US History
Content 1.
The first colonies in North America 2.
Reasons for the colonization of America 3.
English Colonies in America 3.1.
Thirteen (13) colonies 4.
Features of the colonization of North America 4.1.
The economy of the colonies 4.2.
Slavery in the colonies
The first colonies in North America
Since the era of Great geographical Discoveries, America has always attracted the attention of Europeans.
The Spanish conquistadors were the first to come to the lands that subsequently became part of the United States.
Almost half of the Viceroyalty of New Spain founded by them was located where Texas, California, New Mexico, etc. are located today.
The Spanish origin also has the name of the state of Florida — this is how the Spaniards called the lands they knew in the south east of North America.
In the valley of the Hudson River, the colony of New Netherlands arose; to the south, in the valley of the Delaware River, New Sweden.
Louisiana, which occupied vast territories in the basin of the largest river on the continent, the Mississippi, was the possession of France.
In the XVIII century, the northwestern part of the continent, modern Alaska, began to be developed by Russian industrialists.
But the most impressive successes in the colonization of North America were achieved by the British.
Reasons for the colonization of America
For immigrants from the British Isles and from other European countries across the ocean, wide material opportunities opened up, the hope of free labor and personal enrichment attracted them here.
America was also attracted by its religious freedom.
Many Englishmen moved to America during the revolutionary upheavals of the mid XVII century.
Religious sectarians, ruined peasants, and the urban poor were all in the colony.
All kinds of adventurers and adventurers also rushed across the ocean; criminal criminals were exiled.
The Irish and Scots fled here when life in their homeland became completely unbearable.
English colonies in America
Thirteen (13) colonies
The systematic colonization of North America began after the establishment of the Stuart dynasty on the English throne.
The first British colony of Jamestown was founded in 1607 in Virginia.
Then, as a result of the mass migration of English Puritans overseas, the development of New England began.
The first Pu Ritan colony on the territory of the modern state of Massachu Sets appeared in 1620.
In the following years, immigrants from Mas Sachusets, dissatisfied with the religious intolerance that reigned there, founded the colonies of Connecticut and Rhode Island.
After the "Glorious Revolution", the colony of New Hampshire separated from Massachusetts.
On the lands north of Virginia, granted by Charles I to Lord Baltimore, the colony of Maryland was founded in 1632.
On the lands located between Virginia and New England, the Dutch and Swedish colonists were the first to appear, but in 1664 they were captured by the British.
New Netherlands was renamed the colony of New York, and the colony of New Jersey arose to the south of it.
In 1681, W. Penn received a royal charter for lands north of Maryland.
In honor of his father, the famous admiral, but the colony was named Pennsylvania.
During the XVIII century, Delaware was separated from it.
In 1663, the settlement of the territory south of Virginia began, where the colonies of North Carolina and South Carolina later appeared.
In 1732, King George (George) II allowed the development of the lands between South Carolina and Spanish Florida, which were named Georgia in his honor.
Five more British colonies were founded on the territory of modern Canada.
Features of the colonization of North America
There were various forms of representative government in all the colonies, but the majority of the population was deprived of the right to vote.
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The economy of the colonies
The colonies differed greatly in the types of economic activity.
In the north, where small scale farming prevailed, domestic crafts related to it developed, foreign trade, shipping and marine crafts were widely developed.
In the south, large agricultural plantations dominated, on which tobacco, cotton, and rice were grown.
The growing production required workers.
The presence of undeveloped territories to the west of the borders of the colonies doomed any attempts to turn the poor whites into hired labor, since there was always an opportunity for them to leave for free lands.
It was not possible to force the Indians to work for the white masters.
Those of them who were tried to make slaves quickly died in captivity, and the endless war that was waged by the settlers against the Indians led to the mass extermination of the red skinned aborigines of America.
The problem with the labor force was solved by the mass import of slaves from Africa, who were called Negroes in America.
The slave trade became the most important factor in the development of the colonies, especially the southern ones.
By the end of the XVII century, Negroes became the predominant labor force and the actual basis of plantation economy in the south.
Categories:
Colonization of America History of North America Geopolitics Colonialism History of the United States
Questions for this article: Tell us about the colonization of America.
What are the reasons for mass emigration to America?
What are the features of economic life in the northern and southern colonies of North America?
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