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References RSS Biography of O. Henry
09:3011.09.2012380972 September 11, 2012 marks the 150th anniversary of the birth of the American writer O. Henry.
© Photo: Public Domain
September 11, 2012 marks the 150th anniversary of the birth of the American writer O. Henry.
The novelist, journalist, master of the genre of "short stories" O. Henry (O. Henry), real name William Sydney Porter, was born on September 11, 1862 in Greensboro, North Carolina (USA).
William's father was a doctor.
At the age of three, the child lost his mother and was raised by his aunt Evelina Porter, who ran a private school for girls, where he received his primary education.
In 1879-1881, William worked in his uncle's pharmacy, but due to health problems, he moved to a ranch in Texas.
There he met Atoll Estes, who became his wife in 1887.
In 1882, William Porter moved to Austin, where he worked as a pharmacist, bank employee and correspondent.
Porter's first literary experiments date back to the early 1880s.
In 1894, William Porter began publishing a weekly humorous magazine, The Rolling Stone, in Austin, almost completely filling it with his own essays, poems and drawings.
A year later, the magazine closed, Porter moved with his family to Houston, where he began working as a columnist, reporter and, concurrently, a cartoonist for a local newspaper.
An audit conducted at the bank where William Porter previously worked found a shortage, he was accused of embezzlement and had to appear in court.
Porter's son in law posted bail to release him from court, but in 1896, William escaped from prison and reached Honduras via New Orleans.
In February 1897, after learning about his wife's terminal illness, he returned to Austin, where he was immediately arrested.
The trial was postponed until the death of Atoll Estes (July 25, 1897), after which Porter was sentenced to five years in the Federal Prison in Columbus, Ohio (from April 25, 1898).
In prison, William Porter worked in the infirmary, he was given a separate room where he had the opportunity to write stories.
During the first two years of his prison term, 14 of his stories appeared in New York magazines, published under various pseudonyms (Oliver Henry, S. H. Peters, James L. Bliss, T. B. Dowd, Howard Clark).
The writer also wrote his first story in prison under the pseudonym O. Henry - "Dick the Whistler's Christmas Gift", published in 1899 in McClure's Magazine.
There are several versions of the origin of the pseudonym O. Henry.
According to one of them, the name of Henry was taken from the social news column in the newspaper, and the initial "O" was chosen by the writer "as the simplest letter".
According to another version, the pseudonym was formed on behalf of the French pharmacist Etienne Ocean Henry, whose medical reference book was popular at that time.
On July 24, 1901, the writer was released from prison ahead of schedule for exemplary behavior.
In the spring of 1902, O. Henry moved to New York.
At the end of 1903, he signed a contract with the New York edition of the World for the weekly delivery of a short Sunday story – at $ 100 per story, the writer's annual salary was equal to the income of popular American novelists.
O. Henry worked at a high pace, at the same time writing stories for other periodicals.
Despite this, according to the writer himself, he did not know how to manage money and had a lot of debts.
Emmanuel Kaminka reads the story of O. Henry "The Chief of the Redskins" Your browser does not support HTML5 audio
In 1904, O. Henry's first collection "Cabbages and Kings" was published - a cycle of short stories connected by a common plot.
It was followed by collections of short stories: "Four million" (The four million, 1906), "The Burning Lamp" (The trimmed Lamp, 1907), "Heart of the West" (Heart of the West, 1907), "The Voice of the City" (The Voice of the City, 1908), "The Noble Crook" (The Gentle Grafter, 1908), "Roads of Destiny" (Roads of Destiny, 1909), "Favorites" (Options, 1909), "Exact Deeds" (Strictly Business, 1910) and "Rotation" (Whirligigs, 1910).
In 1907, the writer married Sarah Lindsay Coleman and moved with his daughter to his wife in Asheville, North Carolina.
However, in 1909, they separated.
The writer sought solitude, avoided social receptions, did not give interviews.
O. Henry spent the last weeks of his life alone in a hotel room in New York.
He was very ill, drank a lot and could no longer work.
On June 5, 1910, O. Henry died in a New York hospital from diabetes and cirrhosis of the liver.
O. Henry is a recognized master of the "short story" genre, he has written more than 300 short stories, the complete collection of works is 18 volumes.
O. Henry's heroes are millionaires, cowboys, speculators, clerks, laundresses, bandits, financiers, politicians, writers, artists, artists, workers, engineers, firefighters and others.
The writer's stories are characterized by subtle humor and an unexpected denouement of the plot.
In 1918, the annual O. Henry Literary Award for the best Short story (O. Henry Award) was established in honor of the writer, which is awarded to American and Canadian authors.
The stories are published in the collection The O. Henry Prize Stories.
The winners in different years were Truman Capote, William Faulkner, Flannery O'Connor, John Updike, Woody Allen, Stephen King and others.
Based on the stories of O. Henry, several films were made, including the Soviet film "The Great Comforter" (1933), the American film " The Leader of the Redskins and Others..." (O. Henry's Full House, 1952), as well as the trilogy of director Leonid Gaidai "Business People" (1963), which included short films "The Roads we choose", "Kindred Spirits", "The Leader of the Redskins".
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<div style= "margin:0 !important; padding:15px !important; background:#ffffff !important; border:1px solid #ccc !important; overflow:hidden !important;" ><div style= "float:left !important; margin:3px 10px 0 0 !important;" ><a href="http://ria.ru/spravka/20120911/747151045.html"><img src="http://cdn13.img22.ria.ru/images/74715/51/747155104.jpg" width= "120" height= " 83 "alt=" American writer O. Henry "title=" American writer O. Henry "></a>< / div><h3 style= " font:bold 14px Georgia !important; margin:5px 0 10px 0 !important;"><a href="http://ria.ru/spravka/20120911/747151045.html" style= "color:#333 !important; text decoration:none !important; padding:0 !important;" >Biography of O. Henry</a>< / h3><div style= " overflow:hidden !important; zoom:1; font:11px Georgia !important; color:#333 !important;"><div style= "color:#369; font:11px Arial !important; margin bottom: 4px;" >09:
30 11/09/2012</div>September 11, 2012 marks the 150th anniversary of the birth of American writer O. Henry.
<div style="margin top:5px;"><a href="http://ria.ru/spravka/20120911/747151045.html" style="color:#369;">Learn more "</a>< / div>< / div>< / div>
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<div style= "margin:0 !important; padding:15px !important; background:#ffffff !important; border:1px solid #ccc !important; overflow:hidden !important;" ><div style= "float:left !important; margin:3px 10px 0 0 !important;" ><a href="http://ria.ru/spravka/20120911/747151045.html"><img src="http://cdn13.img22.ria.ru/images/74715/51/747155104.jpg" width= "120" height= " 83 "alt=" American writer O. Henry "title=" American writer O. Henry "></a>< / div><h3 style= " font:bold 14px Georgia !important; margin:5px 0 10px 0 !important;"><a href="http://ria.ru/spravka/20120911/747151045.html" style= "color:#333 !important; text decoration:none !important; padding:0 !important;" >Biography of O. Henry</a>< / h3><div style= " overflow:hidden !important; zoom:1; font:11px Georgia !important; color:#333 !important;"><div style= "color:#369; font:11px Arial !important; margin bottom: 4px;" >09:
30 11/09/2012</div>September 11, 2012 marks the 150th anniversary of the birth of American writer O. Henry.
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