James Cook is a great English navigator and explorer.
An officer of the British Navy.
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Who is James Cook?
Mariner, cartographer, explorer and discoverer.
A leading expert of his time on the Pacific Ocean and especially its southern part.
He explored and mapped the territory of the Gulf and the St. Lawrence River (Canada).
He made three circumnavigations of the world on the instructions of the British Admiralty for military scientific purposes.
The first explorer of the South polar seas and Antarctica.
He belongs to the category of self made man personalities, that is, those who owe their achievements only to themselves.
In Russia, his surname is widely known thanks to the song by Vladimir Vysotsky "Why did the Aborigines eat the Cook" Cook did not discover new continents, new oceans or unknown routes, like the first travelers of the Era of Great Geographical Discoveries.
But his name is in the most honorable place among geographers and researchers.
James Cook was born on November 7, 1728.
The entire biography of Cook can be divided into 5 periods
Childhood, youth, sailing on commercial ships.
The Navy and the exploration of the Bay and the St. Petersburg River.
Lavrentia
The first round the world expedition
The second round the world expedition
The third round the world expedition
Historians claim that D. Cook came from a farmhand family, was born in the village of Marton in North Yorkshire.
From an early age, he was forced to earn his own bread.
Accustomed to work, inquisitive, intelligent and responsible – this was how young James could be characterized.
In search of a better life, the Cook family moves to the village of Great Ayton.
James begins to study at school.
Now in this school there is a museum of J. Cook.
After studying for five years, the young man begins to work on his father's farm.
Soon realizing that working on a farm, you canot go out to people or see the world, Cook, at the age of 18, is hired as a cabin boy on a coal miner called " Hercules " (according to other sources," Freelave " of the shipowners of the Walker brothers.
After sailing on it for two (!) years, Cook was transferred to the ship "Three Brothers"for his efforts and diligence.
Those who at that time communicated with J. Cook confirms that Cook spent all his free time reading books, studying mathematics, astronomy, geography, and especially navigation on his own.
In addition, he was very interested in descriptions of sea expeditions.
After that, Cook decided to go to the Baltic Sea on other ships, but after three years he again returns to the Walker brothers.
In 1755, Cook took the position of assistant captain on the ship "Friendship".
Then the shipowners made him an offer to become a captain, but Cook refuses.
Unexpectedly for everyone, on June 17, 1755, he enlisted as a simple sailor in the Royal Navy.
And after 8 days, he is sent to serve on a ship called "Eagle" ("Eagle" in our language).
This fact speaks only about the seriousness of Cook's intentions to devote himself to a cause of national importance.
To refuse the post of captain of a merchant ship in favor of an ordinary sailor – only a far sighted and self confident person could make such a castling!
Cook, of course, understood that with his experience he would not stay long in the sailors.
And the civil service is a much more reliable and serious matter than transporting coal in the holds.
And in a month he is appointed a boatswain!
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More pages about James Cook and his expeditions
James Cook A history of travel and discovery
Cook in the Gulf of St. Lawrence
James Cook the first circumnavigation of the world (1768-1771)
The second circumnavigation of the world by James Cook (1772-1775)
Cook's last Expedition (1776-1779) in which he was eaten
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Vespucci
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Cabot
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Drake
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Tasman
James
Cook
Thomas
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and the pioneers
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Geography and Travel
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