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Austin, Jane
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Jane Austen Jane Austen
Portrait of Jane Austen, 1873 Date of birth: December 16, 1775 (1775-12-16)
Place of birth: Steventon, Hampshire, England
Date of death: July 18, 1817 (1817-07-18) (41 years old)
Place of death: Winchester, England
Buried: Winchester Cathedral
Citizenship: Great Britain
Occupation: writer
Direction: Realism
Genre: love story
Language of works: English
Signature:
Works on the site Lib.ru Works in Wikitek Files on Wikimedia Commons
Jane Austen (possibly spelled Austen, December 16, 1775 July 18, 1817) was an English writer, a forerunner of realism in British literature, a satirist, wrote so — called moral novels.
Her books are recognized masterpieces and conquer with their artless sincerity and simplicity of the plot against the background of a deep psychological penetration into the souls of the characters and ironic, soft, truly "English" humor.
Jane Austen is still rightfully considered the" First Lady " of English literature.
Her works are mandatory for study in all colleges and universities in the UK.
Content
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1 Biography 1.1 Family 1.2 Youth 1.3 Influence on creativity
2 List of works 2.1 Youth works (Juvenile) 2.2 Novels 2.3 Unfinished works
3 Filmography about Jane Austen 4 Film Adaptations 5 Bibliography 6 Notes 7 References
Biography[edit / edit wiki text]
Family[edit / edit wiki text]
Jane Austen House Museum
Jane Austen was born on December 16, 1775 in the town of Steventon (Hampshire).
Her father, George Austin, was a parish priest[1].
He came from an old Kentish family, was an enlightened and widely educated man.
His wife, Cassandra Lee, also belonged to an old but impoverished family.
In addition to Jane, there were six boys and one girl (Cassandra) in the family.
Jane Austen was the penultimate child.
Jane Austen, drawing by Cassandra Austen, circa 1810
Despite the high infant mortality rate in those years, all of them survived.
The older brother, James (1765-1819), had a penchant for literary pursuits: he wrote poetry and prose, but followed in his father's footsteps.
The family preferred not to talk about the second brother, George (1766-1838): he was mentally disabled, he never learned to speak.
For his sake, Jane studied the alphabet of the dumb.
The third brother, Edward (1767-1852), was adopted by rich childless relatives of the Austin Knights, which opened up wide opportunities for him — he moved from the gentry to the nobility.
The brightest and most romantic fate was that of Jane Austen's fourth, beloved brother, Henry Thomas (1771-1850).
A man who is fond of and not very practical, he has tried many professions in his lifetime: he served in the army, was a banker, initially succeeded, but then went bankrupt, took orders.
He was married to Eliza de Feyd, the widow of a French nobleman who ended his days on the guillotine.
Eliza had a lot of influence on Jane.
It is to Eliza that she owes a good knowledge of the French language and French authors: La Rochefoucauld, Montaigne, Labruyer, as well as a love of the theater.
Two other brothers, Francis William and Charles John, were military sailors, and rose to the rank of admiral.
But Jane had a special friendship with her sister Cassandra.
With her, she shared all her plans and initiated her into her secrets.
Cassandra, of course, knew the name of the person to whom Jane Austen was faithful, Jane died in Cassandra's arms.
Cassandra, like her sister, never got married.
Her chosen one, a young priest Thomas Fowle, died of yellow fever in the West Indies, where he went in the hope of earning money for the upcoming wedding.
When he died, Cassandra was already twenty four years old.
Youth[edit / edit wiki text]
Much less definite information is available about the writer herself.
Opinions of contemporaries differ even about her appearance.
Jane is "not pretty at all, she is prim for her twelve years, capricious and unnatural," so her cousin Philadelphia said (see in French).
[source not specified 2037 days].
"She is attractive, pretty, thin and elegant, only her cheeks are a little round," said the brother of her close friend[source not specified 2037 days].
Cassandra's portrait of Jane is similar to this description.
Jane Austen loved dresses, balls, fun.
Her letters are full of descriptions of the styles of hats, stories about new dresses and gentlemen.
Fun was combined in her with a natural mind and a decent education, especially for a girl of her circle and position, who had not even graduated from school.
In the period from 1783 to 1786, together with her sister Cassandra, she studied at Oxford, Southampton and Reading.
Jane had no luck with schools; in the first one, she and Cassandra suffered from the domineering temper of the headmistress and almost died after contracting typhus.
Another school in Reading, on the contrary, was run by a very good natured person, but the knowledge of the students was the last concern of her life.
After returning his daughters home, George Austin decided to take up their education himself and was very successful in this.
Skilfully directing their reading, he instilled in the girls a good literary taste, taught them to love classical authors, whom he knew perfectly well by his own occupation.
Shakespeare, Goldsmith, Hume were read.
They were also fond of novels, reading such authors as Ridcharson, Fielding, Stern, Maria Edgeworth, Fanny Burney.
Among the poets, Cowper, Thomson, and Thomas Gray were preferred.
The formation of Jane Austen's personality took place in an intellectual environment — among books, constant conversations about literature, discussions of what was read and what was happening.
Although the writer spent her entire short life in the provinces, Steventon, Bath, Chotan, Winchester, only occasionally traveling to London, the big world with its events and cataclysms: wars, uprisings, revolutions — constantly broke into the outwardly calm and measured existence of the daughter of an English priest.
Influence on creativity[edit / edit wiki text]
Jane Austen's youth and maturity fell on troubled times: there were the Napoleonic Wars, the War of Independence in North America, England was engulfed by an industrial revolution, the first Luddite demonstrations had already swept through it, Ireland was engulfed by uprisings.
Jane Austen was in a lively correspondence with her brothers, their wives, distant relatives, and some of them were direct participants in historical events.
The French Revolution radically changed the fate of Eliza de Feyd, the brothers Charles and Francis went to war with France.
Cassandra's fiance died in the West Indies; for several years, the son of the former governor of India, Warren Hastings, was raised in the Austin family.
The letters provided Jane Austen with invaluable material for her novels.
And although there is no story about wars or revolutions in any of them, and the action is never taken outside of England, the influence of what is happening around is especially noticeable, for example, in her last novel "Arguments of Reason", where there are many sailors who have just returned to land after military operations, distinguished themselves in battles, sailed to the West Indies.
However, Austen did not consider herself competent to write in detail about the military operations and the beginning of the colonial expansion of England.
Restraint is not only a feature of Austin's creative appearance, but also an integral part of her life position.
Austin came from a family with strong English traditions: they were able to feel and experience deeply, but at the same time they were restrained in the manifestation of feelings.
Jane Austen never married.
When Jane was 20 years old, she had an affair with a neighbor, Thomas Lefroy, the future Lord Chief Justice of Ireland, and at that time a law student.
However, the marriage of young people would be impractical, since both families were relatively poor and hoped to use the marriages of their offspring to improve their material and social status, so Jane and Tom had to separate.
At the age of thirty, Jane put on a cap, thereby announcing to the world that she was now an old maid who had said goodbye to the hopes of personal happiness, although she had been proposed to once.
The Austins had never been rich, and after their father's death, their financial circumstances became even more straitened.
Jane sewed the family and helped her mother with the housework.
The writer died on July 18, 1817 in Winchester, where she went to be treated for Addison's disease.
Before her death, she did not have time to finish her last novel, "Sanditon".
She is buried in Winchester Cathedral.
List of works[edit / edit wiki text]
There were two periods in Austen's work: in 1795-1798, the early novels were created; 1811-1816 - the period of writing famous novels, such as "Pride and Prejudice" and "Feeling and Sensitivity".
Youth works (Juvenile)[edit / edit wiki text]
Three Sisters (eng.
The Three Sisters) Love and friendship( English: Love and Freindship), with the famous typo in the word "friendship" in the title.
The History of England (eng.
The History of England) The beautiful Cassandra (eng.
The Beautifull Cassandra)
Novels[edit / edit wiki text]
Sense and sensibility or "Reason and feelings" (English: Sense and Sensibility) (1811) Pride and Prejudice (1813) Mansfield Park (1814) Emma (English: Emma) (1816) Arguments of Reason (English Persuasion) (1817), published posthumously Northanger Abbey (English Northanger Abbey) (1818), published posthumously
Unfinished works[edit / edit wiki text]
Lady Susan, an epistolary novel by the Watsons The Watsons), Sanditon is not completed, Lesley Castle is not completed, Historical LR
Filmography about Jane Austen[edit / edit wiki text]
"The Real Jane Austen", 2002, UK, TV movie.
Directed by Nikki Pattison, the role of Jane is Gillian Kearney.
"Jane Austen's Love Failures"("Miss Austen Regrets"), 2007, Great Britain.
Directed by Jeremy Lovering, the role of Jane is played by Olivia Williams.
"Jane Austen", 2007, Great Britain.
Directed by Julian Jarrold, as Jane Anne Hathaway.
"Life according to Jane Austen", 2007 a story about people united in a club of admirers of the writer Jane Austen.
USA, dramas, melodramas.
Directed by Robin Swicord.
"Austenland" (Austenland), 2013, USA.
Comedy, romance.
Directed by Jerusha Hess.
Starring Keri Russell.
A young woman who is passionate about Austen's novels goes to England, to the Austinland theme park, to immerse herself in the atmosphere of her favorite books.
Film adaptations[edit / edit wiki text]
Many films and TV series have been made based on the novels of Jane Austen and their motives:
[show] Movies based on Jane Austen's novels Adaptations of the novels Pride and Prejudice 1938 · 1940 · 1952 · 1958 · 1967 · 1980 · 1995 · 2005 Arguments of reason 1960 · 1971 · 1995 · 2007 Mansfield Park 1983 · 1999 · 2007 Northanger Abbey 1986 · 2007 Sense and Sensibility 1971 · 1981 · 1995 · 2000 · 2008 Emma 1948 · 1960 · 1972 · 1996 · 1996 · 2009 Derivative film adaptations of Jane Austen in Manhattan · Stupid · Pride and Prejudice · The Bride and Prejudice · Life by Jane Austen · The Revived Book by Jane Austen · Aisha · Prada and Feelings
Jane Austen
Bibliography[edit / edit wiki text]
Kettle A.
Introduction to the history of the English novel.
- M., 1966; Belsky A. A. English novel of the 1800s 1810s.
- Perm, 1968.
- pp.
47-107; Jane Austen.
The critical heritage.
Ed. by B. C. Southam.
— L.-N.
Y., [1969]; Mansell D.
The novels of Jane Austen.
— London, 1973; Chapman R. W. Jane Austen.
A critical bibliography.
— London, 1969; Hardwick M.
The Osprey guide to Jane Austen, Reading.
— [1973].
Notes[edit / edit wiki text]
↑ Austen // Brockhaus and Efron's Encyclopedic Dictionary: in 86 vols.
(82 volumes and 4 supplements).
- St. Petersburg, 1890-1907.
Links[edit / edit wiki text]
On Wikimedia Commons there are media files on the topic of Jane Austen A website about Jane Austen, her books, film adaptations of her books, the filmography of the writer
There is a page on the topic in Wikicitatnik
Jane Austen
[show] Jane Austen General Chronology of life and creativity · History of the adoption of works · In Popular Culture · "Biography of Jane Austen" · Janetism · The Jane Austen Center · The House Museum People of Catherine Hubbeck · Frances Austen · Cassandra Austen · Thomas Lefroy · Charles Austen Novels Sense and Sensibility (1811) · Pride and Prejudice (1813) · Mansfield Park (1814) · Emma (1815) · Northanger Abbey (1817) · Arguments of Reason (1818) Minor works of Lady Susan · Sanditon (not completed) · Watsons (not completed) Early works Love and Friendship * The Beautiful Cassandra · A History of England · Three Sisters Characters Fitzwilliam Darcy · Elizabeth Bennet · Eleanor Dashwood ·
Marianne Dashwood · Edward Ferrars · John Willoughby · Colonel Brandon · Ann Elliot · Frederick Wentworth · Fanny Price · Edmund Bertram * Maria Bertram · Thomas Bertram · Henry Crawford · Mary Crawford · Emma Woodhouse · George Knightley Biographies The Real Jane Austen · Jane Austen · Jane Austen's Love Failures
Movies based on the novels of Jane Austen
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AlloCiné · Internet Movie Database · MusicBrainz · Project Gutenberg · Internet Speculative Fiction Database · Find a Grave
Dictionaries and encyclopedias of Brockhaus and Efron · Small Brockhaus and Efron · Britannica (11 th) * Oxford Biographical Dictionary
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Categories: Born on December 16, Born in 1775, Alphabetical personalities Born in Hampshire Who died on July 18, Died in 1817, Died in Winchester (England), Buried in Winchester Cathedral, Alphabetical writers Jane Austen Writers of Great Britain Who died of tuberculosis, Authors of romance novels English writers of the XIX century
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