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Jane Austen
Jane Austen
Birthday: 16.12.1775
Age: 41 years
Place of birth: Steventon, Hampshire, United Kingdom Date of death: 18.07.1817 Place of death: Winchester, United Kingdom
Citizenship: Great Britain
Similar: Jane, Austen, Jane, Austin
Biography
A writer, a classic of English and world literature, the founder of the family, "ladies ' novel".
Her books " Feelings and Sensitivity "(1811), " Pride and Prejudice "(1813),"Mansfield Park "(1814) and" Emma "(1815) are considered recognized masterpieces and conquer with artless sincerity and simplicity of the plot, against the background of deep psychological penetration into the souls of the characters and ironic, soft, truly" English " humor.
Jane Austen is still considered by right the "First Lady" of English literature.
Her works are mandatory for study in all colleges and universities in the UK.
Austen's creativity is characterized by a constant striving for perfection.
For the first time, she used in the genre of the novel "a view from the outside"," the voice of the author".
She died at the age of 42.
Her last novel, "Sanditon" (1817), even as an unfinished passage, arouses genuine interest in the reader.
Author: Svetlana Makarenko
Website: Celebrities
Svetlana Makarenko, April 6, 2002
She was called: "the Incomparable Jane", based on her novels, English young ladies of noble and non - noble families were brought up and tested, honed their literary taste, she still attracts and enchants filmmakers, memorial centers and museums are being created all over the world, literary clubs named after her.
There is even a website on the Internet, which is updated daily - weekly with critical articles and essays dedicated to the work of "Miss English Novel"!
But I'm afraid that her life is still as much a mystery to us as before, as it was more than two hundred years ago!
Not much is known about her, although Jane's family, devoted to her memory, reverently preserved her writings: everything, including unfinished passages!
But the trouble is, she almost did not keep diaries, and her letters either did not survive, or are buried in the archives.
And the translation into Russian of documents almost three hundred years ago seems to many to be a boring, if not worthless task.
I will try to tell you the little that I managed to learn, collect, systematize, generalize.
What I had a chance to reflect on and managed to draw conclusions.
It's up to you to judge whether it worked out:
Jane Austen was born on December 16, 1775 in Steventon, (Hampshire) England, in the family of a rural pastor.
Besides her, there were six other brothers and a sister in the family.
Jane could not get a systematic education due to lack of funds, but, having a remarkable talent and a strong will, an open and cheerful character, she did a lot of self education, read and, together with her brothers and sister, analyzed what she read, writing everything down in a notebook.
The family of the village priest not only read the Bible and spiritual books, but also played speculations charades, jokes and sketches, read novels and argued about what they read, enthusiastically and attentively listening to the opinion of Jane, who could grasp the essence of the book read in two or three words and with an indescribable sense of humor, in faces, retell several scenes of the novel from memory.
At the age of fourteen, Jane wrote her first parody a joke called "Love and Friendship" - on the edifying opuses of the 18th century with sentimentally boring heroes and heroines sniffing roses, sobbing over them, and fainting every five minutes!
Yes, what novels!
She also composed a great parody a pamphlet on the" History of England " by O. Goldsmith - a fundamental work of a political historian!
This dusty folio was kept in a closet in her father's office, and Jane was not too lazy to study it, meticulously and carefully.
A local doctor who came to visit his father listened to Jane's reading for a long time and with interest , praised her for reading interesting, serious books, and when he learned that the girl had presented her own playful work to his attention, he was amazed, laughed, shook his gray head in surprise, and then told his neighbors patients for a long time about what a clever little Jane the pastor's daughter, not only can make bouquets and pour tea into porcelain cups!
However, Jane also enjoyed the chores around the house.
There are evidences that living quite isolated and secluded, rarely leaving the estate, she nevertheless maintained an even and amiable disposition, a smile almost never left her face, and until the end of her days, overshadowed by a serious illness - as far as can be judged from the documents, she had signs of a cancerous tumor, with severe metastases throughout the body (the author) - she remained a favorite of her nephews, brothers, mother and ,especially, father!
Neither she nor her sister got married.
Whether Miss Jane's scanty dowry played a role here, or her plainness - external - or a great degree of independence and intelligence, which was noticeable in her almost immediately, it is difficult to judge.
It is not known whether Jane herself had sincere feelings for anyone.
She preferred to lock up her soul and heart, openly, fully, expressing herself only in her books, which became famous during her lifetime.
By the way, she published absolutely all of them under the pseudonym: "a certain Lady D" and, of course, she could not fully enjoy her fame, but, nevertheless, after reading in the English newspapers an analysis of her novel "Emma" by Sir Walter Scott himself (he reviewed the book almost immediately after its release, in 1816 - the author) she felt really happy!
Walter Scott, reviewing this last novel of the writer, published during her lifetime, noted that the main thing in Austen's works is "the finest touch, thanks to which even vulgar events and characters become interesting from the truthfulness of descriptions and feelings."
Austin doesnot put himself above his characters.
She only teases them a little.
There are no completely bad people in "Emma".
Even the sloppy Frank Churchill has a decent apology and a wonderful wife.
Such a good natured attitude to the characters probably comes from the author's own character she had a wonderful sense of humor and irony, but she was always restrained by tact and rare kindliness, as a result, irony could rarely turn into sarcasm.
There is sometimes a certain predilection of Jane for the topic of "hunting for suitors", which she develops and shows from different sides in most of her novels.
Even tactlessly, as the reason for such an obsessive plot of works, the "old schoolism" of Jane Austen herself is mentioned!
But, I think, the last fact did not matter here at all.
Jane Austen is a master of everyday writing, a master of the most subtle portrayal of characters and faces through the prism of irony, humor, unobtrusive reasoning, shows us with the help of "an unpretentious chronicle of the life of two or three families" the history of feelings and souls, the struggle of the dark and light in the character of a person, somewhere perhaps the history of a national type, the history of the country through a piece of the life of an individual, the whole history of an epoch in one, sharply outlined, memorable character.
What are the heroes of the novel "Pride and Prejudice": Miss Elizabeth Bennet, her father, always immersed in thoughts and books; a disheveled and always clucking like a chicken, a mother who is concerned only with social gossip and the easy arrangement of the fate of her daughters!
Or a cartoon portrait of a young girl from the novel "Northanger Abbey", who was obsessed with Gothic horror novels and seriously believed that real life was also full of mystical ghosts !
Jane was constantly improving her skills.
She tried several forms of the novel and they were all finished, even if they remained magically imperfect under her light and volatile pen, which increasingly fell out of her thin fingers: from periodic pains, she could no longer hold it for long!
She tried all forms of novelistic prose, she even wrote a small novel a short story in letters "Lady Susanna" - a bright and intriguing portrait of a heartless society lady and an epic novel (in a small form)" Mansfield Park", with a large number of actors and a lot of plot lines.
Both novels were very popular, in the fashionable drawing rooms of London they did not get tired of wondering who this mysterious lady was, who gave readers a new book every year - one is more interesting than the other!
Novels were borrowed from each other, read to dilapidation, the young ladies both reasoned and behaved like the heroines of "Lady D", and she still enjoyed the silence of the small estate and quietly faded, despite all the attempts of her relatives to help her.
Outwardly, her life was uneventful.
She lived hundreds of other lives in her books, where her heroines laughed, fell in love, ironized and made fun of themselves and their loved ones, despaired and fought for their love to the end.
Was the "lady of the English novel" happy in her own way?
She did not put herself above her heroines.
I didnot identify with them.
She simply created her own world, in which she lived not only "by right of the author", but also "by right of feeling and heart attraction".
And continues to live to this day.
Jane died on July 18, 1817 in Winchester.
Before her death, she was trying to finish her last novel, "Sanditon".
She did not finish writing only a few pages, leaving her readers with an eternal riddle by the name: "Jane Austen".
The writer's family conscientiously collected and stored everything she wrote.
Even the rough scraps.
These three thick volumes, bound by hand, became the basis for the complete works of Jane Austen, released exactly one hundred years after her death!
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Date of publication: 02.02.2002 01: 02:03
Tell me what you think...
My impressions...
Dion 2007-01-04 00:32:18
When I first read Jane Austen's novel "Pride and Prejudice", I realized that there is such a strong and great feeling in life as love.
I used to have to read sentimental novels, romantic films by genre, but... nothing has captured me so much as this book!
austin annabel 2009-02-12 23:04:42
a completely shocking writer!all the experiences described in her novels are felt together with the characters.
Super!!!!!!!
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