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Wheel of the Year
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The Wheel of the Year is an annual cycle of holidays that exists among the followers of Wicca and modern European pagans, for whom it is characteristic to observe all festivals.
However, the celebration of individual holidays (sometimes under other names) has a long history among the peoples of Europe.
It consists of eight holidays that occur at more or less equal intervals.
This cycle is based on the changes in the path of the Sun along the celestial sphere observed from the Earth during the year.
There is no consensus on which holiday is considered the first of the year — in the Wiccan tradition it is Samhain (Halloween), in the Scandinavian tradition it is Yule.
The traditional attitude of Christians to this calendar is ambiguous — on the one hand, its use is extremely condemned, on the other many revered Christian holidays coincide in date with the holidays of the wheel of the year.
In English, these Christian holidays often have pre Christian names: Easter Easter( Ostara), Candlemass Candlemass (Imbolk), etc.
Among the Scandinavian peoples, Yule (fin. Joulu) is used to name Christmas (Kolyada).
Traditionally, these holidays are associated with the Celtic tradition (for example, Samhain is often called the Celtic New Year), nevertheless, these holidays exist among many non Celtic peoples of Europe, including non Indo European ones (for example, the Finns have holidays with similar rituals on these days).
Content
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1 Holidays of the wheel of the year 2 Finnish wheel of the year 3 Holidays of the wheel of the year in fiction 4 Notes 5 References
Holidays of the wheel of the year[edit / edit wiki text] Samhain (Samhain) — night from October 31 to November 1 Yule — Yule) - winter solstice Imbolc — Imbolc) - February 1-2 Ostara (Ostara) - spring equinox Bealtaine — Beltane) - night from April 30 to May 1 Litha (Lita) - summer solstice Lughnasadh (Lunasa) — August 1-2 Mabon — Meibon) - autumn equinox Finnish wheel of the year[edit / edit wiki text] Joulu (Talvipäivänseisaus, Talvijuhla) - Christmas, ("winter solstice", "winter holiday").
Tulenjuhla (Kynttilänpäivä, Valojuhla) — "fire festival" ("day of candles", "holiday of light").
It is marked as Candlemas. (that is, February 2)
Kevätpäiväntasaus (Kevätjuhla) — "spring equinox" ("spring festival").
Associated with Pääsiäinen ("Easter") Vappu (Hedelmällisyydenjuhla, Toukujuhla) — "the first day of May" ("fertility festival", "sowing festival").
Kesäpäivänseisaus (Suvijuhla) — " summer solstice "("summer holiday").
Now it is called Juhannus (St. Peter's Day).
John — June 24) Elojuhla "harvest festival".
Syyspäiväntasaus (Syysjuhla) — "autumn equinox" ("autumn holiday") Kekri (Vainajienpäivä) — "kekri" ("memorial day of the deceased") November 1
Holidays of the wheel of the year in fiction[edit / edit wiki text]
It was the eve of the Yuletide holiday, and although it is now called Christmas, everyone knows in their hearts that it is older than Bethlehem and Babylon, older than Memphis and humanity in general.... (Howard Lovecraft's "Holiday")
Notes[edit / edit wiki text]
Yule, Ostara, Lita, and Meibon are fixed holidays and are associated with either the solstice or the equinox.
The date of the celebration of Samhain, Imbolk, Beltane, Lunasa was calculated every year anew, and depended on the phases of the moon.
So, Samhain coped 21 lunar days after the first full moon, which follows after the autumnal equinox.
Links[edit / edit wiki text]
[1] (unavailable link from 13-05-2013 (948 days) - history) [2] Ekaterina Smirnova "The Wheel of the Year" The Wheel of the year and the Slavic holidays The Wheel of the Solar Year and the Twelve Lunar Months About calculating the time of the lunar holidays of the Great Wheel of the Year
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Source — "https://ru.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wheel of the Year&oldid=63971944"
Categories: Pagan Wicca holidays
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Last modified on this page: 23: 06, July 2, 2014.
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