China City
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This term has other meanings, see China City (meanings).
Historical district in Moscow Kitay Gorod
China City on the plan (1638) by Mattheus Merian is highlighted in yellow.
History As part of Moscow since the XIV century
Location of CAO County
Tverskoy districts
Metro stations Kitay Gorod, Okhotny Ryad, Revolution Square, Teatralnaya, Lubyanka
Area ≈ 70 ha
Coordinates 55°45 '21" s.
w.
37°37'26" v. d. / 55.7560000° s.
w.
37.6240000° v. d. / 55.7560000; 37.6240000 (G) (O) (I)
Template: View • Discussion • Edit
Coordinates: 55°45 '21" s.
w.
37°37'26" v. d. / 55.7560000° s.
w.
37.6240000° v. d. / 55.7560000; 37.6240000 (G) (O) Show a geographical map
Kitay Gorod is a historical district of Moscow inside the Kitaygorod fortress wall, built in 1538 to the corner towers of the Moscow Kremlin: Beklemishevskaya and Arsenalnaya.
After the destruction in the XIX XX centuries, only small sections of the ancient wall of Kitay Gorod have been preserved.
Kitay Gorod starts from Red Square, borders on the north with Okhotny Ryad, Theater Square and Theater Passage, on the east with Lubyanskaya and Staraya Squares, on the south with the Moscow River.
The territory of Kitay Gorod is part of the Tversky district.
Currently, it is the administrative, cultural and business center of Moscow.
It includes the streets: Nikolskaya, Ilyinka, Varvarka, as well as the Zaryadye district
Until 1991, the territory was part of the Khamovnichesky, Tagansky and Basmanny districts.
After the renaming of the metro station "Nogin Square" to "Kitay Gorod" in 1990, the neighboring quarters of the White City are sometimes mistakenly referred to as Kitay Gorod[1].
Content
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1 Origin of the name 2 Fortifications of China City 3 History 4 Sights of China City 4.1 Monasteries 4.2 Churches, temples and cathedrals
5 Chapels 6 Streets of China City 7 See also 8 Notes 9 Literature 10 References
Origin of the name[edit / edit wiki text]
The exact origin of the name has not yet been established.
According to the most common version, the name of the district comes from the old word "whale", that is, the binding of poles that were used in the construction of fortifications[2](Another version of the origin of the name consists of two words: "cue"-a stick forming a ligature, and "tai"-a peak or height (Altai-"Al"-the main one, "tai"-a peak (height)).
Today it is no longer used in its original meaning, but until the XVII century this word was common in the Russian language.
According to the" Dictionary of the Russian language of the XI—XVII centuries", the word" whale " means something braided, tied in a bundle, in a braid[3].
There are also versions that the name came from the Italian word sitta (completely cittadelle — citadel, fortification) or the Turkic katai — city, fortress[4], or the English city — the center of the city.
Russian writer and journalist Vladimir Gilyarovsky in his book "Moscow and Muscovites", as well as a number of historians, point to the origin of the name from the Chinese town on Podolia, which existed in the city of Pronsk.
The name was first used to refer to a part of the city of Moscow by Ivan the Terrible's mother Elena Glinskaya as a reference to her homeland.
Fortifications of China City[edit / edit wiki text]
Main article: Kitaygorodskaya wall
Apollinarius Vasnetsov.
A street in China City.
XVII century.
In 1394, in anticipation of the invasion of Tamerlane, a moat was hastily dug around the posad along the line of the current Bolshoy Cherkassky Vladimirsky Pskov lanes.
For more than a century, it was the only protection of the posad.
Under Elena Glinskaya, it was decided to build stone fortifications.
In the spring of 1534, a new moat was dug, which already protected a large area (completed on May 20), and all Muscovites participated in the work, except the most noble and prominent.
On May 16, 1535, a solemn laying of the stone wall took place, with the first stones laid in the foundation by Metropolitan Daniel.
The construction of the wall was led by the Italian Petrok Maly Fryazin, who built it according to the latest word of the then fortification science, designed for advanced artillery, which is particularly striking when compared with the Kremlin fortifications: the walls of Kitay Gorod were lower, but thicker, with platforms designed for gun carriages.
Nikolsky Gate and the Church of Our Lady of Vladimir.
1840s
The wall, completed in 1538, had a length of 2567 m and 12 towers.
Initially, four gates were arranged, which bore the names: Sretensky (from the beginning of the XVII century they were called Nikolsky), Troitsky (laid at the end of the XVII century), Vsekhsvyatsky (from the XVII century — Barbarian) and Kosmodemyansky (laid by 1616).
The Ilyinsky Gate was first mentioned in 1583.
In 1692, the Nikolsky Gate was laid in connection with the construction of a nearby church in honor of the Vladimir Icon of the Mother of God; instead, a gate was pierced in the wall next to the tower, which received the name of the Vladimir church.
Nikolsky later became known as the broken gate at Maly Cherkassky Lane.
There were double gates on Red Square — Spassky from the south and Voskresensky from the north.
The latter were also known as the Iversky Ones, from the chapel of the Iverskaya Mother of God attached to them (since 1669).
During the XVIII—XIX centuries, for the convenience of Muscovites, several gates were broken through in the wall, which had lost its former defensive significance.
The most famous among them are the Tretyakov Ones.
The sections of the wall adjacent to the Kremlin Wall were demolished in the early XIX century.
The Kitaygorodskaya wall, which was considered the pride of Moscow, was (except for small sections) demolished in 1934.
Currently, only a section of the wall on Revolution Square and a fragment of the white stone foundation of the Barbarian Tower in the underground passage of the Kitay Gorod metro station remain from the ancient fortifications.
In the late 1990s, the Resurrection Gate and certain sections of the wall in the area of Theater Square and Tretyakov Passage were recreated, although not quite in the form that they had before the demolition.
Panorama of Kitay Gorod in Moscow, 1887
History[edit / edit wiki text]
Along with the Kremlin, Kitay Gorod is the oldest district of Moscow (especially Zaryadye), originally known as Veliky Posad.
Part of the posad was located on the territory of the current Kremlin, but after the expansion of the Kremlin under Ivan Kalit and Dmitry Donskoy, it was displaced from there, as a result of which the posad grew to the east almost the entire territory of the current Kitay Gorod.
In the XVI century, with the relocation of the nobility from the Kremlin, Kitay Gorod began to increasingly acquire the features of an aristocratic district, while merchants moved to Zamoskvorechye, and artisans moved to Zaryadye, which was flooded with water and therefore unattractive for the nobility.
Ivan the Terrible evicted the boyars and nobles from the Chinese city and ordered merchants to settle there, but after his death, apparently, the merchants were again displaced by the boyars and nobles, who were joined by the orders from the orders transferred here from the Kremlin at the end of the XVII century.
New Square in the XVIII century.
View from Bolshoy Cherkassky lane.
The census of 1701 shows 272 households in China City, of which 152 belonged to the clergy, 54 to boyars and nobles, 24 to deacons, 6 to palace employees, 29 to merchants, 6 to city employees and 1 to a serf.
At the same time, the average size of the yard was 1100 m2.
However, since the center of Moscow trade was located in Kitay Gorod — Gostiny Dvor and Shopping Malls, in the XVIII XIX centuries it again acquired the character of a merchant district.
In the XIX century, it was an area of large wholesalers; the city exchange was built here, banks and offices began to appear; by the beginning of the XX century, it had acquired the reputation of the"Moscow City".
Here, in pre Petrine times, there was a center of Russian printing (the Printing Yard, later the Synodal Printing House on Nikolskaya) and education (the school of the Zaikonospassky Monastery, later the Slavic Greek Latin Academy, there); under Elizabeth, the university was also located here (the building of the Zemsky Prikaz, on the site of the Historical Museum).
In the pre revolutionary decades, the Slavyansky Bazaar restaurant became famous on Nikolskaya Street.
In Soviet times, Kitay Gorod turned into an area where party and state institutions were concentrated, including the complex of buildings of the Central Committee of the CPSU (now the Presidential Administration).
In the fall of 2011, fencing began to be installed around these buildings, which caused concerns of Archnadzor and other activists about restricting access to historical monuments of Kitay Gorod after the end of the administration's working day at 17 o'clock[5].
According to officials of the Federal Security Service, the fence "will be a kind of symbolic reference to the Kitaygorod wall"[5].
Attractions of China City[edit / edit wiki text]
Kosmodemyansky Gate and a section of the Kitay Gorod wall in Zaryadye.
View from the Orphanage.
1934
S. M. Vorobyov The Barbarian Gate
China cities.
A reproduction from the Moscow Historical Museum.
Kitay gorod.
1932.
Ilyinsky gate at the beginning of the XX century.
Within Kitay Gorod there are such famous architectural and historical monuments as: Pokrovsky Cathedral, Resurrection Gate, Gostiny Dvor, GUM, Middle shopping malls, Kazan Cathedral, Trinity Church in Nikitniki, etc.
Monasteries[edit / edit wiki text]
Znamensky (chast. preserved) Cathedral of the Icon of the Mother of God the Sign in the Znamensky Monastery
Nikolo the Greek (chast. preserved) Cathedral of St. Nicholas the Wonderworker in the St. Nicholas Greek Monastery (demolished in 1935) Chapel of St. Nicholas the Wonderworker in the St. Nicholas Greek Monastery
Bogoyavlensky (chast. preserved) Cathedral of the Epiphany Monastery Athos Chapel of the Epiphany Monastery (demolished in 1929)
Church of the Saviour of the Uncreated Image in the Epiphany Monastery (demolished in 1925) Zaikonospassky (preserved) Cathedral of the Saviour of the Uncreated Image in the Zaikonospassky Monastery
Churches, temples and cathedrals[edit / edit wiki text]
St. Basil's Cathedral is part of the Central Deanery, all other Orthodox churches in the district are part of the Iversky deanery of the Moscow City Diocese of the Russian Orthodox Church.
St. Basil's Cathedral (Pokrovsky Cathedral) The Church of the Conception of Anna, in the Corner The Church of the Apostle John the Theologian under the Elm The Church of the Vladimir Mother of God at the Vladimir Gate (demolished in 1934) The Church of St. George on Pskov Mountain The Church of Elijah the Prophet on Ilinka
The Church of St. Nicholas the Wonderworker "The Great Cross" is the urban planning dominant of the pre revolutionary Chinese city
The Church of Hypatius of Gangra in Ipatievsky Lane (demolished in 1967) The Church of Cosmas and Damian in the Old Panehs The Church of Maxim the Confessor The Church of St. Nicholas the Red Bell The Church of St. Nicholas the Wonderworker "Big Cross" (demolished in 1933) The Church of St. Nicholas the Wet (demolished in the 1930s) The Church of St. Nicholas the Wonderworker "Moskvoretsky" (demolished in 1929) The Church of the Assumption of the Blessed Virgin Mary on the Chizhevsky farmstead The Church of Barbara Great Martyrs Church of the Trinity in Nikitniki Church of the Trinity in the Fields (demolished in 1934) Church of the Nativity of John the Baptist at the Barbarian Gate Kazan Cathedral ( demolished in 1936, restored in 1994-1996) The Church of the Introduction to the Temple of the Most Holy Theotokos "Golden domed", near Gostiny Dvor (sold for scrapping in 1790)
Chapels[edit / edit wiki text]
The Chapel of Our Lady of Vladimir at the Vladimir Church at the Vladimir Gate (demolished in 1934) The Chapel of the Bogolyubsky Icon of the Mother of God of the Barbarian Gate (demolished in 1928) Iverskaya Chapel at the Iversky Gate (demolished in 1929, restored in 1994-1996) Chapel of Panteleimon the Healer at the Vladimir Gate (demolished in 1934) Chapel of St. Sergius of Radonezh at the Ilyinsky Gate (demolished in 1927) Chapel of St. Sergius at the Trinity Church in the Fields (demolished in 1934) Chapel of Christ the Savior near the Moskvoretsky Gate (demolished in 1966)
Streets of China City[edit / edit wiki text]
Tretyakov Passage
Nikolskaya shopping street; the road to Yaroslavl and Rostov; since the XVII century — aristocratic; the name of the St. Nicholas Greek monastery; previously there was a Sovereign Printing yard, later a Synodal printing house.
Ilyinka had an ambassadorial significance; there was the main Embassy yard of 1.5 thousand people; they traded in fur, silver, silk; it was named after the church of Elijah the Prophet; in 1803 — the construction of the Gostiny Dvor building; since the XIX century - "Moscow City" the richest street (banks, offices); large shops; 1879 the Exchange building; Novotroitsky tavern.
Varvarka has existed since the XIV century; it is located in Zaryadye; it is named after the Church of St. Barbara; Chambers of the Romanov Boyars.
Velikaya, later — Mokrinsky Lane (not preserved) was located on the site of Moskvoretskaya Embankment; port street; Mytny Dvor; the Church of St. Nicholas the Wet.
See also[edit / edit wiki text]
Components of pre Petrine Moscow
Moscow Kremlin White city Zemlyanoy city Zamoskvorechye Zayauzye
Notes[edit / edit wiki text]
↑ Example of an illiterate travel guide ↑ Yandex.
Dictionaries / / Dictionary of Modern Geographical Names ↑ (compare. modern Ukrainian "kititsia" (kytytsia)).
In particular, "kita" meant a pigtail, a tourniquet, a plume of feathers, part of military uniforms, in particular, Russian.
For example, the Hussars wore whales — high sultans on their hats.
The word "sultans", which is familiar today — is already a later name for kit, and in the XVII century.
they were also called whales in the old way.
This can be seen, for example, from the following quote taken from a source of the second half of the XVII century, which describes military uniforms: "The horse is riding, the saddle on it is hussar ... the chaprak is sewn with gold, the whale, the same feather (that is, the whale from the same feather)".
The author of the XVII century writes: "At the caps [the janissaries] had whales."
Thus, "kita" meant a part of military equipment.
The word "whale" — with the same meaning exists in other Slavic languages, for example, in Polish as kita (see there; in modern Polish, kita=tail, that is, in the same sense).
Москва Moscow: Architectural guide / I. L. Buseva Davydova, M. V. Nashchokina, M. I. Astafyeva Dlugach.
- Moscow: Stroyizdat, 1997.
- p. 25. - 512 p.
— ISBN 5-274-01624-3.
↑ Go to: 1 2 BBC Russian — Russia The authorities have fenced off the Kitay Gorod district in the center of Moscow
Literature[edit / edit wiki text]
Naidenov N. A. Moscow.
Cathedrals, monasteries and churches.
Part I: The Kremlin and Kitay Gorod — - M., 1883, 7 p., 33 L. Skvortsov N. Churches destroyed in the Moscow Kitay Gorod.
- M., 1895, 44 p. Stelletsky I. Ya.
Kitaygorodskaya wall / / Old Moscow.
Collection.
Vol. 2 / Edited by N. N. Sobolev.
- M., 1914.
- pp.
53-67.
(Facsimile edition M.: Stolitsa, 1993 — - ISBN 5-7055-1169-8).
Alexandrovsky M. I. Index of churches and chapels of China city.
- M., 1916, 31 p. Boborykin P. D. Kitay gorod.
A novel in five books.
- M.: Moscow.
worker, 1947 — - 336 p. (Ashukin N. S. Preface p. 3-4).
Falkovsky N. I. Moscow in the history of technology.
- Moscow: Mosk.
worker, 1950.
Kitay gorod.
pp.
25-34 Sytin P. V.
From the history of Moscow streets.
- Moscow: Moskovsky rabochy, 1958.
pp.
67-70.
Antipin G. G. Zaryadye.
Prospect guidebook.
- M.: Advertising, 1973.
64 p., il.
Libson V. Ya.
Walls and towers of China city / / "Construction and architecture of Moscow", 1973, No.
1. Libson V. Ya.
Chapter 4.
IN KITAY GOROD / / "Revived Treasures of Moscow", 1983.
Kazakevich I. I. Moskovskoe Zaryadye.
- Moscow: Iskusstvo, 1977.
208 p.
Architectural monuments of Moscow.
The Kremlin.
China city.
Central squares.
- Moscow: Iskusstvo, 1982.
502 p. Shchenkova O. P. Kitay gorod the shopping center of Moscow at the end of the XVIII—first half of the XIX century.
// Architectural heritage.
- M., 1985.
- No. 33. - pp.
31-39.
Schenkova O. P. Architecture of the Chinese city of Moscow during the classicism period.
// Architectural heritage.
- M., 1988.
- No. 36. - pp.
175-186.
Belousova T. M. Secrets of underground Moscow / The book uses photographs of A. Zaitsev, S. Ter Oganezov, A. Zadikyan, A. Lukhty.
- Moscow: Moskovsky rabochy, 1997.
- 240 p — - 11,000 copies.
— ISBN 5-239-01908-8. (region)
Palamarchuk P. G. Forty sorokov.
Vol. 2: Moscow within the boundaries of the Garden Ring.
- M., 2004, 744 p, 16 l.
il — - ISBN 5-7119-0013-7. (vol. 2)
; ISBN 5-212-00500-0.
Mikhail Vostryshev.
Moskvovedenie from A to Z.-M.: Algorithm, Eksmo, 2007.
A. L. Batalov, L. A. Belyaev.
The sacred space of medieval Moscow.
- M.: Feoria, Design.
Information.
Cartography, 2010.
- 400 p.
— ISBN 978-5-4284-0001-4.
Links[edit / edit wiki text]
China City on Wikimedia Commons?
Kitay Gorod, part of Moscow // Brockhaus and Efron's Encyclopedic Dictionary: in 86 vols.
(82 volumes and 4 supplements).
- St. Petersburg, 1890-1907.
V. A. Nikolsky.
Old Moscow.
China city China city Temples China City Views of the Kitaygorodsky Wall Photos of preserved fragments of the Kitaygorodsky Wall A fragment of the foundation of the Barbarian Tower of the Kitaygorodsky Wall A video episode dedicated to Kitaygorod in 2009 Kitaygorod M. G. Rabinovich.
The appearance of Moscow In the XIII XVI centuries is a Chinese city.
Photo gallery of the place k i t a y gorod Kitay Gorod community in LiveJournal
[show] Administrative territorial division of Moscow (administrative districts / districts, settlements) Central
Arbat • Basmanny • Zamoskvorechye • Krasnoselsky • Meshchansky • Presnensky • Tagansky • Tverskoy • Khamovniki • Yakimanka
Northern
Airport * Begovoy • Beskudnikovsky • Voykovsky • Vostochnoye Degunino • Golovinsky • Dmitrovsky • Zapadnoye Degunino • Koptevo • Levoberezhny • Molzhaninovsky • Savelovsky • Sokol • Timiryazevsky • Khovrino • Khoroshevsky
Northeast
Alekseevsky • Altufevsky • Babushkinsky • Bibirevo • Butyrsky • Lianozovo • Losinoostrovsky • Marfino • Maryina Grove • Ostankinsky • Otradnoye • Rostokino • Sviblovo • Severny • Severnoye Medvedkovo • Yuzhnoye Medvedkovo • Yaroslavsky
Eastern
Bogorodskoe • Veshnyaki • Vostochny • Vostochnoye Izmailovo • Golyanovo • Ivanovo • Izmailovo • Kosino Ukhtomsky • Metro town • Novogireevo • Novokosino • Perovo • Preobrazhenskoye • Severnoye Izmailovo • Sokolinaya Gora • Sokolniki
Southeast
Vykhino Zhulebino • Kapotnya • Kuzminki • Lefortovo • Lublin • Marino • Nekrasovka • Nizhny Novgorod • Printers • Ryazan • Textile workers • Yuzhnoportovy
South
Biryulyovo Vostochnoye • Biryulyovo Zapadnoye • Brateevo • Danilovsky • Donskoy • Zyablikovo • Moskvorechye Saburovo • Nagatinsky Zaton • Nagatino Gardeners • Nagorny • Orekhovo Borisovo Severnoye • Orekhovo Borisovo Yuzhnoye • Tsaritsyno • Chertanovo Severnoye • Chertanovo Tsentralnoye • Chertanovo Yuzhnoye
Southwest
Academic • Gagarinsky • Zyuzino • Konkovo • Kotlovka • Lomonosovsky • Obruchevsky • Northern Butovo • Teply Stan • Cheryomushki • Southern Butovo • Yasenevo
Western
Vnukovo • Dorogomilovo • Krylatskoye • Kuntsevo • Mozhaisk • Novo Peredelkino • Ochakovo Matveevskoe • Vernadsky Avenue • Ramenki • Solntsevo • Troparevo Nikulino • Filevsky Park • Fili Davydkovo
Northwest
Kurkino • Mitino • Pokrovskoe Streshnevo • Northern Tushino • Strogino • Khoroshevo Mnevniki • Shchukino • Yuzhnoye Tushino
Zelenograd
Matushkino • Savelki • Staroe Kryukovo • Silino • Kryukovo
Novomoskovsky
Vnukovo • Voskresenskoye • Desenovskoye • Kokoshkino • Marushkinskoe • Moscow • "Mosrentgen" • Ryazanovskoe • Sosenskoye • Filimonkovskoye • Shcherbinka
Troitsky
Voronovskoe • Kievsky • Klenovskoye • Krasnopakhorskoye • Mikhailovo Yartsevskoe • Novofedorovskoye • Pervomayskoye • Rogovskoye • Troitsk • Shchapovskoye
[show] Rings of Moscow
Historical walls and ramparts: Kremlin • Kitay Gorod • Bely Gorod • Zemlyanoy Gorod • Kamer Kollezhsky Val
Automobile rings: Boulevard Ring • Garden Ring • Third Transport Ring • Fourth transport Ring • MKAD
Metro: The Ring line of the metro • The Third transfer circuit (under construction) • The Big ring of the metro (project)
Railway transport: Small ring of MZhD • Large ring of MZhD
Ground public transport: Trolleybus # B • Tram # A (now incomplete)
Ring roads of the Moscow region: A107 Moscow Small Ring • A108 Moscow Big Ring • Central Ring Road (project)
Rings of skyscrapers : Stalin's Skyscrapers • The New Ring of Moscow (project)
Other rings: Defense: Golden Ring of Air Defense; * electric power industry: Moscow Electric Power Ring
[show] Historical localities and districts in Moscow Historical localities Right Bank
rivers of Moscow:
Babiy gorodok • Berezhki • Vorobyovy Gory • Danilovka • Dorogomilovo • Zamoskvorechye • Kadashi • Kanatchikovo • Tanners • Boilers • Red meadow • Poklonnaya Gora • Potylikha • Setun • Tatarskaya sloboda
Island:
Balchug • Bersenevka • Swamp • Gardeners
The left bank
rivers of Moscow
before Yauza:
Balkan • Borovitsky hill • Butyrki • Butyrsky farm • Vagankovo • Vasilievsky meadow • In sekhsvyatskaya grove • Devichye polye • Ermakova grove • Zhabensky meadow • Zaneglimenye • Zaryadye • Ivanovskaya hill • Kashenkin meadow • Koshelnaya Sloboda • Krasnoe Selo • Kulishki • Kuchkovo field • Luzhniki • Likhobory • Miuses • Novinskoye • Oktyabrskoye field • Printers • Podkopaevo • Presnya • Samoteka • Serebryanyki • Serebryany Bor • Straw lodge • Sushchevo • Syromyatniki • Testovo • Three mountains • Usachevka • Khamovniki • Khitrovka • Khodynskoye field • Church hill • Shiryaevo field • Yamskoye field
The left bank
rivers of Moscow
beyond the Yauza:
Arbatets • Annengofskaya grove • Blagusha • Vvedenskiye gory • Elokhovo • Zayauzye • Krasny Kholm • Lefortovo • Moose Island • German settlement • Pererva • Pokrovskoe Rubtsovo • Matting • Simonovo • Sokolinaya Gora • Sukino Swamp • Taganka • Tyufeleva grove • Shvivaya hill
Historical districts Areas within
historical walls
and shafts:
Kremlin • Kitay Gorod • Bely Gorod (within the Boulevard Ring) * Earthen City (within the Garden Ring) • the territory within the Chambers of the Collegiate Shaft
Historical districts,
named by
localities:
Alekseevskoe • Brattsevo • Butovo • Dangaurovka • Dubrovka • Izmailovo • Karacharovo • Kudrino • Medvedkovo • Tushino • Fili • Cherkizovo • Chertanovo
Areas of mass
residential development:
Alyoshkino • Babushkin • Beskudnikovo • Bibirevo • Biryulyovo • Veshnyaki Vladychino • Volkhonka ZIL • Golyanovo • Degunino • Ivanovo • Lenino Dacha • Medvedkovo • New Kuzminki • Orekhovo Borisovo • Otradnoye • Sandy streets • Tushino • Fili Mazilovo • Khimki Khovrino • Khoroshevo Mnevniki • Southwest: Belyaevo Bogorodskoe • Davydkovo • Zyuzino • Konkovo Village • Matveevskoe • New Cheryomushki • Teply Stan • Troparevo • Cheryomushki • Chertanovo • Yasenevo • Yuzhnoye Izmailovo
[show] History of Moscow
Early history
The foundation of Moscow • Etymology of * Kuchkov • Defense of Moscow (1238)
The center of the Moscow Principality
Grand Duchy of Moscow • Dmitry Donskoy's Kremlin • Litovshchina • The Invasion of Tokhtamysh • The Siege of Edigey • Fryazhsky style • The Siege of Moscow (1521) • Fire and Rebellion (1547 • * China City • White City • Third Rome
The center of the Russian Kingdom
Burning by the Crimean Tatars • Siege by Bolotnikovites • Occupation by Poles • The Uprising against the Poles • Moscow Battle (1612 • * Siege by Vladislav's troops • Salt Riot (1648) • Copper Riot (1662) • Moscow Pattern • Streletsky Riot (1682) • Streletsky Riot (1698) • German settlement • Naryshkin Baroque • Loss of metropolitan status (1712)
During the Russian Empire
Temporary return of the capital status (1727-1730 • * Trinity Fire (1737) • Plague Riot (1771) • Capture by Napoleon • Fire of Moscow (1812) • Commission on the structure • Khodynka tragedy (1896) • December unrest (1905)
During the First World War and
Civil War
State Conference (1917 • * Military Revolutionary Committee (1917) • Bolshevik Uprising and fighting in the City (1917) • Capital of the RSFSR (1918) • Tactical Center (1918-1919) • Moscow National Center (1919) • Emergency Commission • Red Terror
Moscow in the Soviet years and
during the Great Patriotic War
Stalin's Reconstruction • Stalinodar * Parade on November 7, 1941 • Defense of Moscow • Moscow Panic • Extension to the MKAD
Modernity
The August coup • The shooting of the White House • Terrorist attacks • Luzhkovsky style • Expansion of the territory
Thematic resources: Portal "Moscow" | Project "Moscow"
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