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Home > Vitamins for the soul > Ancient cultures and civilizations > Ancient India > Myths Myths were selected, accumulated, classified and preserved the richest knowledge and observations accumulated over many centuries by previous generations.
This knowledge was designed to establish norms and organize the behavior of people in all spheres of life.
Myths justified the structure of society, its laws and regulations, its traditional values.
Myths explained how the world around a person, and the person himself, works.
Myths indicated how a person should go through his life path, placing milestones on it that helped not to stray from it, and described what awaits him after death.
Myths were a special form of memory that helped the collective to store the knowledge necessary for it and pass it from generation to generation*.
Creation
The Cosmic Egg
At first there was nothing.
There was no sun, no moon, no stars.
Only the waters stretched out infinitely; out of the darkness of primordial chaos, which rested without movement, as if in a deep sleep, the waters arose before other creations.
The waters gave birth to fire.
The Golden Egg was born in them by the great power of heat.
From the egg comes the demiurge Brahma, who creates the universe.
He broke the egg, and it broke in two.
And the upper half of it became the Sky, and the lower half became the Earth.
Between them, Brahma placed the air space and laid the beginning of time.
Then Brahma created a living spirit, thought and the five great elements: air, fire, water, earth and ether.
And after that the gods, the eternal sacrifice, the three Vedas, planets, seas, rivers, people.
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Asuras, the elder brothers of the gods
Brahma
When Brahma created the sky, the earth, and the air, and all living beings in the universe came from his sons, he himself, tired of creation, retired, and handed over the power over the worlds to his descendants — the gods and asuras.
The Asuras were the elder brothers of the gods.
They were powerful and wise and knew the secrets of magic Maya, could take various images or become invisible.
They owned untold treasures, which they kept in their strongholds in mountain caves.
And they had three fortified cities, first in heaven, then on earth: one of iron,another of silver, and the third of gold; afterwards they united these three cities into one towering above the earth; and they built themselves cities in the underworld.
The king of the asuras was Hiranyakasipu, a powerful demon.
The gods chose Indra as their king.
Once the asuras were pious and virtuous, they observed sacred rites, and happiness was with them.
But then they became proud of their strength and their wisdom and inclined to evil; and happiness left them and passed to the gods.
Indra, the ruler of the gods, crushed many mighty asuras in battles.
The terrible god Rudra, a product of Brahma's wrath, completed their defeat by incinerating their magical three cities that were raised above the earth.
The Deeds of Indra Indra was the beloved son of Aditi, the mother of the gods, the most powerful of her sons.
They say that he was born differently from her other children, in an unusual way, almost destroying his mother at birth.
As soon as he was born, he grabbed for his weapon.
Terrified by the unusual birth of her son and his formidable appearance, Aditi hid Indra, but he appeared in front of everyone in golden armor immediately after birth, filling the universe with himself, and the mother was filled with pride for her mighty son.
And he became a great, irresistible warrior, before whom both the gods and the Asuras trembled.
While still very young, he defeated the insidious demon Emusha.
This demon in the form of a boar once stole grain from the gods intended for sacrifice, and hid it among the treasures of the Asuras that were stored behind the thrice seven mountains.
Emusha began to cook porridge from the stolen grain, when Indra pulled a bow, pierced twenty one mountains with an arrow and killed him.
Vishnu, the youngest of the Adityas, took the sacrificial food from the possessions of the asuras and returned it to the gods.
Another feat of Indra was the victory over Shushna, the Desiccant, the horned serpent, which laid eggs, from which evil was born, and which swallowed the heavenly waters.
Indra killed him and released the waters pouring down from the heavens with a life giving rain.
And many more evil and dangerous enemies were defeated by Indra with his courage and strength.
He became the ruler of the heavenly kingdom; the gods themselves asked Brahma to make him king over them.
The formidable Maruts became Indra's retinue.
His brother, Tvashtar, made him a golden chariot and forged him a thunder weapon — a vajra.
This incomparable weapon shone like the sun in the right hand of Indra and thrilled his enemies.
Vayu, the wind god, became Indra's charioteer and accompanied him in battles.
The beautiful armed Tvashtar, the most skilful of the celestials, also made a wonderful bowl for soma — a divine drink that was brought to earth by the eagle — bird of Indra in immemorial times.
Indra was nursed by soma, which replaced his mother's milk.
He went to his exploits, accompanied by an army of Maruts, on a golden chariot, with a vajra in his hand, inspired by copious libations of soma.
And then no one could resist him, and the earth and the sky shook with Indra's rage when he struck the enemy with his vajra.
In the battles of the gods with the asuras — they lasted for many hundreds and thousands of years — Indra, at the head of the host of the celestials, more than once crushed the enemy force.
The legend of the creation of the night When Yama, the son of Vivasvat, died, Yami, his sister and beloved, shed inconsolable tears, and there was no limit to her grief.
In vain the gods tried to ease the burden of her grief.
To all their entreaties and exhortations, she answered: "But he only died today!"
And then there was neither day nor night.
The gods said: "So she wonot forget him!
We will create the night! "
And they created the night.
And the night passed, and the morning came, and she forgot about him.
Therefore, they say: "The succession of night and day brings the oblivion of grief."
The legend of the origin of death There was a time when death was not known on earth.
The people, the descendants of Vivasvat, were immortal in the beginning.
In Kritayuga, the Golden Age, they knew no sin and lived happily on earth, in peace and prosperity.
So time passed, and living beings on earth were born and did not die; they multiplied endlessly and completely filled it.
Shiva Nataraj
Finally, the Earth prayed to Brahma — she could no longer bear such a burden any longer.
Then the Creator thought about how to reduce the number of living beings in the worlds, but could not find any means.
And he fell into anger, and the flame of his anger burst out from all the pores of his body.
The countries of the world burned, fear seized all living things; the world was threatened with destruction.
The great god Shiva took pity on living beings.
He approached Brahma and said, " Do not be angry with the creatures you have created, O Progenitor.
Donot let the universe become empty!
For if all these beings perish now, they will no longer be reborn.
Let them live and die, but let their race not cease! "
And when Shiva said this, Brahma tamed his anger and returned to his heart the fire that consumed the universe.
Then a woman with dark eyes, with a wreath of lotuses on her head, dressed in a dark red dress, came out of the body of Brahma.
She went south on her way, but Brahma called to her and said, " Death, go and kill the living beings in this world!
You arose from my thought of destroying the world and from my anger!
You arose from my thought about the destruction of the world and from my anger, so go and destroy the living both the foolish and the wise!"
And Death, crowned with lotuses, began to cry, but Brahma did not let her tears fall to the ground and gathered them in his palms.
She humbly bowed down before him and prayed: "Be merciful to me, O Lord of creatures, do not lay such a terrible burden on me!
Have pity on me!
How can I destroy innocent beings, children and adults, young and old?
Have mercy, O Lord!
I will not be able to separate those who are close and loving, to take away beloved sons from parents, to take away mothers and fathers from children,to deprive dear brothers and dear friends.
After all, when they die, the survivors will curse me.
I'm afraid of it!
And I'm afraid of tears of misfortune!
These tears will burn me forever."
But Brahma said, " O Death, I have appointed you to destroy the living!
It canot be otherwise!
Go without hesitation, my lady.
Do my bidding."
And Death, without saying another word, set out on his way and appeared in the world.
But still the Progenitor granted her mercy: the tears that she shed turned into diseases that kill people at the appointed time; passions and vices blinded the human race and caused the death of living beings.
Therefore, from time immemorial there is no guilt on death.
Brahma has made her the mistress of justice; free from love and hatred, she fulfills his command.
_______________________
* Based on the book by M. F. Albedil "India — boundless wisdom".
Moscow: "Aleteya", 2003.
Ekaterinburg
9th of March
(Wednesday), 19: 00 The Wisdom of Ancient India
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(Tuesday), 19: 00 The Wisdom of Ancient India "Bhagavad Gita" part 2
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But between what and what do we really choose?
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