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The secret of Noah's Ark is revealed.
MOVIES IN THE SUBJECT.
The library of the New York Insurance Society has a rich archive.
They claim that it allegedly contains data on ships and shipwrecks of all times and peoples.
It is known, for example, that recently the servants of the archive provided detailed information about Noah's Ark and the circumstances of its death: "Noah's Ark, built in 2488 BC, wooden, soaked with resin on the outside…
The owners are Noah and his son.
I was shipwrecked when I ran into Mount Ararat...".
Could Noah really have built a ship sufficient to escape in it from the waters of the flood?
Could the ark finally contain all the number of animals that needed to be taken?
The Bible gives the following dimensions of this structure: "the length of the ark is three hundred cubits; its breadth is fifty cubits, and its height is thirty cubits" (Genesis, chapter 6, verse 15).
"A cubit" is an ancient measure of length, approximately equal to half a meter.
So, the ark was of the following dimensions: 140 meters long, 23 meters wide and 14 meters high (the size of a modern tanker!).
It still remains a mystery: how could Noah and his sons build such a huge ship without having the practice of building an ordinary boat?
Now let's try to figure out how many days it was necessary for Noah to travel through the waters of the Great Flood, how many and what animals and birds he needed to take with him.
So it was said to Noah: "... and you will enter into the ark, and your sons, and your wife, and your sons ' wives with you.
And you shall also bring into the ark two pairs of all animals and of all flesh, so that they may live with you: male and female, let them be.
Of the birds according to their kind, and of all the reptiles on the earth according to their kind, of all two will come to you, so that they will remain alive.
But you take for yourself all the food that they eat, gather it for yourself; and it will be food for you and for them" (Genesis, chapter 6, verses 18-21).
It is clear from the text that God commanded Noah to take with him into the ark "a pair from each creature".
Read on.
"And the Lord said to Noah ... and you shall take seven of every clean animal, male and female, and two of the unclean cattle, male and female... "
(Genesis, chapter 7, verse 2).
Here are those times, so in pairs or in "seven pairs"?
"And Noah, and his sons, and his wife, and his sons' wives with him, entered into the ark from the waters of the flood.
And of the clean cattle, and of the unclean cattle, and of all the creeping things on the earth, two by two, male and female... "
(Genesis, chapter 7, verses 7-9).
So could Noah "take" with him all the animals and birds that he was told to take?
According to the conclusions of individual experts, Noah did not face the problem of placing all the "specimens" of animals and birds in the ark.
Based on the fact that Noah took "a pair of each creature" with him, the experts made some calculations.
In particular, it is estimated that in ancient Mesopotamia (the area where Noah the author lived), there were about 575 species of birds and animals in sizes from a field mouse to a sheep, and 290 species in" parameters " from a sheep to a camel.
And if we assume that half of the ark was filled with food, then on the other half the animals taken by Noah could occupy a space of 4800 cubic meters.
If we take 365 cubic meters as the average value for one animal, then each instance had enough space!
Indeed, if we assume that Noah took animals with him only from his own area, then they could fit freely in the ark.
However, according to the same Bible, God insists on the destruction of all flesh: "And behold, I (God the author) will bring a flood of water on the earth, to destroy all flesh in which there is the spirit of life, under the heavens; everything that is on the earth will lose its life" (Genesis, chapter 6, verse 17).
So, if you literally follow the instructions from above, the ark should have given shelter to two to four million animals on land.
In other words, each animal in the ark would have had 0.23 cubic meters (the volume of a small "diplomat")!..
Quite eloquently, and at the same time contradictory, the Great Flood itself is described in the Bible.
"After seven days, the waters of the flood came to the earth....
And the rain fell on the earth for forty days and forty nights... and the water multiplied, and lifted up the ark, and it was lifted up above the earth.
But the waters increased and multiplied greatly on the earth; and the ark floated on the surface of the waters.
And the water on the earth became extremely strong, so that all the high mountains that are under the whole sky were covered.
The water rose fifteen cubits above them, and the mountains were covered" (Genesis, chapter 7, verses 10-20).
Again, if we assume that the flood really happened on the territory of the Two Rivers, then it is easy to imagine this picture literally – the water covers "all the high mountains".
The valley of the Tigris and Euphrates rivers is flat as a pancake, and rare local hills can be called "mountains" only with a fair share of imagination.
One violent downpour, lasting for several days, and the entire valley will be flooded.
On the other hand, if we take the biblical description of the flood literally and assume that the water really covered the entire land this is the point of view of orthodox Bible worshippers - it turns out that the level of the World's oceans should have risen by more than
8 kilometers, for example, to cover the highest mountain range of the Himalayas, and this would require 3.5 times more water than it is generally contained on the planet…
It is not known for certain how long the Great Flood lasted on earth?
1.
"And the rain fell on the earth for forty days and forty nights" (Genesis, chapter 7, verse 12).
2. "And the water increased on the earth for one hundred and fifty days" (Ibid., verse 24).
3. About a year (Genesis, chapter 8, verses 3-13).
"And God remembered Noah, and all the beasts, and all the cattle that were with him in the ark; and God brought the wind to the earth, and the waters stopped (So God simply forgot about the inhabitants of the ark? - the author)" (Genesis, chapter 8, verse 1).
"And the ark stopped in the seventh month, on the seventeenth day of the month, on the peas of Ararat... "(Genesis, chapter 8, verse 4)
How the ark sailed about 800 kilometers and ended up in the area of Ararat.
This is a mountain range, where the Tigris and Euphrates rivers originate.
Now Ararat rises in Eastern Turkey.
In the heyday of Assyria, there was a rich country called Urartu, and it is easy to guess where the word "Ararat"came from.
However, despite the fact that the word "Urartu" (Ararat) denoted both a state and a mountainous country, the opinion has long been rooted that Ararat is the name of a separate mountain, namely the summit of Big Ararat, which rose to 5165 meters above sea level.
From time to time, interesting reports appear in the press about mysterious wooden objects allegedly found on the swampy slopes of the massif.
However, none of the publications, does not stand up to any serious verification, even the fact that so far no one has yet managed to decipher the mysterious Hebrew word "gopher",
found only in the Bible, the tree from which the ark was allegedly built.
To this day, we do not have a hint of what kind of tree it was....
It is also not clear why God ordered Noah to build an ark (a box, a chest – the author), and let's say not a boat or a ship.
It seems that the authors of the story about the Great Flood are not at all aware of these means of navigation.
To be fair, it must be said that it has not yet been established exactly why the author of the biblical story about the Great Flood chose Ararat (Urartu) as the final destination of Noah's water journey.
There is no denying the fact that to this day there is a city called Naksuana or Nakhichivan at the foot of Mount Ararat, a name that means: "Noah settled here", and in which his grave is allegedly located…
Is the biblical account of the flood the only message known to people?
Of course not.
Similar legends are found not only among the ancient Jews, but also among the Greeks and Indians, Australians and Melanesians, Polynesians and Mexicans, the English and the Incas of Peru…
The most attractive, in my opinion, is the Polynesian "testimony" about the flood.
Obeying the order of the god Kane, the Polynesian Nuu built a large boat with a house in it, where he, his wife and six other people safely survived the flood.
When the water came off, the ship was on one of the mountain peaks in Hawaii.
Nu was ordered to leave the ark and settle with his family in a cave.
Leaving the ark, Nuu offered a sacrifice to god – these were fruits and several slaughtered animals.
When he saw the moon, he took it for the face of the god Kane and offered a sacrifice to her.
Enraged, Kane became angry and descended from the sky to punish Nuu.
The rainbow served as a path, and after the misunderstanding was found out, Kane returned to the sky, the rainbow in
a sign of reconciliation...
(A similar sign of reconciliation between God and man is given to Noah and Jehovah, after the end of the flood).
Agree, it is difficult to deny the parallel with the biblical flood in this plot.
But this legend arose long before the biblical one…
Although the legends about the great flood are almost certainly legends, it is still quite possible and even probable that many of them contain a grain of truth under a mythical shell.
Perhaps they hide the memories of floods that really took place in some places, but, transmitted by the people's memory from generation to generation, they eventually assumed the grandiose dimensions of a global catastrophe.
Today, based on the results of the latest geology, we can say with sufficient confidence that the earth has not experienced any such cataclysm since people have lived on it.
And more.
Noah's Ark could not "get stuck" in the mountains of Ararat for one simple reason: "... not only Mount Ararat, but the entire Transcaucasia has not been covered by the sea for the last million years.
In the area of Mount Ararat, marine deposits with an age of at least 20 million years are known, formed when Mount Ararat did not yet exist.
Since it is obvious that the sea did not even approach Ararat in the historical period, there is no reason to look for Noah's Ark there", -
so said the scientist Ryazanov at the time (http://www.kyrgyz.ru/?page=279)
Maybe some more time will pass and the riddles of Noah's Ark will be solved....
In the meantime, we all have to "be content" with only the knowledge that we have today.
Appendix No.
1.
:: In the world of history, ethnography and Archeology ::
No Noah's Ark was found on Mount Ararat
There is no legendary Noah's Ark on Ararat: everything that was previously taken for the remains of a giant ship lying on this mountain is natural formations.
This statement was made at a press conference in Interfax on Friday by the participants of the expedition to Mount Big Ararat (Turkey), organized by the public research center "Kosmopoisk" and the company "Unknown Planet".
"Everything that we have seen, all the samples that we have collected, indicate that there is no Noah's ark on the western slope of Ararat.
At least, after the eruption of 1840, which destroyed everything, including a petrified tree, no ship could survive there, " said Vadim Chernobrov, the head of Kosmopoisk.
The expedition led by Chernobrov in the second half of 2004 climbed the previously unexplored western slope of Mount Ararat, filmed and brought to Moscow samples of materials found there.
The researchers ' conclusion is unambiguous: none of the objects on Ararat, which were considered as a possible place of the last resting place of the "Noah's Ark", are the remains of a ship.
All these are bizarre natural formations, the result of volcanic activity, geological anomalies.
As Chernobrov explained, the western slope of Ararat was chosen for research because people have already visited all the other slopes repeatedly - Turkish military facilities are located on the Northern Slope, and the Eastern and Southern ones are open to climbers and tourists.
In addition, it was on the western slope of the mountain, covered with lava as a result of the last eruption on Ararat in 1840, that American satellites recorded the so called "Ararat anomaly", which in the pictures from above resembles a ship lying on its side.
The researcher also noted that the expedition, guided by previously published data, actually found four objects resembling an ark at different levels of the slope - three of them turned out to be natural formations and one was an ordinary destroyed sheep pen.
However, the researchers do not consider the topic of Noah's Ark closed, believing that its study should take a different direction.
According to them, this is also indicated by the shrine kept in the Etchmiadzin monastery in Armenia - a piece of petrified wood with a cross laid out on it, which according to legend is a fragment of the lining of the legendary ark.
The researchers do not exclude that scientists interpret the word "ark" too directly, which, translated from Arabic, has several meanings and is probably an allegory, a symbol of salvation.
In addition, Chernobrov admits that the ark is still being searched for in the wrong place.
According to him, there are six Ararat islands in the world, one of which is located in the Krasnodar Territory on the Black Sea coast.
www.mignews.ru
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Noah's Ark
In eastern Turkey, on the Anatolian coast, near the borders with Iran and Armenia, a mountain covered with eternal snow rises.
Its height above sea level is only 5165 meters, which does not allow it to be among the highest mountains in the world, but it is one of the most famous peaks of the Earth.
The name of this mountain is Ararat.
In the clear air of the early morning, before the clouds closed the top and in the twilight when the clouds go away, opening a mountain, arising on the background of evening pink or purple heaven before the eyes of people looking at a high on the mountain shape of a huge ship...
Mount Ararat, on top of which needs to be Noah's ark is mentioned in the religious legends of Babylon and Sumerian state, in which instead of Noah was given the name Ut Napishtim.
In Islamic legends, Noah (in Arabic, Nuh) and his huge ark ship are also immortalized, but again, without at least indicating its parking place in the mountains, which is called Aljud (peaks) here, they mean both Ararat and two other mountains in the Middle East.
The Bible gives us approximate information about the location of the ark: "...the ark stopped on the Ararat mountains."
Travelers who have been making voyages with caravans to Central Asia or back for centuries have repeatedly passed near Ararat and then told that they saw an ark near the top of the mountain, or mysteriously hinted at their intentions to find this ark ship.
They even claimed that amulets were made from the wreckage of the ark to protect against illnesses, misfortunes, poisons and unrequited love.
.
Starting around 1800, groups of mountain climbers with quadrants, altimeters, and later with cameras climbed Ararat.
These expeditions did not find the true remains of the huge Noah's Ark, but they found huge ship - like traces in the glaciers and near the very top of the mountain, they noticed massive columnar formations covered with ice, similar to wooden beams hewn by human hands.
At the same time, the opinion was increasingly confirmed that the ark gradually slid down the mountainside and fell apart into numerous fragments, which are now probably frozen into one of the glaciers covering Ararat.
If we consider Ararat from the surrounding valleys and foothills, then, having a good imagination, it is not difficult to see the hull of a huge ship in the folds of the mountain relief, and to notice some elongated oval object in the depths of the gorge or a not quite clear dark rectangular spot in the ice of glaciers.
However, many researchers who claimed, especially in the last two centuries, that they had seen a ship on Ararat, in some cases climbed high into the mountains and found themselves, as they claimed, in the immediate vicinity of the ark, most of which is buried under the ice.
Legends about an unusually large wooden ship that have survived entire civilizations over the millennia do not seem absolutely plausible to many.
After all, wood, iron, copper, bricks and other building materials, with the exception of huge blocks of rock, are destroyed over time, and how in this case can a wooden ship be preserved on top?
This question can be answered, apparently, only in this way: because this ship was frozen in the ice of a glacier.
On the top of Ararat, in the glacier between the two peaks of the mountain, it is cold enough to preserve a ship built of thick logs, which, as mentioned in reports that came from the depths of thousands of years, "were thoroughly tarred outside and inside."
In the reports of mountain climbers and airplane pilots about their visual observations of a ship like object that they noticed on Ararat, it is always mentioned about parts of the ship covered with a solid shell of ice, or about traces within the glacier that resemble the outlines of a ship corresponding to the dimensions of the ark given in the Bible: "three hundred cubits long, fifty cubits wide and thirty cubits high."
Thus, it can be argued that the preservation of the ark mainly depends on climatic conditions.
Approximately every twenty years, exceptionally warm periods took place on the Ararat mountain range.
In addition, every year in August and early September it is very hot, and it is during these periods that reports appear about the traces of a large ship found on the mountain.
So, when a ship is covered with ice, it cannot be subjected to weathering and rotting, like a number of specimens of extinct animals known to scientists: Siberian mammoths or saber toothed tigers and other mammals from the Pleistocene epoch found in Alaska and northern Canada.
When they were extracted from the ice captivity, they were completely safe, even in the stomachs there was still undigested food.
Since certain areas of the surface of Ararat are covered with snow and ice for a whole year, the seekers of the remains of a large ship could not notice them.
If this ship on the mountain is covered with snow and ice all the time, extensive special research is needed.
But it is very difficult to hold them, because the mountain peak is fraught, according to the residents of the surrounding villages, with a danger for mountain climbers, which consists in the fact that supernatural forces protect Ararat from people's attempts to find Noah's Ark.
This "protection" is manifested in various natural disasters: avalanches, sudden rockfalls, the strongest hurricanes in the immediate vicinity of the summit.
Unexpected fogs deprive climbers of the opportunity to navigate, so that among snow and ice fields and deep gorges, they often find their graves in icy, snow covered bottomless cracks.
There are many poisonous snakes in the foothills, wolf packs are often found, very dangerous wild dogs, bears inhabiting large and small caves, in which climbers often try to make a halt, and, moreover, from time to time, Kurdish robber gangs reappear.
In addition, according to the decision of the Turkish authorities, the approaches to the mountain were guarded for a long time by gendarmerie detachments.
Many historical evidences that something similar to a ship was noticed on Ararat belonged to those who visited nearby settlements and cities and admired Ararat from there.
Other observations belong to those who, traveling with caravans to Persia, passed through the Anatolian Plateau.
Despite the fact that many of the evidence dates back to ancient times and the Middle Ages, some of them contained details that were noticed much later by modern researchers.
Beroes, the Babylonian chronicler, wrote in 275 BC:"...the ship that sank to the ground in Armenia", and, in addition, mentioned: "... the resin was scraped off the ship and amulets were made from it."
Exactly the same information is given by the Jewish chronicler Josephus, who wrote his works in the first century after the conquest of Judea by the Romans.
He presented a detailed narrative about Noah and the flood and, in particular, wrote: "One part of the ship can still be found today in Armenia... there people collect resin for making amulets."
In the late Middle Ages, one of the legends says that the resin was ground into a powder, dissolved in a liquid and drank this drug to protect against poisoning with poisons.
The indications of these and other ancient writers on this ship's resin are interesting not only because they clearly correspond to certain places in the book of Genesis, but also because this huge ship turned out to be quite accessible centuries after the flood, and because it gives a fairly real explanation that the wooden pillars and beams from which the ship was built were well preserved under a layer of eternal ice high on the mountain.
Josephus in his" History of the Jewish War "makes such an interesting remark:" The Armenians call this place a "pier", where the ark remained lying forever, and show the parts of it that have survived to this day."
Nicholas from Damascus, who wrote the Chronicles of the World in the 1st century after the Birth of Christ, called Mount Baris: "... in Armenia there is a high mountain called Baris, on which many fugitives from the flood found salvation.
There, on the top of this mountain, a man stopped there, who sailed in an ark, the fragments of which were preserved there for a long time."
Baris was another name for Mount Ararat, which in Armenia was also called Masis.
One of the most famous travelers of the past, Marco Polo, passed near Ararat on his way to China in the last third of the XV century.
In his book "The Travels of the Venetian Marco Polo" there is a stunning message about the ark:"...
You should know that in this country of Armenia, Noah's Ark rests on the top of a high mountain, covered with eternal snow, and no one can climb there, to the top, especially since the snow never melts, and new snowfalls complement the thickness of the snow cover.
However, the lower layers of it melt and the resulting streams and rivers, flowing into the valley, thoroughly moisten the surrounding area, on which a thick grass cover grows, attracting numerous herds of herbivorous large and small animals from all around in summer."
This description of Mount Ararat remains relevant to this day, except for the statement that no one can climb the mountain.
His most interesting observation is that snow and ice melt the ground and water flows out from under the glacial ice.
It is especially important to note that modern researchers have found wooden blocks processed by human hands in glacial cracks alki and racks.
The German traveler Adam Olearius visited Ararat at the beginning of the XVI century and in his book "Journey to Muscovy and Persia" wrote: "The Armenians and Persians believe that there are still fragments of the ark on the mentioned mountain, which over time have become hard and strong as a stone."
Olearius ' remark about the petrification of wood refers to beams^D which were found above the border of the forest zone and are now located in the Etchmiadzin monastery; they are also similar to individual parts of the ark that were found in our time by the French mountaineer and explorer" Fernand Navarre and other travelers.
Franciscan friar Oderic, which is about his travels were reported to the Pope in Avignon in 1316, saw mount Ararat and wrote about this: "the People who live there, told us that no one climbed the mountain, as it probably could not please God..."
The legend that God does not allow people to climb Ararat is still living.
This taboo was broken only in 1829 by the Frenchman J. F. Parrault, who undertook the first ascent to the top of the mountain.
A glacier on the northwestern slopes of the mountain is named after him.
Half a century later, a competition began, in essence, for the right to be the first to find the remains of Noah's ship.
In 1856, "three godless foreigners" hired two guides in Armenia and set off on a journey with the aim of "refuting the existence of the biblical ark".
Only decades later, before his death, one of the guides admitted that "to their surprise, they discovered the ark."
At first they tried to destroy it, but it didnot work out, lo, because it was too big.
Then they swore that they would not tell anyone about their discovery, and they forced their escorts to do the same...
In 1876, Lord Bryce at an altitude of 13 thousand feet (4.3 kilometers) discovered and took a sample from a piece of processed log 4 feet (1.3 meters) long.
In 1892, Archdeacon Nuri, along with five escorts, observed a "large wooden vessel" near the summit.
However, "' his testimony remained unconfirmed.
"In 1916, during the First World War, the Russian pilot V. Roskovitsky reported in a report that he had observed a "lying large ship"on the slopes of Ararat from an airplane.
Equipped by the Russian government, despite the war, the expedition began to search.
Subsequently, the direct participants claimed that the goal was achieved by them, photographed in detail and examined.
Apparently, this was the first and last official expedition to the ark.
But, unfortunately, its results were lost in Petrograd in 1917, and the territory of Greater Ararat was captured by Turkish troops...
In the summer of 1949, two groups of researchers went to the ark at once.
The first, consisting of four people led by a retired North Carolina doctor Smith, observed only one strange "vision"at the top.
But the second, consisting of Frenchmen, reported that " they saw Noah's Ark... but not on Mount Ararat, " but on the neighboring peak of Jubel Judi.
There, two Turkish journalists later allegedly saw a vessel measuring 500x80x50 feet (165x25x15 meters) with the bones of marine animals.
But three years later, the Riker expedition did not find anything like this.
In 1955, Fernand Navarre managed to find an ancient ship among the ice, from under the ice he extracted an L shaped beam and several planks of the skin.
After 14 years, he repeated his attempt with the help of the American organization "Serch" and brought several more boards.
In the USA, the radiocarbon method showed the age of the tree at 1400 years, in Bordeaux and Madrid the result was different 5000 years!
!
John Libi from San Francisco followed Navarro to Ararat
