Krikalev, Sergey Konstantinovich
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Sergey Konstantinovich Krikalev
Country: USSR, Russia
Expeditions: Soyuz TM 7 Mir
Soyuz TM 12 Mir Soyuz TM 13
STS 60
STS 88 (short term on the ISS)
Soyuz TM 31 ISS 1 - STS 102
Soyuz TMA 6 - ISS 11
Time in space: 803 days 9 h 39 min
Date of birth: August 27, 1958 (1958-08-27) (58 years old)
Place of birth: Leningrad, RSFSR, USSR
Awards:
Sergey Konstantinovich Krikalev on Wikimedia Commons
Sergey Konstantinovich Krikalev (born August 27, 1958 in Leningrad, USSR) is a Soviet and Russian aviation athlete and cosmonaut, from October 2005 to June 2015 the Earth's record holder for the total time spent in space (803 days for six launches as of October 11, 2005; the new record belongs to Gennady Padalka).
Hero of the Soviet Union and the first Hero of the Russian Federation (one of four people awarded both titles).
First Deputy Director of the Central Research Institute of Mechanical Engineering for Manned Programs (since March 2014).
Full member (academician) of the Russian Academy of Cosmonautics named after K. E. Tsiolkovsky (2011).
Head of the Gagarin Cosmonaut Training Center Research Institute (2009 — 2014).
Candidate of Psychological Sciences (2008).
World champion in glider aerobatics.
President of the International Environmental Fund "Clean Seas" (from 2009 to the present) [1].
Content
1 Biography 1.1 Engineer developer 1.2 First flight 1.3 Second flight 1.4 Third flight 1.5 Fourth Flight 1.6 Fifth flight 1.7 Sixth flight 1.8 Work in airless space 1.9 Work at enterprises and institutions of the space industry
2 Social activities 3 Hobbies 4 Awards 5 Notes 6 References
Biography[edit / edit wiki text]
In 1981, he graduated from the Leningrad Mechanical Institute, having received the qualification of a mechanical engineer.
Developer engineer[edit / edit wiki text]
Play a media file
A fragment of a conversation between S. K. Krikalev and students of Bauman Moscow State Technical University.
A little bit about space tourists.
After graduation, he worked at the NGO "Energia".
He tested equipment used in space flights, developed methods of working in space and participated in the work of the ground control service.
In 1985, when there were malfunctions at the Salyut 7 station, he worked in the recovery group, developing methods for docking with an uncontrolled station and repairing its onboard systems.
Krikalev was selected to prepare for space flights in 1985, the following year he completed the basic training course and was temporarily sent to the group under the Buran reusable spacecraft program.
In early 1988, he began preparing for his first long term flight at the Mir station.
The training included preparation for spacewalks, for docking with new modules, for the first tests of the installation for moving an astronaut and for work in the second Soviet French scientific expedition.
The first flight[edit / edit wiki text]
Sergey Krikalev puts on a training suit (June 30, 2004).
Soyuz TM 7 was launched on November 26, 1988, the crew consisted of Commander Alexander Alexandrovich Volkov, flight engineer Krikalev and French cosmonaut Jean Loup Chretien.
The previous crew remained at the Mir station for another twenty six days, thereby establishing the longest stay at the station for a crew of six people.
After the previous crew returned to Earth, Krikalev, Polyakov and Volkov continued to perform experiments on board the station.
Due to the fact that the arrival of the next crew was delayed, they prepared the station for an unmanned flight and returned to Earth on April 27, 1989.
During this flight, Krikalev was awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union (star No. 11595).
The duration of the flight was 151 days.
11 h 08 min 24 s.
In 1990, Krikalev was preparing for his second flight as a member of the backup crew for the eighth long term expedition to the Mir station.
The second flight[edit / edit wiki text]
In December 1990, Krikalev began preparing to participate in the ninth expedition to the Mir station.
Soyuz TM 12 was launched on May 19, 1991 with commander Anatoly Pavlovich Artsebarsky, flight engineer Krikalev and British female cosmonaut Helen Sharman.
A week later, Sharman returned to Earth with the previous crew, while Krikalev and Artsebarsky remained on the Mir .
During the summer, they carried out six spacewalks, while conducting numerous scientific experiments, as well as maintenance work on the station.
According to the plan, Krikalev's return was supposed to take place in five months, but in July 1991 Krikalev agreed to stay at the Mir station as a flight engineer with another crew (who was supposed to arrive in October), since the next two flights were combined into one.
On October 2, 1991, the place of flight engineer in the Soyuz TM 13 spacecraft was occupied by Toktar Aubakirov, an astronaut from Kazakhstan, who was not prepared for a long flight.
He and Franz Fibek, the first cosmonaut of Austria, together with Artsebarsky returned to Earth on October 10, and commander Alexander Volkov remained with Krikalev.
After the crew change in October, Volkov and Krikalev continued their experiments on Mir ,made another spacewalk and returned to Earth on March 25, 1992.
This flight is interesting because the cosmonauts left the USSR, and returned to Russia during their flight, the Soviet Union ceased to exist.
For this flight, Krikalev was awarded the title of Hero of the Russian Federation (Hero of the Russian Federation Star No. 1).
The flight duration was 311 days.
20 h 00 min 34 s.
During the first two flights, Krikalev spent more than a year and three months in space and made seven spacewalks.
In October 1992, NASA management announced that a Russian cosmonaut with space flight experience would fly on an American reusable spacecraft.
Krikalev became one of two candidates (the second is Vladimir Titov) sent by the Russian Space Agency for training together with the STS 60 crew.
In April 1993, Krikalev was declared the main candidate.
The third flight[edit / edit wiki text]
Krikalev participated in the STS 60 flight — the first joint US Russian flight on a reusable spacecraft (shuttle Discovery).
The STS 60 flight, which began on February 3, 1994, was the second flight with the Spacehab module (Space Habitat Module) and the first flight with the WSF device (Wake Shield Facility).
For eight days, the crew of the Discovery spacecraft performed many different scientific experiments in the field of materials science, both in the WSF device and in the Spacehab module, biological experiments and observations of the Earth's surface.
Krikalev performed a significant part of the work with a remote manipulator.
Having completed 130 orbits and flown 5486215 kilometers, on February 11, 1994, the Discovery spacecraft landed at the Kennedy Space Center (Florida).
Thus, Krikalev became the first Russian cosmonaut to fly on an American shuttle.
The flight duration was 8 days.
7 h 09 min 22 s.
In one video interview, Krikalev was asked the question: was it difficult for him on this flight - an unusual environment, completely different equipment, colleagues are all foreigners, a foreign language...
The answer was unexpected: "It was not easy for them either!"
After the STS 60 flight, Krikalev returned to his work in Russia.
He periodically went on business trips to the Lyndon Johnson Space Center in Houston to work in the Mission Control Center with the Search and Rescue Service during joint US Russian flights.
In particular, he participated in the ground support of flights STS 63, STS 71, STS 74, STS 76.
The fourth flight[edit / edit wiki text]
Krikalev was appointed to the first crew of the International Space Station and was the first in December 1998 to go on a short term mission to the ISS on the shuttle Endeavour from December 4 to December 16, 1998 as a specialist of flight 4 STS 88.
During the flight, the American Unity node module was docked to the first Russian ISS module, the Functional Cargo Unit (FGB) Zarya, which was previously put into orbit.
Together with the shuttle commander Robert Kabana, Sergey Krikalev opened the hatch to the ISS for the first time.
Participated in the work on board the ISS.
The flight duration was 11 days.
19 h 17 min 54 s.
From 1999 to October 2000, he continued training as a flight engineer of the ISS 1 main crew together with Yuri Gidzenko and William Shepherd.
The fifth flight[edit / edit wiki text]
In October 2000, as part of the first crew of the long term expedition, Sergey Krikalev, together with Yuri Gidzenko (commander of the delivery ship) and William Shepherd (commander of the ISS 1 expedition), began permanent manned flights to the ISS.
In this flight, the astronauts met the 21st century in orbit.
He started at Baikonur on the Soyuz TM 31 spacecraft as a flight engineer, landed in Florida on the Discovery shuttle STS 102 as a flight specialist.
At the station from November 2, 2000 to March 19, 2001.
The flight duration was 140 days.
23 h 38 min 54 s.
Sergey Krikalev works on the ISS.
May 2005.
The sixth flight[edit / edit wiki text]
It was launched on April 15, 2005 (at 04:46:25 Moscow time) on the Soyuz TMA 6 spacecraft.
On October 11, 2005, it completed its sixth flight, returning to Earth from the ISS in the Soyuz TMA 6 lander after six months in orbit.
On this flight, for the first time, he was the crew commander of both the delivery ship and the ISS 11 expedition.
During the flight, he performed one spacewalk (the eighth) on August 18, 2005 with a duration of 4 hours and 57 minutes.
With this flight, he set a world record for the total duration of stay in space (803 days).
The record lasted for almost 10 years and was broken (878 days) on June 29, 2015 by Russian cosmonaut Gennady Padalka on his 5th flight[2].
The flight duration was 179 days 00 hours 23 minutes 23 seconds.
As of 2016, Krikalev has also held the national record for more than 10 years - he is the only Russian who has flown into space six times.
However, the record is not world: Young made the 6th flight in 1983, and Ross and then Chang Diaz made their seventh flights in 2002.
n / a Launch Ship Launch Landing Ship Landing Flight 1 Soyuz TM 7 26.11.1988, 15: 49:34 Soyuz TM 7 27.04.1989, 02:57:58 151 days 11 h 08 min 24 s 2 Soyuz TM 12 18.05.1991, 12: 50:28 Soyuz TM 13 25.03.1992, 08:51:22 311 days 20 h 00 min 54 s 3 STS 60 (Discovery/18) 03.02.1994, 12:10:00 STS 60 (Discovery/18) 11.02.1994, 19:20:13 8 day 07 h 10 min 13 s 4 STS 88 (Endeavour/13) 04.12.1998, 08:35:34 STS 88 (Endeavour/13) 16.12.1998, 03:54:21 11 day 19 h 18 min 47 s 5 Soyuz TM 31 31.10.2000, 07:52:47 STS 102 (Discovery/29) 21.03.2001, 07:33:06 140 day 23 h 40 min 19 s 6 Soyuz TMA 6 15.04.2005, 00: 46: 25 Soyuz TMA 6 11.10.2005, 01: 09:48 179 day 00 h 23 min 23 s Total flight 803 day 09 h 42 min 00 s
Working in an airless space[edit / edit wiki text]
n/a Spacewalk Duration 1 24.06.1991, 21:11 4 h 58 min 2 28.06.1991, 19:02 3 h 24 min 3 15.07.1991, 11:45 5 h 56 min 4 19.07.1991, 11:10 5 h 28 min 5 23.07.1991, 09:15 5 h 42 min 6 27.07.1991, 08:44 6 h 49 min 7 20.02.1992, 20:09 4 h 12 min 8 18.08.2005, 19:02 4 h 57 min total 41 h 26 min
Work at enterprises and institutions of the space industry[edit / edit wiki text]
From February to August 2007 — Vice President of RSC Energia for manned flights with the preservation of flight status in the cosmonaut squadron[3].
From August 2007 to March 2009 Deputy General Designer[4].
March 27, 2009 with the transition to another job, he was released from his position as an instructor of a test cosmonaut of the 1st class of JSC RSCEnergy" named after S. P. Korolev"[5].
From March 30, 2009 to March 27, 2014 Head of the Gagarin Cosmonaut Training Center[5][6].
Since March 2014 — First Deputy General Director of the Federal State Unitary Enterprise "Central Research Institute of Mechanical Engineering" for manned programs[7].
Public activity[edit / edit wiki text]
From 1999 to 2007, he was the president of the Gliding Sports Federation of Russia.
On February 14, 2012, he was approved as a member of the Public Chamber of the Central Federal District and a proxy of the Prime Minister and presidential candidate Vladimir Putin[8], and at the first plenary session on September 14 of the same year, he was elected Secretary of the chamber[9 ].
On April 12, 2014, he was appointed plenipotentiary representative of the Governor of Sevastopol in Moscow and St. Petersburg[10][11].
In September 2016, he became a proxy of the United Russia party in the elections to the State Duma of the VII convocation.
Hobbies[edit / edit wiki text]
Aerobatics, swimming, scuba diving, downhill skiing, windsurfing, tennis, amateur radio (X75M1K).
Candidate for the Master of Sports in the all around.
Master of Sports of the USSR in aerobatics.
Participant of the USSR, European and world championships in aerobatics.
USSR champion in the team competition (1986).
European champion in the team competition (1996).
World champion in the team competition in glider aerobatics (1997).
The amateur radio call sign is U5MIR.
Space photographer.
The author of the collection of photographs" Painting of the Creator " taken from near Earth orbit.
The founder of a new direction in the art of photography is space photography, presented in 3D technology (2008) [12].
Awards[edit / edit wiki text]
Hero of the Russian Federation (April 11, 1992) - for courage and heroism shown during a long space flight on the Mir orbital station (Gold Star Medal No. 1) [13].
Hero of the Soviet Union (April 27, 1989).
Order of Merit for the Fatherland, IV degree (April 5, 2002) - for courage and high professionalism shown during a long term space flight on the International Space Station[14].
Order of Honor (April 15, 1998) - for successful participation and achievement of high sports results in the First World Air Games[15].
Order of Peoples ' Friendship (March 25, 1992) - for the successful implementation of a space flight on the Mir space station and the courage and heroism shown at the same time[16].
Order of Lenin (1989).
Medal "For Merits in Space Exploration" (April 12, 2011) - for great merits in the field of research, development and use of outer space, many years of conscientious work, active public activity[17].
Medal "In memory of the 300th anniversary of St. Petersburg" (2005).
Honorary title "Pilot Cosmonaut of the USSR" (1989).
Officer of the Legion of Honor (France, 1989).
Three NASA medals "For space flight" (1996, 1998, 2001).
NASA Medal "For Outstanding Public Services "(2003).
Honorary Citizen of St. Petersburg (2007)[18].
Honored Master of Sports of Russia.
Life Honorary Member of the Royal Photographic Society of Great Britain.
Winner of the national award "Golden Eye of Russia".
Winner of the national award "Russian of the Year" (2011)[19].
Notes[edit / edit wiki text]
↑ About the fund.
Clean Seas Foundation.
Verified on July 24, 2015.
Космонав Cosmonaut Padalka is preparing to break the world record.
Newspaper.
Ru (June 16, 2015).
Verified on July 24, 2015.
Сергей Sergey Krikalev became the Vice President of RSC Energia.
Lenta.ru (February 15, 2007).
Verified on July 24, 2015.
Кри Krikalev Sergey Konstantinovich.
The Yuri Gagarin Cosmonaut Training Center.
Verified on July 24, 2015.
↑ 1 2 01-04-2009 Hero of the Soviet Union, Hero of Russia (Golden Star of Hero No. 1) Sergey Konstantinovich Krikalev was appointed to the post of head of the Federal State Budgetary Institution Scientific Research Center for Cosmonaut Training named after Yu.
A.Gagarin. (link unavailable)
Checked on July 24, 2015.
↑ The head of the Cosmonaut Training Center has been appointed.
Interfax (April 19, 2014).
Verified on July 24, 2015.
Первый First Deputy General Director for Manned Programs(unavailable link history).
FSUE "TsNIIMash".
Verified on July 24, 2015.
Archived from the original source on October 23, 2014.
Ц Central Federal District / News of the Public Chamber of the Central Federal District /A meeting of members of the Public Chamber of the Central Federal District approved by the plenipotentiary Representative of the President of the Russian Federation in the Central Federal District was held.
The first plenary session of the Public Chamber of the Central Federal District was held in Ryazan.
Pilot cosmonaut Krikalev was appointed representative of the Governor of Sevastopol in Moscow and St. Petersburg.
Cosmonaut Sergey Krikalev became the representative of Sevastopol in Moscow.
Rossiyskaya Gazeta ↑ A look at the Earth photos from orbit.
Video by RIA Novosti.
RIA Novosti (February 21, 2008).
Checked on August 13, 2010.
Archived from the original on 22 August 2011.
↑ Decree of the President of the Russian Federation dated 11 April 1992 No. 387 "On conferring the title of hero of the Russian Federation, pilot cosmonaut Sergei K. Krikalev".
↑ Decree of the President of the Russian Federation of April 5, 2002 No. 353 "On awarding the order "For merits before Fatherland" IV degree Colonel Gidzenko Y. P. and S. K. Krikalev".
↑ Decree of the President of the Russian Federation of April 15, 1998, No. 394, "On awarding state awards of the Russian Federation participating in the First World air games".
Decree of the President of the Russian Federation No. 298 of March 25, 1992 "On awarding pilot cosmonaut S. K. Krikalev with the Order of Friendship of Peoples".
Decree of the President of the Russian Federation No. 436 of April 12, 2011 "On awarding the medal" For Merits in Space Exploration"".
New honorary citizens of St. Petersburg Valery Gergiev and Sergey Krikalev.
↑ "Russian of the Year" on the website of the Russian Academy of Business and Entrepreneurship.
Links[edit / edit wiki text]
Krikalev, Sergey Konstantinovich.
The website "Heroes of the Country".
The official website of Sergey Krikalev.
"Sergey Krikalev.
Man of Record " - a documentary film of the Roscosmos TV studio, 2011.
The ASTROnote Space Encyclopedia.
The management of RSC Energia named after S. P. Korolev.
A cosmic centenarian.
A TV story.
Roscosmos TV studio.
The road will be mastered by the walking one.
The program "Russian Space", Roscosmos TV Studio, (video 2012).
Cosmonaut Sergey Krikalev.
Video encyclopedia "Cosmonauts".
Roscosmos TV studio.
Alley of Heroes (Moscow Victory Park, St. Petersburg)
Georgy Konstantinovich Zhukov
S. I. Bogdanov • V. M. Golubev • G. M. Grechko • V. N. Osipov • V. I. Rakov • N. G. Stepanyan • E. P. Fedorov • N. V. Chelnokov
N. S. Maidanov • A. N. Chilingarov
Yuli Borisovich Khariton
A. P. Vinogradov • N. N. Isanin • S. N. Kovalev • A. N. Kosygin • M. P. Panfilov • N. A. Pilyugin • G. P. Svishchev • V. A. Smirnov • G. S. Ulanova • V. S. Chicherov • A.V. Chuev • A. N. Shchukin
Zoya Kosmodemyanskaya • Alexander Matrosov
Heroes of the Russian Federation — Heroes of the Soviet Union
Sergey Krikalev • Valery Polyakov • Nikolay Maidanov • Artur Chilingarov
Soviet cosmonaut pilots
the 1960s
1961: Gagarin, G. Titov • 1962: Nikolaev, Popovich • 1963: Bykovsky, Tereshkova • 1964: Egorov, Komarov, Feoktistov • 1965: Belyaev, Leonov • 1968: Beregovoy • 1969: V. Volkov, Volynov, Gorbatko, Eliseev, Kubasov, Filipchenko, Khrunov, Shatalov, Shonin • 1970: Sevastyanov
the 1970s
1971: Rukavishnikov, Dobrovolsky, Patsaev • 1973: Klimuk, Lazarev, Lebedev, Makarov • 1974: Artyukhin, Demin, Sarafanov • 1975: Grechko, Gubarev • 1976: Aksenov, Zholobov, Zudov, Rozhdestvensky • 1977: Glazkov, Kovalenok, Ryumin • 1978: Dzhanibekov, Ivanchenkov, Romanenko • 1979: Lyakhov • 1980: Kizim, Malyshev, Popov, Strekalov
1980s
1981: Savinykh • 1982: Berezovoy, Savitskaya, Serebrov • 1983: Alexandrov, V. Titov • 1984: Atkov, Volk, V. Solovyov • 1985: Vasyutin, A. Volkov • 1987: Viktorenko, Laveikin, Levchenko • 1988: Manarov, A. Solovyov • 1989: Krikalev, Polyakov • 1990: Balandin, Manakov
1990s
1991: Artsebarsky, Aubakirov, Afanasyev
See also
Cosmonaut pilots of the Russian Federation
Source — "https://ru.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Krikalev, _Sergey Konstantinovich&oldid=80606974"
Categories: Persons alphabetically Born on August 27 Born in 1958 Born in St. Petersburg Heroes of the Russian Federation Heroes of the Soviet Union Holders of the Order "For Services to the Fatherland" 4th degree Holders of the Order of Honor Holders of the Order of Lenin Holders of the Order of Friendship of Peoples Awarded the medal "For Merits in Space Exploration" Awarded the medal "In memory of the 300th anniversary of St. Petersburg" Officers of the Legion of Honor Awarded the medal "For Outstanding Public Services" Awarded the medal "For Space Flight" Pilots cosmonauts of the USSR Honored masters of Sports of Russia Honorary citizens of St. Petersburg Moscow Victory Park Cosmonaut squad
of RSC Energia Graduates of BSTU Voenmeh Cosmonauts of Russia Members of the CPSU Pilots of the USSR Pilots of Russia Air athletes World champions in aviation sports Gliders Radio amateurs Candidates of Psychological Sciences Guinness Book of Records Record holders
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