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Home Sports and Fitness Outdoor sports Doping is...
What is doping in sports?
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Doping is... what is doping in sports?
Sports and Fitness Outdoor sports
Av.
Varyag
February 22, 2015
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Doping is used in many sports today: athletics, cross country skiing are an example of this.
Many athletes were deprived of medals and titles when foreign substances were found in their bodies that help in obtaining the maximum result at competitions.
There have been, are and will be a huge number of questions and scientific doubts about the use of doping in competitions.
Actually, it is worth understanding what doping is, why it is used and what it leads to.
The scientific concept of Doping is natural, synthetic and narcotic substances that can improve the functioning of the athlete's body.
Also, this concept refers to substances that can stimulate the synthesis of proteins after exposure to an external force on the muscle mass.
It should be said right away that during the competition, athletes are prohibited from taking certain medications.
The first use of the history of these drugs dates back approximately to the beginning of the XX century.
Doping in sports began to be used by American riders and horse trainers, who subcutaneously injected animals with the necessary substances.
The first information about the use of doping appeared since 1903.
It was from that time that the racing society began its struggle against the use of any auxiliary substances.
It turns out that from this moment the doping control was formed.
Only at first he was not as active as he is today.
Types and groups of doping additives Naturally, certain substances have their effect on the human body.
Some medications are painkillers, while others increase the physical characteristics of an athlete, increase strength, endurance.
In addition, doping is not only a stimulant of human capabilities during competitions, but also an assistant in training.
Based on these signs, doping in sports began to be divided into certain groups.
The following types of doping are prohibited for use both during competitions and during training.
Anabolic steroids.
These substances are popularly called anabolics.
This type of doping is formed from the male hormone testosterone.
Probably, many people know that in sports testosterone is of great importance in obtaining the necessary results.
Anabolic steroids help in building muscle mass, protein absorption and the development of a male physique.
But their hormonal nature makes itself felt.
These drugs have an androgenic effect on the human body taking them.
Peptide hormones (or, as they are also called, peptides), growth factors.
Growth hormone, insulin and erythropoietin are prohibited substances for use by athletes, because they help them get an increase in muscle growth and reduce the fat layer (growth hormone), as well as increase the production of red blood cells (erythropoietin).
Diuretics.
The scientific name of these drugs is diuretics.
There are three main reasons why diuretics are used in sports.
First, it is a rapid reduction in human weight.
Secondly, giving the athlete's body a more beautiful muscular appearance.
Third, diuretics help to remove other auxiliary drugs from the body and thus hide the use of prohibited substances.
Beta 2 agonists.
They increase the volume of muscles, promote their recovery, prevent the loss of muscle mass with age.
Drugs that are prohibited only during direct competitions: Narcotic painkillers (for example, methadone, morphine, fentanyl).
The name itself suggests that these substances are used to reduce sensitivity to pain.
Stimulating substances.
First of all, drugs of this group act on the central nervous system.
It is worth noting one important fact at once: many stimulants are part of anti cold and antiviral medicines.
Based on this, an athlete should read the composition before using a seemingly simple cold medicine.
If the drug does not include prohibited drugs, then you can use it during treatment.
Glucocorticosteroids.
Athletes use them to feel a surge of strength and reduce pain.
The fight against doping supplements As previously mentioned, at the moment there is an active struggle against the use of various drugs that help to increase sports opportunities.
Doping is a danger of leaving the sport for a short time, or even forever.
After all, almost at every competition, specialists check athletes for the presence of prohibited substances in the blood.
The winners are always checked, and the rest - to choose from.
If prohibited drugs were found in the athlete's body, then the person is disqualified for a certain time.
For the first time – for 2 years, and if this error is repeated from 4 years and forever.
Sports fans have often heard about scandals caused by the use of prohibited substances.
Last year, biathlon was lit up in them more than once.
The athletes of the Russian national team used doping, for which they were disqualified.
Harmful effect on the athlete's body Doping is not only an aid in increasing sports results and success, as well as physical data of a person, but also the cause of many problems.
The use of supplements in most cases does not pass without a trace.
Such interference in the human body leads to negative consequences, and the athlete pays for the achievements with his health.
As an example, we can take erythropoietin, which was previously mentioned.
With a high formation of red blood cells, the blood can become thick, which leads to the formation of blood clots in the vessels and veins.
In this case, you can not do without problems (you also can not forget about the fatal outcome).
Concluding the discussion of the use of doping substances, it is worth saying a few words that recently there has been a tendency to reduce their use and a healthy approach to sports thanks to doping control, various anti doping prevention programs.
Many people in the world of sports say " No " to doping.
Take, for example, the biathlon mentioned above.
Doping in this sport, according to the president of the Russian Biathlon Union, will never be used again.
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