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16:53 17/11/2016
Andrey Sidorchik
0 38178
Bonnie and Clyde: The true story of the "scumbags" of the Great Depression
All materials of the plot
World History with Andrey Sidorchik
Behind the beautiful picture created by journalists and Hollywood, there is a story full of blood, dirt, taken and broken human lives.
Bonnie and Clyde in March 1933.
© /
Public Domain
"Oscar" for "romantic Robin Hoods"
In the 1990s and early 2000s, there was a trend in Russian culture associated with the romanticization of crime.
Bandits and murderers were presented as victims of circumstances, unhappy, rejected by society, in need of compassion and understanding.
"We are not like this life is like this" - this deceptive thesis has become the leitmotif of an entire era.
It should be recognized, however, that the romanticization of crime has a long history, not only in our country, but also in the world.
Often, real villains appear years and decades later in the images of" romantic Robin Hoods", causing sympathy, not rejection.
A classic example is the famous Bonnie and Clyde, American gangsters of the 1930s.
Hundreds of books, dozens of songs have been written about them, a lot of films and TV series have been shot.
The 1967 Hollywood film "Bonnie and Clyde" directed by Arthur Penn with Warren Beatty and Faye Dunaway in the main roles collected a large number of awards, including two Oscar statuettes.
And what were Bonnie and Clyde really like before they became part of popular culture?
Bonnie and Clyde's pistols were sold at auction for 504 thousand dollars
A good girl loves bad boys
Their history is directly connected with the Great Depression: an economic crisis that stretched for almost a decade, which ruined and plunged millions of Americans into poverty.
At the same time, the heyday of the gangster era occurred, when gangster groups in the country became the "second power", sometimes more significant than the first.
However, this does not apply to Bonnie and Clyde in any way.
They were not part of a powerful mafia structure, but were those who in the 1990s in Russia would be called "scumbags": criminals who did not obey anyone, who sowed chaos and death around them.
Bonnie Parker and Clyde Barrow were natives of Texas.
She came from a working class family, where her father worked as a bricklayer, and her mother was a seamstress.
He grew up in a large, but poor family of farmers.
Bonnie was one of the first students at school, had a rich imagination and, according to the teachers, had good acting skills.
Good girls are often attracted to bad boys.
And at the age of 15, Bonnie was drawn to Roy Thornton, a bully and a brawler, who was promised a place behind bars by others.
Despite this, they were married in September 1926.
Bonnie got a job as a waitress.
The marital ties lasted a year.
Roy began to disappear from the house for whole weeks, and Bonnie, having suffered this behavior of her husband for some time, decided to break up with him.
Thornton didnot mind.
Soon he still ended up in prison, where he spent the time when his wife became a criminal legend.
Prison rape victim
Clyde Barrow, who was a year older than Bonnie, was first jailed at the age of 16 when he did not return a rented car on time.
He was quickly released, but was soon detained again together with his brother when they were stealing turkeys.
Clyde was not afraid of the first arrests: despite the fact that the young man, unlike many others, had a job, he continued to commit petty theft and steal cars.
Finally, in April 1930, Clyde, who had just turned 21, was sent not to the local jail, but to Eastham prison.
Mary Barrow, Clyde's sister, later recalled: "Something terrible must have happened to him in prison, because he was never the same again."
The scamp and bully turned into a sullen, embittered person who hates the whole world around him.
As those who sat in Eastham with Clyde later said, he went from a schoolboy to a "rattlesnake".
Some biographers of the criminal couple believe that the reason was that Clyde was a victim of sexual violence in prison.
The young man liked one of the prisoners, who raped him several times.
As a result, Clyde killed his abuser.
Nevertheless, he was released in 1932.
Clyde Barrow.
Photo: Public Domain
Kill for $ 28
In early 1932, Bonnie Parker and Clyde Barrow met for the first time at the house of a mutual friend.
He was a 22 year old embittered criminal, she was a 21 year old bored waitress with a rich imagination, a craving for" bad boys "and"dangerous adventures".
Bonnie kept a diary and wrote poetry.
She did not dream of a long life and a big family, she wanted to "have fun".
Clyde Barrow liked Bonnie, and he could provide her with the "fun" that she wanted.
"I love you more than I love you." the 10 most original couples in love in history
More detailed
Contrary to subsequent legends, the Bonnie and Clyde gang, which included several other people, did not specialize in bank robberies.
The main targets of the raiders were small shops and gas stations.
Clyde Barrow dreamed of taking revenge on the prison, in which he had to endure a terrible humiliation.
The revenge was to be a mass escape, which he intended to organize.
To get money for it, the gangsters began to rob small shops.
On April 30, 1932, during another raid on the store, in which Bonnie did not participate, the owner tried to resist, for which he was beaten on the spot.
Clyde was not afraid of this outcome, but only provoked.
On August 5, 1932, Barrow and his accomplice Raymond Hamilton were drinking in a bar in Stringtown.
When the sheriff and his deputies appeared on the threshold of the institution, the bandits shot them.
On October 11, Clyde dealt with the owner of the store, Howard Hall.
The killer's prey was $ 28 and food.
Bonnie was not afraid of murder, but she told Clyde that all these were "toys", and serious things needed to be done.
After that, the bandits moved on to raids on banks.
Raymond Hamilton fell into the hands of the police and was sentenced to 60 years in prison.
The new accomplice was 16 year old V. D. Jones, who begged Clyde to take him into the gang.
The boy turned out to be a "worthy student": the very next day he killed the owner of the car, who tried to prevent its theft.
Sixteen year old W. D. Jones committed two murders in the first two weeks after he joined Clyde Barrow.
Photo: Public Domain
The bandits set up their headquarters in Missouri, in the city of Joplin, which was reputed to be the main "gangster hideout" in the United States.
The three of them lived in a three room apartment with a garage, first three, and then five: they were joined by Clyde's brother Buck, who was released from prison, and his wife Blanche.
It is claimed that Buck came to his brother to convince him to "quit", but then decided that Clyde was "on the right track".
Bonnie and Clyde's apartment in Joplin.
Photo: Public Domain
It so happened that the legend of Bonnie and Clyde was born in Joplin.
Bonnie's creative nature haunted her, and she asked her accomplices to photograph her in various images.
Clyde also got involved in this game.
The bandits did not observe any precautions.
The endless noisy fun began to annoy the neighbors.
And when one day a shot rang out in the house (Clyde fired accidentally, while cleaning a weapon), they called the police.
In the United States at that time, there was a "dry law", and the local police decided that we were talking about people involved in alcohol smuggling.
In the early morning of April 13, 1933, the police arrived at the criminals ' house, blocking the entrance to the garage.
The gangsters were not going to give up, and a fight broke out at the house.
After killing one of the policemen and wounding the second, Bonnie, Clyde and their accomplices broke free.
And the police got a photo archive of the gang, clinging to which the newspapers began to spin a story about a respectable gangster couple.
A decent woman does not wear trousers
Fame has created a lot of problems for the gang.
They could be recognized, so it became impossible to appear in crowded places, hotels and restaurants.
At best, we spent the night in roadside motels away from big cities, at worst - in the woods by the fire.
In June 1933, a car with bandits was involved in an accident.
Bonnie suffered the most: due to the damage to her right leg, she began to limp badly.
Bonnie Parker poses with a revolver and a cigar.
This is one of those photos that created an erroneous image around Parker.
Photo: Public Domain
A few days later, they stayed at the Red Crown Motel in Arkansas.
The vigilant owner of the institution suspected something was wrong: three people registered, and five got out of the car.
The guests covered the windows with newspapers, bought food and alcohol for a large company.
In addition, the owner did not like that Blanche Barrow, who was sent to solve the issues with the settlement, appeared in front of him in trousers.
In the patriarchal Arkansas of those times, it was believed that a woman in such a form could only be a criminal.
The owner informed the police, and at night the guards attacked the motel.
The criminals managed to escape, but Buck and Blanche Barrow were seriously injured.
The police were right behind them.
They had to stop at an abandoned amusement park in Iowa, but they were noticed there too.
The police attacked an improvised bandit camp.
Three managed to escape, and the Barrows fell into the hands of the guards.
Clyde's brother died of his wounds a few days after his arrest.
A dream come true
On August 20, a criminal trio robbed a gun store in Illinois, adding to their arsenal.
After that, they went to visit relatives.
In Houston, where Jones ' mother lived, he was arrested.
In November, the two of them, Bonnie and Clyde, came to Texas to visit their relatives, setting up a meeting for them in an abandoned village.
The local sheriff, having learned about the date, prepared an ambush, but the criminals noticed the trick and again escaped from the trap.
Clyde did not forget about his main goal, and on January 16, 1934, he implemented a plan: gangsters attacked Eastham prison, provoking a mass escape of prisoners, during which a security officer was killed.
It was a challenge to the system, so the best forces of both the federal government and the authorities of Texas were thrown at putting an end to the gang.
A person who caused no less consternation was called to fight against criminal "scumbags".
Retired Texas Ranger Frank A. Hamer was a real "bounty hunter" who arrested dozens of criminals and personally killed more than 50 offenders.
Blanche's arrest.
Photo: Public Domain
167 bullets from Mr. Hamer
Hamer and his henchmen were on the heels of the criminals.
The same people behaved like cornered animals: on April 1, 1934, two patrol policemen were shot.
In response, the authorities announced a reward for the corpses of Bonnie and Clyde: they were no longer going to catch them alive after everything that had been done.
The last victim of the bandits was Constable William Campbell, who was killed in Commerce, Oklahoma.
By that time, Frank Hamer had thoroughly studied the dossiers of the bandits and prepared a trap.
An ambush was waiting for Bonnie and Clyde on a rural road in Bienville, Louisiana.
Frank A. Hamer.
Photo: Public Domain
On May 23, 1934, Hamer's group, consisting of six people, opened heavy fire on the Ford, in which there were bandits.
167 bullets hit the car, most of them went to the criminals.
Forensic experts counted more than 50 bullets in the corpse of Clyde Barrow, and more than 60 in the corpse of Bonnie Parker.
After the death of the criminals, they began to do business with them immediately: they had to pay a dollar to look at the dead, and there were a lot of people who wanted to.
The gangsters ' personal belongings were taken by people from Hamer's group, who then sold them at auction through third parties.
Hamer took the gangster's weapons and fishing gear, with which the bandits got their food on the worst days.
Bonnie and Clyde's car.
The shooting was so loud that Hamer's squad suffered from temporary deafness all day.
Photo: Public Domain
The child of vice
Bonnie and Clyde were not buried together, as they themselves wanted, but their graves almost immediately became tourist sites, which remain to this day.
Bonnie and Clyde were forced to review the US insurance system.
The fact is that at that time life insurance guaranteed payments to relatives even if the insured were criminals and were killed by the police.
When the Parker and Barrow families received the money, the system was quickly changed.
In 1934, twenty friends and relatives of Bonnie and Clyde were convicted of harboring criminals.
Even Clyde's underage sister Mary Barrow was awarded a symbolic hour of arrest.
Bonnie's husband Roy Thornton, with whom she did not have time to officially divorce, after learning about the death of his wife, said: "I'm glad that they had so much fun.
It's much better than being caught."
Three years later, Thornton will be killed while trying to escape from prison.
Historians have been struggling for many years with the question: why did Bonnie and Clyde become popular among the mass of criminals of the Great Depression era?
Most agree that the main role was played by Bonnie's artistic nature, the press and the Puritanical mores of America of that era.
Staged photos of Bonnie, absolutely harmless from the point of view of today, then seemed the height of depravity and promiscuity.
The challenge for society was not only the crimes of Bonnie and Clyde, but also their extramarital sexual relationship, which, thanks to the efforts of the press, aroused secret desires in many Americans.
The public did not want to think that behind this beautiful picture there are ruined human lives, blood and dirt.
As he does not want to now.
Bonnie and Clyde Resonant crimes
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