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Construction Construction and Repair Garden Garden and Vegetable Garden Interior Handmade Hobby Events Self Made
Valentina Alyabyeva on October 23, 2015 at 07: 40
Garden and Vegetable garden, Landscape design
Probably, any owner of a dacha, a country house and a plot of land has thought about planting trees.
Someone wants to smooth out the appearance of a dull bare field and neighboring houses (it's good if houses, and not eternal construction sites or collapsed sheds), someone wants to tick the list "build a house, raise a son, plant a tree", someone is looking for a balance in the design of the environment.
There are many reasons, you can choose any one for yourself, and we will tell you how to perform the practical part of the case.
The choice of trees is also great.
The advantage of pine trees is that they are evergreen and grow quite quickly.
In addition, pine trees, like other coniferous trees, secrete phytoncides that purify the air from bacteria and fungi, have a beneficial effect on the human body and spread a wonderful aroma.
In this article, we will give general recommendations for transplanting pine trees and demonstrate the practical part by our own example.
Morning in the pine forest When to plant For planting seedlings of any trees and shrubs there are two seasons spring and autumn.
There is a technology for transplanting large trees in winter, during the dormant period, but this requires special equipment that allows you to extract the tree together with a large amount of land without damaging its roots.
You should not do a transplant during the period of active growth.
At this time, the trees need the maximum amount of water, and drying out and damage to the roots causes the greatest damage to the tree.
In pine, this period lasts from the beginning of the growth of young shoots to their lignification.
The most favorable time for transplanting pine trees is the middle of spring.
During the summer, the tree takes root in a new place and meets the winter in full readiness.
The beginning of autumn is also a good time.
Trees prepare for winter, slow down the processes of vital activity, which allows them to endure such a rude interference in their life.
If you did not have time to plant trees either in spring or early autumn, you can plant them later, but in this case you should cover the tree with a lapnik, spunbond or other covering material to insulate it and protect it from the active spring sun.
It will be possible to remove this protection in the spring, after all the snow has melted.
Where to get a seedling Planting material can be obtained in several ways: buy it in a forest nursery, dig it out in the "wild nature" or grow it from seeds.
Growing from seeds is an interesting, but long term activity.
You will have to wait at least two or three years.
If there is a forest nursery near you, buying a seedling there may be the best option — you will get a tree of the right age, with an intact root system.
In addition, there you can get advice and, possibly, the necessary help.
The simplest, at first glance, option is to dig a young pine tree in the forest.
It is simple in that you do not need to buy anything.
The difficulty is that you need to dig out and transport the seedling carefully so as not to damage the roots.
If you decide to dig yourself, it is best to choose a tree that will die if it is not transplanted.
There may be a lot of self seeding around adult pines, especially after the years that are fruitful for seeds.
Almost all such seedlings die due to competition among themselves and with other plants, lack of sunlight, grass burns, or will be trampled by people and animals.
Sometimes seeds scattered by birds germinate on steep crumbling slopes, from which they fall, having reached critical growth and mass.
We found just such pine trees for our plot — on a steep hillside.
But it is very inconvenient to dig out such "candidates" — it is difficult to work with a shovel where it is even difficult to just stand.
Pine trees grown on the slopes have another feature: the trunk does not grow perpendicular to the ground surface, which is not very convenient when transplanting to a flat area.
We are looking for pine trees for transplanting Trees growing on roadsides, under power lines, on the walls of existing quarries, on the sites of unfolding construction projects, etc. are also doomed to destruction.
To transplant such a tree means to save it.
Choosing a place to land Pine trees like sunny areas, but it is desirable to shade young trees at first — in natural conditions, trees do not grow in a bare place, they are given shade by accompanying plants.
Pine trees grow best on light soils — sandy and sandy loam.
If the soil is heavy (loamy and clay), additional drainage should be provided.
To do this, a 20 centimeter layer of sand or expanded clay is added to the landing pit (you can add finely broken bricks or gravel).
In nature, pine grows in a variety of soil and hydrological conditions, actively adapting to them.
The root system may have a deeply penetrating and well developed taproot, if the groundwater is deep, or it may be surface.
However, the bulk of the roots in any case is located in the upper layer of the soil, at a depth of 50-60 cm.
We decided to plant a pine tree in the far unused corner of the plot.
There our site turns into a fairly high hill — we have groundwater close, and the hill gives some reserve for root growth deep into it; perhaps this is an extra reinsurance, but we would not want the pine to die from root rot in a couple of years.
Wild apple trees growing around will play the role of nurse trees to protect the seedling from the scorching sun.
When the pine gets stronger and grows up, it will outgrow the surrounding trees and bushes and will receive a lot of sunlight.
Choosing a place for planting Preparing a landing pit If you are going to transplant a pine tree dug in the forest or in other "wild conditions", then first of all you should prepare a landing pit to immediately plant the brought seedling.
The planting pit should approximately correspond to the size and shape of the clod of earth with which the tree will be transplanted.
The larger this lump is, the less damage the root system will receive.
Calculate your strength — what size of a lump you can dig up and deliver to the landing site.
For seedlings up to 70 cm high, it is recommended that the size of the pit (and coma) is at least 60×60 cm, with a height of more than 70 cm at least 80×80 cm.
The shape is a pyramid or a cone (it is unlikely that you will be able to dig up a lump of another shape).
We dig a landing pit As already mentioned, additional drainage is necessary on heavy soils.
Taking into account the drainage, we made the landing pit a little deeper and poured about 30 cm of sand mixed with the earth extracted from the pit on the bottom.
We fill the drainage layer with Clean sand (taken from a pine forest) we have diluted it with fertile land, which will serve as fertilizer for our pine trees.
For the same reason, we did not add mineral or organic fertilizers separately to the pit; our land is good black soil, and the place for planting pine trees was virgin, so there are enough minerals for pine trees anyway.
If you want to make fertilizers, use mature compost or buy a special fertilizer for coniferous plants.
Selecting and preparing a seedling When choosing a young tree for transplanting, check it for fragility.
If the needles have turned yellow, and the tips of the branches break easily, it is possible that the tree is damaged and has begun to die.
A dead tree retains its "marketable" appearance for quite a long time; remember Christmas trees, the needles from which do not fall off, even though the tree has absolutely no roots.
When you go to dig up a seedling, take water with you and a large enough piece of cloth to wrap the excavated clod of earth with the roots.
The main root of the pine tree dies in the air after 15-20 minutes when exposed.
This is another reason why you should dig up pine trees with a sufficiently large basal lump.
After selecting a seedling, cut the turf around the perimeter with a shovel, penetrating the shovel as deep as possible into the soil.
After that, use the shovel as a lever to tear off and lift a clod of earth with roots.
We dig out a pine tree, push a wet cloth under the shovel, straighten it and lower a lump on it.
Wrap the cloth tightly around the lump and, holding it, pull out the pine tree.
First, this way you can remove a clod of earth without damaging it.
Secondly, a tightly wrapped and tied fabric will not allow anyone to fall apart during transportation.
And, finally, this will avoid drying out the root.
If you use a thin cotton sheet, then the seedling can be lowered into the planting pit right in it — the fabric will quickly rot and will not interfere with the growth of the roots.
The excavated tree is ready for transportation Planting After delivering the tree to the landing site, we pour half a bucket of water into the planting pit and simply lower the seedling there.
If the size of the clod of earth differs from the landing pit, add or remove the required amount of earth.
We water the planting pit Please note: you can not bury the root neck (i.e. the place where the tree trunk begins to branch and goes into the roots), it must be at ground level.
Otherwise, it rots, and the tree dies.
If you transplant a tree with a dense, undisturbed lump of earth, the problem with determining the depth at which the root neck should be located automatically disappears.
After planting, we will mulch the earth around the trunk.
Mulch, as you probably know, helps to retain moisture, prevents the germination of weeds and, slowly rotting, works as a soft fertilizer.
We collected fallen pine needles for mulching.
Mulch the ground around Finally, water the seedling, even if the ground is wet.
Watering not only provides a supply of water, but also improves the contact of roots with the soil, which means that it creates more favorable conditions for nutrition and damage recovery.
It is desirable to water with a watering can with a nozzle, so as not to wash out the soil.
If you want to plant several pines, place the next one about four meters from the first one.
If you plant trees too close, they will interfere with each other when they grow up.
Care after landing Special care for a pine tree planted on your site is not required.
Insulate the tree before winter, if planted in late autumn, close it from the bright spring sun, mulch the trunk circle, remove large grass around, water it in particularly dry periods (mulch will help fight drought), remove dried and diseased branches.
Properly planted pine trees will delight you with their evergreen outfit for a long time.
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