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The life and work of A. S. Pushkin
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Beginning
Expositionlife and creativity of A. S. Pushkin
The life and work of A. S. Pushkin
Alexander Sergeevich Pushkin (1799-1837)
The exhibition introduces visitors to the main stages of the poet's life and work.
1799-1811 Childhood.
Alexander Sergeevich Pushkin was born on June 6, 1799 in Moscow.
His father, retired major Sergei Lvovich Pushkin, belonged to an old, once rich, noble family, and his mother was the granddaughter of " The Blackamoor Peter the Great” (later the Russian General Hannibal).
Father and mother, captured by high society life, paid little attention to the children, of whom only three grew up: the eldest daughter Olga, sons Alexander and Lev.
The other children died in childhood.
They were brought up by frequently changing foreign tutors, about whom A. S. Pushkin had unpleasant memories.
In childhood, his best friend was his nanny Arina Rodionovna, an illiterate peasant serf, whose songs and fairy tales instilled in her pupil a love of folk poetry.
1811-1817 Lyceum years
A. Pushkin entered the Lyceum on October 19, 1811.
These years have shaped the poet's worldview and political beliefs.
Pushkin's lyceum lyrics are full of the joy of life.
At the lyceum, the poet wrote about 130 poems.
According to V. G. Belinsky, "the future national poet" is already visible in the lyceum poems.
At the beginning of June 1817, the lyceum students held their final exams.
After graduating from the lyceum, Pushkin was accepted for service in the College of Foreign Affairs.
The poet's independent life began.
1817-1820 St. Petersburg period
The years of life in St. Petersburg were for Pushkin not only a sometimes cheerful, carefree life, but also a period of rapid spiritual growth.
The young Pushkin proved to be a carrier of liberal sentiments, which were lived by progressive patriotic noble youth.
At the end of 1817, he wrote the famous ode "Liberty".
Pushkin's name became more and more famous, his work aroused interest, his political poems were especially popular.
Dissatisfied, Alexander I decides to send him to Siberia.
Only the intercession of Karamzin and Zhukovsky saved the poet from a more severe punishment: Pushkin was exiled to the south.
Officially, this link was framed as a "transfer in the service".
1820-1822 Southern exile
The years spent by A. S. Pushkin in southern exile are not only diverse and lived with a mood, but also a period of intense creativity, a time of deep reflection.
There was created a romantic elegy "The daylight has gone out", poems "The Caucasian prisoner", "The fountain of Bakhchisarai".
1824-1825 Exile to Mikhailovskoye
Here he spent two years, read and created a lot, in the evenings he listened to the fairy tales of his nanny Arina Rodionovna.
There he met Anna Kern.
Trips to the neighboring landowner Osipova brought variety to his lonely life.
In Mikhailovsky, the poet saw the life of serfs up close.
He wrote the poem "Gypsies" – his last work of a purely romantic nature.
His attention is drawn to historical topics, especially periods of coups and historical crises.
In Mikhailovsky, with great spiritual enthusiasm, he writes the historical drama "Boris Godunov", continues the novel in verse "Eugene Onegin"..
Marriage to Natalia Goncharova
On February 18, 1831, A. S. Pushkin was married to Natalia Goncharova.
Marriage became for him both a source of happiness and a cause of death.
"I am married – and happy," the poet wrote.
– One of my wishes is that nothing in my life will change, I canot wait for the best."
After the wedding, Pushkin and his wife moved to St. Petersburg.
The tsar made him a chamberlain at the court.
By granting the poet a court title, usually given only to young people, the tsar hoped not only to humiliate Pushkin, but also to undermine his public weight.
In addition, Nicholas I wanted to see the poet's wife in the palace, who attracted his attention.
In such conditions, the poet's creative work could not be intense.
Financial matters were also getting worse.
A broad lifestyle required large expenses.
The family grew up.
Children Maria, Alexander, Grigory and Natalia were born.
Two of his wife's sisters also lived with the Pushkins.
The poet gradually got into debt not only to private individuals, but also to the state: by lending money to Pushkin, the tsar hoped to enslave the poet and tie him to the court.
Since 1836, the St. Petersburg aristocratic society has entwined A. S. Pushkin and his wife with a network of intrigues and vile slander.
This was facilitated by a wanderer around the world, a French emigrant, an officer Dantes, who persistently courted Pushkin's wife.
The situation became unbearable, and on January 27, 1837, a duel took place between Dantes and Pushkin.
After terrible torments, the poet died on January 29, 1837 in his St. Petersburg apartment on Moika Street, 12.
On February 6, 1837, A. S. Pushkin was buried next to his mother in the cemetery of the Svyatogorsky Monastery.
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Address:
124 Subachiaus str., Vilnius, LT 11345
Phone / fax: 2600080.
Visit to the museum
Wednesday Sunday
from 10 to 17 hours..
info.puskino@vilniausmuziejai.lt www.vilniausmuziejai.lt
