Take part in the European Scientific Photography Contest 2015!
First aid
[edit / edit wiki text] Material from Wikipedia the free encyclopedia
The current version of the page has not yet been checked by experienced participants and may differ significantly from the version checked on November 30, 2014; checks require 23 edits.
The current version of the page has not yet been checked by experienced participants and may differ significantly from the version checked on November 30, 2014; checks require 23 edits.
Go to: navigation, Search
This article or section describes the situation in relation to only one region, possibly violating the rule of balanced presentation.
You can help Wikipedia by adding information for other countries and regions.
International symbol of First Aid
First aid is the urgent implementation of therapeutic and preventive measures necessary in case of accidents and sudden illnesses, urgent measures to help injured or sick people taken before the arrival of a medical worker or before the patient is placed in a medical institution.
Terminology and legal basis.
2 Procedure for first aid 3 Types of assistance 4 Ambulance call 5 Training 6 See also 7 Notes 8 Literature 9 References
Terminology and legal basis[edit / edit wiki text]
Until recently, there was no official terminology regarding first aid in civil medicine, which caused difficulties in interpreting the laws, their application and teaching first aid.
However, in the current version of the federal law "ON THE BASICS OF Protecting THE Health OF Citizens IN THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION"[4], ambiguities have been eliminated and article 31 gives an interpretation of the term "first aid".
The law emphasizes that first aid is not a type of medical care, and is provided to victims before medical care.
Unlike medical care, first aid can be provided by anyone.
For some categories of citizens, first aid is an obligation by law or by rule — these are traffic police officers[6], the Ministry of Internal Affairs[7], military personnel, employees and employees of the Ministry of Emergency Situations[8], fire services, occupational safety specialists, medical workers present at the scene of the accident.
In accordance with part 4 of Article 31 of Federal Law No. 323 FZ of November 21, 2011, drivers of vehicles and other persons have the right to provide first aid if they have appropriate training and (or) skills.
Medical workers who are not doctors, in addition to first aid, if possible, should also provide first aid.
The legal issue of the obligation to provide first aid to these categories of citizens during non working hours is not fully defined.
On the one hand, the obligation to provide first aid to victims for these categories of citizens is fixed in the legislation.
For example, for rescuers, it is mentioned along with other professional duties "to actively search for victims", "to take measures to save them"[8], which are imposed on the employee only during working hours.
Article 60 of the Labor Code explicitly prohibits the requirement to perform work that is not stipulated by an employment contract[9].
There is no rule or law in the Russian Federation that would oblige these categories of citizens to provide first aid to victims outside of working hours[source not specified 965 days].
On the other hand, the commentary to the Criminal Code [10] indicates, in relation to Article 124 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation "Failure to provide assistance to a patient":
A mandatory condition of responsibility for not providing assistance to a patient is the absence of valid reasons for the criminal behavior of the subject. ...
In particular, references to non working hours, fatigue, the departmental or private (non state) nature of a medical institution, etc., cannot be considered valid.
It should be noted that police and traffic police officers in Russia often, contrary to the requirements of the law, do not perform first aid duties.
One of the reasons for this is the lack of systematic training of first aid officers.[11][12]
Approximately 40 % of employees of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia believe that they are unable to provide first aid to victims.[13]
The rest of the citizens provide first aid voluntarily, to the extent of their capabilities and skills.
However, in the case when a person cannot or does not want to provide full — fledged first aid to the victim, his duties include calling specialists to provide qualified medical care this message also applies to first aid[14].
For failure to provide assistance and leaving in danger, the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation provides for liability[15][16].
Procedure for first aid [edit / edit wiki text]
Ensuring the safety of yourself and the victim.
Depending on the situation, various actions can be carried out, including the following:
Call specialists (in the simplest case - 112 from a mobile phone, from a stationary one - ambulance - "03" or rescuers- "01"; in Ukraine and Belarus- "103" and "101", respectively).
This is mandatory regardless of the availability of skills and the ability to provide other types of first aid.
Stopping bleeding Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation (CPR)
Indirect heart massage Artificial respiration
Providing physical and psychological comfort to the victim.
Prevention of complications.
Currently, the list of first aid measures is approved by Order No. 477n of the Ministry of Health and Social Development of the Russian Federation and does not include any medical measures or medical assistance[17].
But the responsibility for improper first aid remains unclear.
Types of assistance [edit / edit wiki text]
PP→PDP→PVP→KMP→SMP.[the source is not specified for 986 days]
(articles 31,32, 33, 34 of the Federal Law No. 323 FZ of 21.11.2011 "On the basics of protecting the health of citizens in the Russian Federation" in the current version)
PP — first aid (without the use of special medical instruments, equipment, medicines and medical manipulations, anyone can provide).
PDP — first pre medical care (or Primary pre medical health care) (provided by a paramedic, as well as: a nurse (brother), a pharmacist, a dentist, an obstetrician, i.e. a person with a specialized secondary medical education).
PVP — first medical aid (or Primary medical health care) (provided by any doctor who has the necessary tools and medicines, for urgent indications.
It turns out to be outside of hospital conditions or in a polyclinic, an ambulance, in the emergency department of a hospital).
KMP — qualified medical care (or Primary specialized medical and sanitary care) (by highly qualified specialists in the conditions of multidisciplinary hospitals, hospitals, trauma centers, specialized medical teams of emergency medical care).
It is divided into therapeutic and surgical.
SMP — specialized medical care (or Specialized, including high tech, medical care) (provided in the conditions of specialized clinics, hospitals, institutes and academies, by specialist doctors.
For example: neurological, abdominal, ophthalmological).
At the same time, medical assistance measures should not be confused with treatment.
Ambulance call[edit / edit wiki text]
Collect the necessary information before calling " 03 " (In Ukraine, Belarus and Kazakhstan, the ambulance call number is 103).
This will speed up the ambulance call time
Address.
Street, house, building, entrance, floor, apartment number, entrance code or intercom (this will speed up the arrival of the team to the victim).
The exact address, with landmarks, how you can drive, if the car can not drive up to the very place of the emergency, then where and who will meet.
If it is difficult to find, then where do you meet them.
It is mandatory to send a person to meet specialists.
Number of victims.
Gender.
Age.
Approximately: a teenager, about 12, etc .
What happened.
Briefly: an accident, unconscious, etc .
Who caused it — a passerby, a relative, a neighbor, etc .
Leave your phone number.
The team may have clarifications as they move to you.
This is especially important if you are somewhere on the highway or in a place that is unfamiliar to you.
Hang up the phone only after the dispatcher hangs up.
Training[edit / edit wiki text]
First aid training: work on solving a situational problem.
First aid training is mandatory for emergency personnel, such as police officers, rescuers, firefighters.
For citizens, such training is not mandatory, although it is recommended.
Knowledge and skills of first aid should be taught to students of secondary schools, vocational educational institutions in OBZH lessons or similar subjects, as well as to students of driving schools.
See also[edit / edit wiki text]
First aid The Law of the Good Samaritan Cardiopulmonary resuscitation Artificial respiration Golden Hour
First aid on Wikimedia Commons?
Notes[edit / edit wiki text]
↑ Show compactly
Краткая A brief medical encyclopedia in three volumes of the USSR Academy of Medical Sciences / Editor in Chief B. V. Petrovsky.
- 2nd ed. - Moscow: Soviet Encyclopedia, 1989.
↑ First aid.
Dictionary of medical terms.
Checked on June 27, 2009.
Archived from the original source on August 28, 2011.
Михай Mikhailova Yu.
V., Son I. M., Duty officer L. I., Chursanova A.V., Rozhkov S. A. Assistance to victims at the scene.
Questions of terminology.
// Information and Analytical Bulletin.
Social aspects of public health.
— 07.04.2008.
— № 1 2008 (5).
↑ Go to: 1 2 Federal Law No. 323 FZ of 21.11.2011 (as amended on 25.06.2012) "On the basics of protecting the health of citizens in the Russian Federation".
Verified on November 5, 2013.
Resolution of the Government of the Russian Federation No. 30 of January 22, 2007, Moscow On approval of the Regulations "On Licensing of medical activities" / / Rossiyskaya Gazeta.
— January 31, 2007.
- No. 4282 (Federal issue).
Дум The Duma will force traffic police officers to provide first aid in an accident, Lenta.
Ru (26.06.2009, 19:31:13).
Verified on June 27, 2009 .
ОБЯЗАННОСТИ DUTIES AND RIGHTS OF THE POLICE - Federal Law No. 3 FZ "On the Police" dated 07.02.2011 \ Consultant Plus.
Verified on April 25, 2013.
Archived from the original source on April 28, 2013.
↑ Go to: 1 2 Rescuers and their status.
Verified on April 25, 2013.
Archived from the original source on April 28, 2013.
ОБЩИЕ GENERAL PROVISIONS - The Labor Code of the Russian Federation (Labor Code of the Russian Federation) of 30.12.2001 N 197 FZ \ Consultant Plus.
Verified on April 28, 2013.
Archived from the original source on April 29, 2013.
Брилли Brilliantov, A.V. COMMENTARY ON THE CRIMINAL CODE OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION (Article by article).
Prospect, 2010.
Полицейских Police officers will be taught to provide first aid to victims of road accidents, Rossiyskaya Gazeta (13.02.2013).
Checked on February 13, 2013.
Полицейских Police officers will be taught to provide first aid, Pharmaceutical Bulletin (14.02.2013, 13:50:24).
Verified on February 14, 2013.
↑ http://www.mednet.ru/images/stories/files/abstracts/lisenko 1.
pdf ↑ Ilya Boyko.
First aid right or duty?
/ / magazine "Your road".
- 2008.
- No. 2 March April.
Статья Article 124.
Failure to provide assistance to a patient / / Criminal Code of the Russian Federation.
Статья Article 125.
Leaving in danger / / Criminal Code of the Russian Federation.
Приказ Order of the Ministry of Health and Social Development of the Russian Federation of May 4, 2012 N 477n Moscow.
Literature[edit / edit wiki text]
Rozhinsky M. M., Katovsky G. B. Rendering pre medical care, Medicine, Moscow, 1981.
Links[edit / edit wiki text]
There is a wikiuchebnik on the topic
"First aid"
Wikiversity has materials on the topic First Aid First Aid Handbook 12 main mistakes in first Aid.
Checked on August 9, 2010.
Archived from the original source on August 28, 2011.
First aid.
Virtual training.
Verified on June 26, 2009.
Archived from the original source on August 28, 2011.
Methods of first aid in various conditions.
Verified on September 20, 2009.
Archived from the original source on August 28, 2011.
<img src="//ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" title="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;" />
Source — "https://ru.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=First Aid&oldid=74839369"
Categories: First Aid Safety
Hidden categories: Wikipedia:Globalize Wikipedia:No sources since April 2013 Wikipedia:Articles with statements without sources for more than 14 days Wikipedia:Link to Wikimedia Commons directly in the article
Navigation
Personal Tools
You have not introduced yourself to the system Discussion Contribution Create an account Log in
Namespaces
Article Discussion
Variants
Views
Read Current version Edit Edit wiki text History
More
Search
Navigation
Title Page Heading Index A Z Selected articles Random article Current Events
Participation
Report a bug Community Portal Forum Recent edits New pages Help Donations
Tools
Links Here Related Edits Special Pages Permalink Page Information Wikidata element Quote Page
Print/Export
Create a book Download as PDF Printable version
In other projects
Wikimedia Commons Wikidata
In other languages
العربية Azərbaycanca / Bulgarian বাংলা Català Čeština Cymraeg Dansk Deutsch Ελληνικά English Esperanto Español Euskara فارسی Suomi Français ગુજરાતી עברית Gaeilge Հայերեն हिन्दी Hrvatski Bahasa Indonesia Íslenska Italiano 日本語 ქართული Kazakh 한국어 Kyrgyzcha Lëtzebuergesch Lietuvių Latviešu മലയാളം Macedonian Mongol नेपाली मराठी Bahasa Melayu Nederlands Norsk bokmål Polski Português Română संस्कृतम् Srpskohrvatski / srpskohrvatski Simple English Slovenčina Srpski Slovenscina / srpski Kiswahili Svenska Tagalog தமிழ் తెలుగు اردو Türkçe Ukrainian ייִדיש 中文 粵語
Edit links
Last modified on this page: 17: 59, November 30, 2015.
The text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution ShareAlike license; in some cases, additional conditions may apply.
For more information, see Terms of use.
Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the non profit organization Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.
Contact us
Privacy Policy Wikipedia Description Disclaimer Developers Mobile Version
