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Tatiana Morozova
Tatiana Morozova
Master
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Who did Sergei Yesenin say goodbye to in his poem " Goodbye, my friend..."?
Part 1
A piece of paper with Sergei Yesenin's farewell lines written in blood was brought to the Angleterre Hotel on December 28, 1925 by his friend, the twenty three year old poet Wolf Ehrlich and explained how he got it.
However, the investigator did not use this farewell in the case of the death of a famous Russian lyricist, fearing unnecessary questions and suspicions.
Indeed, many details in the suicide version, for example, cuts on the right hand made by a non left handed person, looked improbable.
They did not find a pen in the room with which the bloody words were written.
Sergei Yesenin had maintained friendly relations with the poet Ehrlich since April 1924, and it seemed strange that it was to this young man who met him at the Angleterre Hotel that he addressed for some reason on paper with farewell words.
It is quite possible that the investigator also thought so, explaining to "dear Vova" for what reasons this precious piece of paper is not suitable for confirming the version of suicide.
Ironically, it is this farewell seven decades later that some researchers will consider the main proof of the poet's voluntary departure from life.
Literary critics will claim that this is a clever fake: such lines, they say, could not have been written by Sergei Yesenin according to the style.
There was a version that these dying words were composed for the poet by Yakov Blumkin.
However, the examination came to the conclusion: "The handwritten text of the poem "..." was made by Sergey Yesenin himself."
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This conclusion is quite consistent with the behavior of the Trotskyists, who handed over a piece of paper with suicide lines to the Pushkin House at a devastating time for them.
It is unlikely that they would have taken the risk if this farewell was fake, besides, the poets Ehrlich and Yakov Blumkin could have come up with a text more suitable for such a sad occasion.
The last appeal to friends could sound like this: "Goodbye, dear, goodbye.
Dear ones, you are in my chest...".
It is clear from the memoirs of some Leningrad poets and writers that later Ehrlich began to reject the fact of dedicating a suicide poem to him, although in the collection of Yesenin's memory, published in 1926, he claimed, telling about the poet's last four days: "Sergei bends down to the table, rips a piece of paper from a notebook, shows from a distance: poems.
Then he says, folding the paper in four and putting it in my jacket pocket: "This is for you.
I havenot written to you yet, have I?"
In written impromptu Yesenin addressed Ehrlich, calling him by name: "Dear Vova, great...".
To whom the note was actually intended, both Ehrlich and one of the main witnesses, the journalist Georgy Ustinov, and, of course, Lev Davidovich Trotsky, who noted in his article dedicated to the poet of "Peasant Russia", knew for sure: "He left, saying goodbye in blood to an unnamed friend...", " To whom did Yesenin write in blood in his last hour?
Maybe he echoed with that friend who has not yet been born, with a person of the coming era...".
For a long time, no one questioned the statement of Wolf Erlich (Vovochka) that Sergei Yesenin wrote this poem shortly before his death.
Every line of the poet's strange farewell message, written in blood, began to be carefully analyzed after a version of the staged suicide of Sergei Yesenin appeared and developed in the nineties of the twentieth century.
There was even an assumption that the poet could address a woman friend.
In 1930, the leaflet with Yesenin's farewell was given to the Pushkin House not by "dear Vova", but by Georgy Efimovich Gorbachev, an active member of the Trotskyist Zinoviev opposition and one of the organizers of the "Litfront", which preached the views of Leon Trotsky on Soviet literature.
He explained why he had the suicide poem simply: "From Ehrlich."
In 1932, Georgy Gorbachev was expelled from the party and during the years of the Great Terror, Stalin was repressed.
Wolf Erlich managed to live five years longer than Sergei Yesenin: the ubiquitous authorities arrested him in Yerevan, from where he was probably going to move abroad.
"Dear Vova" was shot as a spy in November 1937 and the laconic creative heritage of the poet, who was akin to the revolution, was forgotten.
Thirty five years ago, the rabbi of the city of Simbirsk made a record on June 7, 1902 that " the pharmacist Joseph Lazarevich Erlich had a son from his lawful wife Anna Moiseevna, who was given the name Wolf according to the rite of the Mosaic law."
In his native city, he graduated from the gymnasium and first entered the medical faculty of Kazan University, and then switched to the historical and philological faculty.
In the difficult hungry time of 1921, Ehrlich transferred (or influential friends helped him transfer) to Leningrad and became friends with imagist poets who cultivated a "pure" image, whose literary group included Sergei Yesenin until 1924.
The aspiring poet participated in literary discussions where the party policy in art, determined by Leon Trotsky, was discussed.
Yesenin was remembered at these gatherings as a fellow traveler with the reputation of a drunken brawler who was not akin to the revolution.
In November 1923 ,the "peasant rhymers" led by him were severely worked out at a public friendly court.
More than a dozen criminal cases related to drunken fights were opened against the poet, and several times he had to sit in prison on the Lubyanka: the" brawler from Ryazan " publicly cursed the party leadership and censorship.
The last case was distinguished by political overtones: he was accused of anti Semitism and a trial was being prepared.
Yesenin did not get along with two fellow travelers on the Baku Moscow train when he was returning home with Sofia Tolstoy in the early autumn of 1925.
In September, the doctor Yuri Levit and the diplomatic courier Alfred Roga appealed to the court of the Krasnopresnensky district of Moscow through the prosecutor through the People's Commissariat of Foreign Affairs, demanding to punish their abuser.
On the advice of friends and his sister, the poet got a job in a private neuropsychiatric clinic in November and explained his decision in a letter: "I need all this, maybe, just to get rid of some scandals.
I'll get rid of it... and probably I'll go abroad."
2 comments (comment)
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russia, poets, death, poems, suicide, versions
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Home page / Culture, art, history / Who did Sergey Yesenin say goodbye to in his poem " Goodbye, my friend..."?
Part 1
Published on 13.12.2008
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Discussion of the article:
Ekaterina Elizarova
Master
December 13, 2008 at 10: 50
#
To answer
0
+1
Thank you, Tatiana, for a very interesting article!
And for your attention to the fate and work of the GREAT RUSSIAN POET SERGEI YESENIN!
Article rating: 5
Natalia Prokhorenko
Reader
January 14, 2012 at 09: 07
#
To answer
0
+1
An intriguing article.
Thank you very much for the memory of Sergei Yesenin.
You can write a novel with a sequel about the life of this talented poet, his life is so complicated.
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