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The Mysteries of Ancient Egypt
The land of the pharaohs is fraught with many mysteries, because ancient Egypt is considered one of the oldest civilizations, the level of scientific knowledge in which was very high.
Interest in the heritage of the ancient Egyptians does not cool down today.
Riddles of Ancient Egypt pyramid construction technique
Even Herodotus called the Egyptian pyramids the wonder of the world.
Even today, despite all the new discoveries in the field of studying Ancient Egypt, scientists cannot clearly and unambiguously answer the questions of exactly how the pyramids were built.
The construction of the pyramids confirms the incredibly high level of knowledge of the Egyptians in the field of astronomy, mathematics and engineering.
For example, the pyramid of Cheops is completely unmistakably oriented to the cardinal directions and points to the north.
The error detected in 1925 with the help of the most complex measurements was only 3'.
For comparison, the study cited a fact from the history of the construction of the Oranienburg Observatory in 1577, when a Danish astronomer, trying to orient the building to the cardinal directions with the help of very accurate instruments already available at that time, made a mistake by as much as 18'.
At the same time, the very error in the construction of the Egyptians is largely explained by the displacement of the northernmost point over the past millennia.
There is also practically no error in the size of the base of the pyramid.
If we take into account that it is composed of giant limestone blocks, then the maximum difference between the sides is only 20 cm, or 0.1%.
In addition, the pyramid has perfectly right angles, despite the fact that the construction was carried out not on a flat surface, but on a hilly area.
Studying the pyramids, the director of the Bourges Observatory of France, Abbe Moret, made an even more amazing discovery.
Multiplying the height of the Great Pyramid of Cheops, which was 148.21 m, by 1 million, he got a figure equal to the distance from the Earth to the Sun in kilometers.
Even more interesting patterns have been revealed in the course of scientific research in recent years.
It is established that the location and dimensions of the Sphinx and the three main pyramids in Giza correspond to the order of interaction of the Sun, Venus, Earth and Mars.
It was also established that the shape of the pyramid itself contributed to the long term preservation of mummified bodies due to a special effect that leads to dehydration of organisms.
The French researcher Anthony Bovi discovered this property of the pyramids in the 1930s, finding dogs and cats that accidentally got here in ancient passages.
Not finding a way out and dying in the walls of ancient tombs, they were not subjected to decay, but mummified themselves, perfectly preserved for a long time.
Another unique and inexplicable impact was discovered in the 1950s by an engineer from the Czech Republic, Karl Drbal.
According to his observations, sharp cuts of cutting metal products — knives, blades, scissors and others are sharpened in the pyramids themselves.
Scientists from the medical fields of science have also noticed the healing properties of the pyramids.
Their energy accelerates wound healing, slows down the aging process, raises the overall immunity of the body and improves the condition of patients who are not curable by the standards of modern medicine.
It was also found that the water placed in the pyramid eventually self cleanses, and the microbes in it die.
The processes of metal oxidation also slow down inside the pyramids.
Riddles of Ancient Egypt the invention of cosmetics
During archaeological excavations in Egypt, many ancient objects were found, indicating that the people who inhabited it were familiar with various cosmetics.
For example, caskets, marble containers with paints, mirrors, brushes and spoons, all kinds of pipes made of reeds or bones were found.
According to research by scientists, the Egyptians used makeup very actively.
At the same time, it was not the prerogative of women — eyeliner was done for both men and children.
It is established that in the 2600s BC, green tones were used for makeup.
Powder, blush and eyeliner composition were made on the basis of malachite crumbled into dust.
However, later the black color came into fashion, which was obtained using lead.
It is known that cerusite, a white lead ore, was added to cosmetics.
It had healing properties for eye diseases, for example, it relieved inflammation in conjunctivitis.
Therefore, the widespread use of eyeliner in all segments of the population remains a mystery — perhaps this was done partly for medicinal purposes.
Many texts have been found dating back to the 1500s BC and were original instructions for the use of a particular cosmetic product.
At the same time, only more than a hundred methods of treating eye diseases with the help of a "mixture for the eyelids" were described.
It was believed that multi colored paints could even resurrect from the dead.
Therefore, they were actively used in the funeral cult, during the mummification of the deceased.
The deceased was given makeup so that he could be reborn in the afterlife.
It was a kind of symbol of youth, beauty and continuation of life.
Scientists with the help of laboratory studies have also established that not only natural ingredients were present in Egyptian cosmetics, but also substances created artificially.
Such a component was phosgenium lorionite, perfectly preserved in jars with cosmetics.
This substance can be obtained from lead oxide only by combining various chemical solutions.
Therefore, the presence of this component in ancient Egyptian remedies also indicates a high level of development of scientific knowledge in the ancient civilization.
Another confirmation of the Egyptians ' deep knowledge of chemistry is the fat content of cosmetics All ointments and paints had a percentage of fat content similar to modern cosmetics.
It was found that animal fats were added to cosmetics, but special knowledge was needed for their qualitative inclusion in the composition of the mixture.
Exactly how the Egyptians achieved the right proportions and mixed substances that could not interact under normal conditions remains a mystery to scientists.
At the same time, archaeologists have not found a single ancient cosmetic laboratory.
One of the assumptions includes the version that cosmetics were made at temples and played the role of money in ancient Egypt, freely exchanging for cereals, products and other valuables.
Riddles of Ancient Egypt Tutankhamun's Tomb
The most famous and mysterious case in the study of the heritage of ancient Egypt is the discovery of the burial place where Pharaoh Tutankhamun rested.
The discovery was made in 1923 by an English expedition of 11 people, led by Professor Howard Carter.
The grandiose scientific discovery was marked by a series of events that led to the spread of the myth of the "curse of the pharaohs", which inevitably overtakes everyone who disturbs the ancient tombs.
Over the next 6 years after the opening of the tomb of Tutankhamun, all the members of this expedition died, with a very mysterious combination of circumstances.
A series of inexplicable misfortunes began with the death of the sponsor of the expedition, Lord Carnervon.
He died from a mosquito bite that infected the lord with an unknown infection.
Later, during the autopsy of the mummy, it turned out that the pharaoh himself, who was resting in the tomb, was also bitten by a mosquito in the same cheek as the deceased lord before his death.
Then, quite suddenly and for no apparent reason, a member of the expedition who was making an inventory of the objects found in the tomb died in Paris.
Other victims followed, the number of which eventually exceeded 20 people.
At the same time, it was those who were somehow connected with the excavation of the tomb who suffered.
Interested in this fact, which no longer fits into the framework of a simple coincidence, in 1993, a physician and scientist from Italy, Nicola de Paola, made a statement about the cause of the tragic events.
His research led him to the conclusion that a poisonous fungus of microscopic size was present on the mummy and all the objects that were in the tomb of Tutankhamun.
After opening the tomb, the resulting humidity and fresh air caused an active reproduction of the fungus, from which all people who came into contact with it suffered.
This statement was partly perceived as confirmation of the myth that the priests of Ancient Egypt took care of the safety of graves and used some kind of "biological weapons" to protect the souls of the pharaohs from unwanted invasions.
Conclusion
Thus, despite the long history of studying Ancient Egypt by scientists and researchers from all over the world, it still harbors many inexplicable mysteries.
Scientists still cannot fully explain either some aspects of the life of the Egyptians themselves, nor the ways of creating traditional means for that period, nor the technology of building majestic and monumental structures endowed with properties that are inexplicable even from the point of view of modern science.
Nevertheless, all scientists agree that the civilization of Ancient Egypt was so highly developed and had such deep knowledge in astronomy, medicine, chemistry, physics and other sciences that even today such knowledge could be useful to humanity.
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