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Home "Emerald Columbia" Pablo Escobar: The Cocaine King
Pablo Escobar: The Cocaine King
Nalitch 5 comments Pablo Emilio Escobar Gaviria (Spanish: Pablo Emilio Escobar Gaviria, 01.12.1949-02.12.1993) is a well known world terrorist, a Colombian drug lord who earned fabulous money in the drug business and entered world history as one of the most violent criminals of the XX century.
In 1989, according to Forbes magazine, he took the 7th position in the ranking of the richest people on the planet, with a personal fortune of US $25 billion.
According to experts, in total, Escobar is responsible for about 10 thousand human lives.
At the same time, he was a criminal with a code of honor.
For example, it was at his expense that numerous football fields for children were built in Medellin, as well as a whole quarter for the poor.
Pablo Escobar was born in 1949, 40 km away.
from Medellin (Spanish Medellín) — the city of Rionegro (Spanish Rionegro) of the department of Antioquia (Spanish Antioquia), Colombia.
He became the third child in an ordinary peasant family.
Little Pablo loved to listen to heroic stories about the legendary Colombian "banditos" (Spanish banditos): how they robbed the rich, helping the poor.
As a child, he decided that he would definitely become just such a "banditos" when he grew up.
Who would have thought that in a couple of decades the romantic dreams of a little boy would turn into a national nightmare.
The beginning of criminal activity
When Pablo was 12 years old, the family moved to the suburb of Medellin, the town of Envigado.
The teenager soon got used to marijuana, and at the age of 16, the future drug lord was kicked out of school, from that day Pablo began his career as a "banditos", stealing tombstones from a local cemetery for resale.
Then, having created a small group, he started stealing expensive cars and selling them for spare parts.
Then Escobar had another “brilliant” idea: he offered his protection to potential victims of the hijacking.
Those who refused to pay the gang soon lost their "steel horse" — this was a real racket.
Pablo Escobar
Then, from theft and racketeering, Pablo moved on to committing more serious crimes – kidnappings and murders.
By the age of 21, Pablo had many associates, and the crimes of the Escobar group were becoming more and more ruthless, cruel and sophisticated.
El Patron
In 1971, people from the Pablo Escobar gang kidnapped a wealthy Colombian landowner, industrialist Diego Echevario, who was killed after prolonged torture.
This villainy was enthusiastically received by the local peasants, the poor, who hated Echevario.
The poor of Medellin were triumphant, celebrating the death of Diego Echevario and, as a sign of gratitude, began to respectfully call Escobar "El Doctor" (Spanish: El Doctor).
Meanwhile, "El Doctor" intercepted the production of cocaine from the Chileans, turning it into a fabulously profitable business, on which he became fantastically rich, becoming one of the major criminal authorities of Medellin, and his rating in the city grew day by day.
It was at that time that the young "El Doctor" became "El Patron" (Spanish: "El Patron"), and he lived with this nickname until his death.
Drug Lord
The new generation of American hippies of the 70s was no longer content with marijuana alone.
It took a new, stronger drug cocaine, on which Pablo Escobar began to build his criminal business: he bought cocaine from manufacturers, then resold it to smugglers for transportation to the United States.
The lack of “brakes“, Pablo's constant willingness to kill, manic cruelty — all this put him out of competition.
When Escobar heard rumors about a lucrative criminal case, he simply seized it by force.
Anyone who got in his way, somehow threatening his activities, immediately disappeared without a trace.
Soon he was running almost the entire cocaine business in the country: without his permission, no drug dealer could take his goods outside the country, he removed a 35% tax on each batch of cocaine, ensuring its delivery.
Escobar's drug career was developing more than successfully — "El Patron" was literally swimming in money, having finally lost all respect for the law.
In 1976, Pablo was arrested while trying to smuggle a shipment of cocaine, and a few years later, the police officer who arrested him and the judge who issued an arrest warrant were killed on his orders.
The personal life or Women of Pablo Escobar
In 1974, when Escobar was 24, he began dating 13 year old Maria Victoria Eneo Viejo (Spanish: Maria Victoria Henao Vellejo).
When the girl's parents tried to separate them, the couple fled to Palmyra.
In March 1976, the young people got married, and soon, when Maria was not even 15 years old, their son Juan Pablo was born, and 3.5 years later their beloved daughter Manuela was born.
Since that time, the patron has become vulnerable, because the family is always an obstacle in the conduct of criminal cases.
In 2014, Juan Pablo (Sebastian Marroquin) published the book "My Father Pablo Escobar".
The top 11 statements from his book can be read here.
Throughout his life, Escobar had a huge number of extramarital affairs, was famous for his love of pedophilia, giving preference to underage girls, especially young virgins.
It is known for certain that the drug lord had more than 400 mistresses, in fact, concubines, for whom a whole small closed town was built.
Each of his mistresses (among whom there were actresses, winners of beauty contests and fashion models) had a private cottage with a swimming pool, fountains, various porticos and exquisite gazebos, each house was unique in architectural design and landscape design.
One of them was Virginia Vallejo, a successful journalist and a well known media personality on Colombian television.
They had a very serious relationship, this affair lasted for 5 years, and Vallejo was very close to her patron.
Maria Victoria Eneo Viejo, Pablo Escobar, Virginia Vallejo
In 2007, Vallejo published her memoir "Loving Pablo, Hating Escobar", in which she described in detail their romantic relationship.
The book immediately became a bestseller.
Despite all the adventures of her husband, Maria Victoria Eneo Viejo humbly supported him in everything, staying with him until the very last day of his life.
Later, when she met with the leaders of the rival Cali drug cartel, they told her that they had forced their wives to listen to recordings of her phone conversations with Escobar (which they intercepted during the ongoing war between the Cali and Medellin cartels), "in order to teach them how to support their husbands!"
The boss of the cocaine empire
In the summer of 1977 Escobar, teaming up with other major drug traffickers (Jose Rodriguez Gacha, Carlos Leder and the brothers Juan David, Jorge Luis and Fabio Ochoa), created a powerful financial cocaine empire (the "Medellin Cocaine Cartel"), which resembled a state within a state and controlled up to 80% of the world's cocaine turnover.
The cartel had a well established drug distribution network, its own underground laboratories hidden in the jungle, planes and even the latest submarines.
"El Patron" has become the absolute leader of the Medellin cartel and the most indisputable authority in the cocaine industry in the world.
He bought everything and everyone: police officers, judges, politicians.
If there was no bribery, blackmail was used.
The main rule of the criminal cartel was the following: "Pay or die".
Columbia's Robin Hood
The cartel constantly " fed " the poor, building cheap housing for them, and the grateful people chose the drug lord as a member of the National Congress.
Escobar did not deprive himself, his beloved: he had 500 thousand hectares of land, 34 estates, 40 rare cars in garages.
In the main estate of the drug lord, more than 20 artificial lakes, 6 swimming pools were dug, there was even a small airport with several runways.
It seemed that he simply did not know where to put the money.
In his most extensive estate "Naples" (Spanish "Nápoles", after the death of Escobar, this estate, according to the will of the cocaine baron, was given to homeless families), located on 20 thousand hectares, he created the largest safari zoo in South America, where exotic animals were brought from all over the world: 120 antelopes, 30 buffaloes, 6 hippos, 3 elephants and 2 rhinos were brought here.
Pablo himself did not use much cocaine.
He treated drug addicts with contempt, the millions of clients who served as the source of his untold fortune were only subhumans for him.
Medellín Pablo unfurled a large building, he paved roads, built stadiums and building free houses for the poor, which people called "Barrio Pablo Escobar" (Spanish "Barrio Pablo Escobar" — District P. E.).
Drug Lord felt a sort of Colombian Robin hood, explaining his charity to the fact that it was painful to see the suffering of the poor.
Political career
The cocaine baron was looking for a way to legalize his business, and in 1982 Escobar ran for the Colombian Congress, becoming a member of Parliament at the age of 32: now the drug lord No. 1, elected to the House of Representatives, led seminars on human rights.
Next, he aimed at the chair of the president of the country.
But then the Minister of Justice, Rodrigo Lara Bonilla, appeared on his way, who launched a massive campaign against investing cocaine money in the election race, on his initiative, P. E. was expelled from the Colombian parliament at the beginning of 1984.
Revenge followed without delay: on April 30, 1984, the minister's Mercedes was shot at point blank range from a machine gun on one of the central streets of Bogota.
For the first time in Colombia, an official of such a high rank was killed by bandits, from that day on, the terror of the drug mafia began to spread throughout the country, to which the state responded with an all out war.
Terrorism
Escobar created a terrorist group "Los Extraditables "(Spanish:" Los Extraditables"), whose bandits raided officials and police officers — everyone who was against the drug trade.
After the daring murder of the minister, a warrant was issued for the arrest of the drug lord, and he was forced to "lie low".
To show that he was not broken, Escobar hired a large group of guerrillas to commit sabotage, arming them with machine guns, grenades and portable rocket launchers.
Saboteurs, suddenly appearing in the center of the capital, seized the Palace of Justice, inside which there were several hundred people.
The partisans opened indiscriminate fire, destroyed all the documents related to the extradition of criminals from the drug mafia.
Large army and police forces were urgently brought into Bogota.
But only the assault battalions, supported by tanks and combat helicopters, managed to retake the Palace of Justice, while more than 100 people were killed.
Meanwhile, the authorities continued their offensive against the drug cartel.
In 1986, an operation began to search for one of the leaders of the drug cartel, Jorge Luis Ochoa, who offered a $ 4 million reward for the murder of the American ambassador Tambs.
In 10 days, about 2.5 thousand people were arrested in the country, 2 tons of cocaine, 10 tons of cocaine paste, 48 tons of coca leaves, 11 drug planes, more than 200 automatic weapons, 38 thousand cartridges, 11 tons of acetone, 100 tons of various chemicals, 1 thousand dynamite sticks were confiscated.
In 1987, a US court sentenced one of the bosses of the Medellin Cartel, Carlos Lehder, to life imprisonment and another 135 years.
Even while in hiding, Escobar unleashed global terror in the country to show everyone who is the real boss here: in less than 2 years, the number of victims of mercenaries reached 1,000 people, including judges, journalists who opposed the drug mafia, about 600 police officers.
On the orders of a drug lord who bit the bit, an airliner with 107 passengers on board was blown up.
Escobar's target was Cesar Gaviria Trujillo, the future president of Colombia, who was going to fly on this flight, but at the last moment refused to fly.
During the assassination attempt on the boss of the secret police, Miguel Marquez, organized by "El Patron" on December 6, 1989, more than 62 people were killed by a bomb explosion, 100 people were seriously injured.
The war declared by the Colombian drug mafia
The US authorities joined the war with the Colombian drug mafia, which offered to expel drug lords for detention in their prisons, where pay off was excluded.
Thanks to American financial assistance, the law enforcement agencies of Colombia managed to organize a counteroffensive against the cocaine cartel, then as a result of only one operation, 989 houses and farms, 367 planes, 710 cars, 5 tons of cocaine and 1,279 units of military weapons were confiscated from Pablo Escobar.
The criminal cartel responded to every blow of the government with a counterattack: arson of houses, murders of political officials, explosions of party headquarters, publishing houses, banks.
So, in September 1989, the central office of the liberal newspaper "El Espectador" was blown up, in November a plane flying from Bogota to Cali burned down, and on Christmas Eve the headquarters of the state police in the capital of the country was blown up.
Before the elections, the terror of the cocaine cartel took on an unprecedented scale: dozens of people were killed by killers every day.
By the beginning of the 90s Escobar was one of the richest people in the world, and in 1989, Forbes magazine estimated the Cocaine king's fortune at $ 47 billion.
The Colombian drug lord topped the list of criminals most wanted by the United States.
He was being hunted by an elite special forces unit, which had the task: to catch or destroy Escobar.
The authorities of Colombia created a "Special search Group", which included the best specialists of the special services, the army and the prosecutor's office.
Soon, several people close to him were behind bars.
People from the Escobar gang took several influential people of the country hostage.
The drug lord believed that under pressure from the rich relatives of the abducted, the government would cancel the agreement with the United States on the extradition of drug traffickers.
The drug king's plan was successful, the extradition was canceled, but, taxed from all sides, on June 19, 1991, he himself surrendered to the authorities.
Pablo Escobar agreed to plead guilty to only a few crimes on the condition that he would be forgiven for his past sins.
Incarceration behind "bars"
Even the punishment turned out to be not quite ordinary: the most brutal terrorist in the world was serving time in the prison "La Catedral" (Spanish: La Catedral), where there was a swimming pool, a disco, a Jacuzzi, a sauna and even a large football field.
The patron was visited by friends, confidants and women, and the family visited Escobar at any time.
At the same time, the "Special Group" did not have the right to approach "La Catedral" closer than 20 km.
He himself went and came when he wanted, regularly visited the nightclubs of Medellin, restaurants and football matches.
Moreover, Escobar was still in charge of the drug business.
There was a case when one day, having learned that his partners were "ratting" money, he ordered his henchmen to bring them to "La Catedral", where he personally subjected the perpetrators to sophisticated tortures, drilling the victims ' knees and pulling out their nails, then giving an order to kill them and take the corpses away.
La Catedral Prison
The escape
When these facts became public, on July 22, 1992, President Gaviria ordered the transfer of the cocaine baron to a real prison.
When Escobar found out about this decision, he decided that he had already "had enough" and ran away.
But there were few places where he could find shelter for himself.
The governments of Colombia and the United States were determined to put an end to the" Medellin Cocaine Cartel " and its leader, friends were leaving him.
However, Pablo continued to consider himself a more significant figure than it really was: he still had huge financial opportunities, but he had already lost real power.
The drug lord tried to negotiate with the government by concluding a deal with justice, but the President of Colombia and the US authorities did not want to enter into negotiations with him and decided to catch and eliminate Escobar.
A reward of $ 10 million was set for the head of the cocaine king (the amount corresponding to the salary of the president of Colombia for almost 200 years!), this was at that time the largest reward for the capture of a criminal.
Meanwhile, while at large, the drug lord made another attempt to intimidate the government with brutal terror: on 30.01.1993, he organized an explosion on a crowded street in the capital, as a result of the terrorist attack, more than 20 people were killed and about 70 were seriously injured.
The hunt for "El Patrona"
With this merciless terrorist attack, the drug lord brought trouble upon himself — a new organization "Los PEPES" ("People affected by P. E.") joined the fight against him.
The day after the explosion in Bogota, members of "Los PEPES" burned down the house of Pablo Escobar.
The relatives of the victims, on his orders, began hunting down members of the drug cartel and his relatives, and they acted as cruelly as the cocaine mafia, having thoroughly frightened it.
Los Pepes began to persecute everyone who was in any way connected with Escobar and his cocaine empire: they were all simply killed.
In a short time, the organization caused great damage to the cartel, many of its close associates were killed, opponents persecuted the drug lord's family, burned his estates.
In the fall of 1993, the Medellin cartel collapsed.
Pablo himself was more concerned about his family, he was seriously alarmed, because if the family was discovered, Los Pepes would destroy it, sparing no one.
The death of Pablo Escobar or the End of the era of the Cocaine King
Hiding, he did not see his wife and children for more than a year, and, knowing about the constant surveillance, he even spoke very briefly on the phone.
On December 1, 1993, "El Patron" turned 44 years old, and this time he lost his nerves: the next day, 02.12.1993, he called his family, as if he wanted to say goodbye.
The last person he talked to was his son, they stayed on the line for almost 5 minutes, 2 times longer than the security measures required.
That was enough time to spot Escobar in the Medellin district of Los Olibos.
Soon the house where he was hiding was surrounded by special agents, two of them broke down the door, breaking inside.
The former leader of the Colombian drug mafia knew about their approach, but everything happened so quickly that he did not even have time to put on his shoes.
In the house were Escobar himself, his faithful sicario Alvaro de Jesus Agudelo (Spanish: Alvaro de Jesús Agudelo), nicknamed Lemon (Spanish: El limón), who was killed first, and the owner of the house — Escobar's own aunt.
Firing back, Pablo climbed out of the window, trying to escape from the pursuit on the roofs.
The sniper's bullet (or the "El Patron" himself | not proven) caught up with him, hitting him in the head.
The drug king died instantly.
The others immediately went up to the roof to take a picture with an expensive "trophy", later this photo flew around the whole world.
The scene of his death was depicted in the famous painting by the Colombian painter Fernando Botero.
"Better a grave in Colombia than a prison in the USA" © Pablo Escobar
On December 3, 1993, thousands of Colombians took to the streets of Medellin: someone came to mourn him, and someone rejoiced.
But today, when asked who Pablo Escobar was, none of the inhabitants of the slum in Medellin will say a bad word about him, even though the patron was one of the most vicious terrorists and violent criminals on the planet.
His portraits are sold next to those of Che Guevara.
In some places, he is revered as a saint, and pilgrimages are still made to his grave.
The legend of the "Cocaine King" is one of the main reasons for the tourist success of Medellin, and its museum is visited by tens of thousands of tourists every year.
Today, many people are interested in the question, where is Pablo Escobar buried?
His grave is located in the cemetery of Montesacro (Spanish Cementerio de Montesacro) in the south of Medellin.
Pablo's Grave
Narcos
In 2015, the American film studio Netflix released the acclaimed television series "Narcos" (Narcos), the plot of which, of course, focuses on the formation of Escobar as the head of the Medellin cocaine cartel.
The role of Pablo was played by the Brazilian theater and film actor Wagner Maniçoba de Moura (port.
Wagner Maniçoba de Moura).
In September 2016, the second season of the series was released.
Some rules of Escobar's life
(Quotes from the statements of the drug lord and excerpts from his suicide letter)
I am a modest person, I just export flowers.
The one who has something to say, more often than not lchit.
I know that my lifestyle seems excessive to many people, but what should I do with my money?
In this life, I can find a replacement for any thing, but I will NEVER be able to find a replacement for my wife and children.
Every person is a saint for someone.
Although many people say that I am a terrorist, I have always acted as a man of duty.
I believe that every person should fight for his family and his property, and if he needs weapons for this, so be it.
You can consider me a God!
After all, if I decide that someone is destined to die, he will die on the same day.
For some reason, many people forget about how much I have done for the poor.
I am very proud that I was called the Robin Hood of all the "Paisa" (residents of northwestern Colombia).
Even government officials cannot deny that I have done more for the poor than they all put together in all my worthless lives.
I'd rather rot in the soil of Colombia than live in a US prison.
America is 200 million idiots, led by 1 million special agents.
All empires are always built on blood and fire.
There is nothing more terrible than a person in power who has personal problems.
Everything in the world has its price, and the most important thing is the ability to correctly determine it.
In our world, money is NEVER pure.
I did not earn my fortune and achieve power in order to exist like a rat.
Every year it becomes more and more difficult to foresee the future.
Never trust anyone, and especially yourself.
There is nothing more valuable than a given promise.
There is nothing more shameful than to break it.
The best way to deal with your enemies is simply to stop noticing them.
No creature can ever catch me, I can kill them all.
You canot cheat Death, but you can make friends with it.
When you're dead, you have nothing to be afraid of anymore.
It is impossible to know which of the bullets will kill you, because they do not write names on them.
All I wanted was to make my Columbia a better place.
If there is a PARADISE, I can always count on it!
For each of your repost - thank you very much!
Gracias!
Similar pages:
Miguel Rodriguez Orejuela
Gustavo Gaviria: "The brain of the cartel"
Colonel Horatio Carrillo
Roberto "El Osito" Escobar: Cartel Accountant
Judy Moncada: "Black Widow"
Discussion: 5 comments
Nalitch:
30.06.2016 at 02: 16
I donot know...maybe I'm sorely mistaken...but I personally admire Pablo Escobar…
To answer
The Colombian:
20.08.2016 at 12: 12
He still brought the government to its knees, even at the cost of thousands of lives.
As we know, " All empires were built on blood."
Yeah..... now you canot get close to the corrupt government).
To answer
cust:
13.09.2016 at 14: 21
Pablo is a handsome man!
To answer
Anonymous:
25.09.2016 at 15: 01
and as usual, the Americans climbed here too!!!
and the most important bandits are the authorities!!!
To answer
Naids:
20.12.2016 at 17: 06
The Americans took everything for themselves.
To answer
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