Nikolskaya Street (Moscow)
[edit / edit wiki text] Material from Wikipedia the free encyclopedia
Go to: navigation, Search
Nikolskaya Street
Moscow
General Information Country Russia
The city of Moscow
CAO District
Tverskoy District
The nearest metro stations are Lubyanka, Teatralnaya, Revolution Square, Okhotny Ryad
Former names Sretenskaya Street, 25 October Street
Postal code 109012
Phone numbers +7(495) XXX----
on OpenStreetMap on Google Maps Nikolskaya Street on Wikimedia Commons
Coordinates: 55°45 '26" s.
w.
37°37 ' 21 " v. d. / 55.7572611° s.
w.
37.6226833° v. d. / 55.7572611; 37.6226833 (G) (O)
(I) Show a geographical map
This term has other meanings, see Nikolskaya Street.
Nikolskaya Street (in 1935-1990 October 25 Street) is a street in the Tversky District of the Central Administrative District of Moscow, one of the main streets of Kitay Gorod.
It runs from Red Square to Lubyanka Square.
The houses are numbered from Red Square.
Nikolskaya is one of the oldest streets in Moscow.
Here were the Printing Yard, the Nikolo Greek Monastery (Nikola Stary), the Slavic Greek Latin Academy, the Military College of the Supreme Court of the USSR.
Content
[remove]
1 Origin of the name 2 Borders 3 History 4 Notable buildings and structures 4.1 On the odd side 4.2 On the even side
5 See also 6 Notes 7 References 8 References
Origin of the name[edit / edit wiki text]
The name Nikolskaya comes from the monastery of St. Nicholas the Old, placed on the Vladimirskaya Road, on the part of it where the street itself is now located
Before the construction of the Kitay Gorod wall in 1534-1538, the street called Sretenskaya was one with the current Lubyanka and Sretenka streets (the route of the ancient Vladimir road).
The name Nikolskaya, first mentioned in 1547, referred to its part within the Kitay Gorod.
In 1935-1990, the street was called October 25 Street — in memory of the fact that it was from this street that the Red Guards fired at the Kremlin during the October battles and broke into it through the Nikolsky Gate knocked out by shells.
Borders[edit / edit wiki text]
Until the end of the XV century, that is, before the creation of Red Square, the street led directly to the Nikolsky Gate of the Kremlin; then it began to flow into Red Square.
From the opposite, north eastern end, the border of the street from the 1530s was formed by the wall of Kitay Gorod with the Nikolsky Gate, then called the Vladimir Gate (after the church of the icon of the Vladimir Mother of God built in 1694).
In 1708, when Moscow was being prepared for the invasion of Charles XII, the gates were sealed up, and bastions were built in front of them; departure from Kitay Gorod began to be made through the Broken gates punched in the wall at Maly Cherkassky Lane.
History[edit / edit wiki text]
In 1292, the Bogoyavlensky Monastery was founded on the Vladimir Road, which is still recalled by the name of Bogoyavlensky Lane and the former cathedral of the monastery in this lane, at the exit of the Revolution Square metro station (1696).
In 1390, the Monastery of St. Nicholas the Old was founded next to the Epiphany Monastery.
Apparently, it originally faced Vetoshny Lane; in 1836, I. M. Snegirev, examining the Kazan courtyard, found traces of this monastery (a building of the XV—XVI century with two floors, with cells, dungeons for monks in the basement of another building and traces of a church).
The ground in front of the monastery Ivan the terrible gave Greek monks under the Athonite metochion of the monastery, and in 1653 Alexis, in gratitude for the brought to Moscow a copy of the Iveron mother of God, gave to St. Nicholas Greek Athonite monastery of Iveron monastery (St. Nicholas monastery is located on the site of the present possession of the No. 11).
The land and buildings at the Vetoshny lane moved to the Kazan compound.
In 1563-1564, a Printing yard was built next to the Nikolsky Monastery, where Ivan Fedorov printed the famous "Apostle"in 1564.
In 1645-1646, T. Sharutin and I. Neverov built a stone building of the Printing Yard with a tower, on the site of which in 1814 (after dismantling the dilapidated buildings) A. N. Bakarev and I. L. Mironovsky erected a modern, Gothic style building.
Until 1918, it housed the Synodal Printing House, in Soviet times the Historical and Archival Institute.
From the buildings of the XVII century, only the stone two story Regular (correction) Chamber in the courtyard (1679) has been preserved.
In 1660, the Spassky Monastery, known as Zaikonospassky (since it was located behind the icon rows), was built next to the Nikolsky Monastery (possessions No. 7-9).
In 1665, a school was established in it, which was headed by Simeon Polotsky and in which, in particular, Sylvester Medvedev studied.
In 1680, a school was also opened at the Printing Yard, and in 1687 they were merged into the Slavic Greek Latin Academy in the Zaikonospassky Monastery; the Fraternal Building (dormitory) was preserved from the academy buildings.
At the beginning of the street, on Pozhar (Red Square), there were Upper Shopping Malls, on the site of which a modern building was built at the end of the XIX century, originally with the same name (now GUM).
Saddlebag, Boiler Room, Iron Upper, Korobeyny and Silver rows faced Nikolskaya.
In addition, there was an Icon Row on the street near Bogoyavlensky Lane — the center of icon trade in Moscow.
On the opposite side of the street from the shopping malls, at the Resurrection Gate of Kitay Gorod, in the XVII century there was a Zemsky Prikaz; next to Prince D. M. Pozharsky, in memory of the liberation of Moscow from the Poles, the Kazan Cathedral was built (when taking Kitay Gorod, the Poles were driven to the Kremlin along Nikolskaya Street).
The cathedral was demolished in the 1930s, restored in the 1990s.
In the XVII century, the street was built up with the courtyards of the most noble boyars and, one of the few in Moscow, was paved with boards stuffed over logs of ordinary pavement.
The names of Bolshoy and Maly Cherkassky lanes remind of the court of the Princes of Cherkassky (No. 10 on the street), which was the largest possession on the street in the Petrine era.
In 1747, the yard passed to the Sheremetevs, whose ancestral home was located next to the Printing Yard.
In 1808, the Sheremetyevo house passed to the bookseller Glazunov, who opened the largest bookstore in Moscow with a library there.
Nikolskaya street around 1900 View from Red Square.
On the left, you can see the buildings that belonged to the St. Nicholas Monastery (Nos. 11 and 13), then, with turrets, the Synodal Printing House (Printing Yard).
Opposite is the corner of Bogoyavlensky Lane with Chizhovsky farmstead (in the vernacular Chizhovka)
At the beginning of the XIX century, Nikolskaya was the center of the Moscow book trade: there were 26 bookstores out of 31 existing in Moscow on it and the adjacent Novaya Square; numerous second hand bookstores existed there (at Tretyakov Passage and the Kitaygorodskaya Wall) back in the early XX century.
At the end of the street was the house of the Academy of Sciences with an academic bookstore.
The beginning of the street was transformed in the 1890s with the construction of two large shopping centers: the Upper Shopping Rows (present GUM, 1893), and opposite them Nikolsky Rows (1900)
In the second half of the XIX century, Nikolskaya, like other streets of Kitay Gorod, was the business center of Moscow; there were offices of the largest Russian entrepreneurs, as well as a prestigious hotel with a restaurant "Slavyansky Bazaar" (since 1872, house No. 17; the rebuilt Sheremetyevo house was built in 1781).
At the same time, the Sheremetyevs continued to own house No. 10, where in the 1860s they built the current building for renting out premises for commercial purposes — "Sheremetyevo farmstead" (apparently, having done this following the example of the merchants of the Chizhov brothers, who built the Chizhovsky farmstead nearby in 1852).
The former Sheremetyevo possessions behind the "Slavic Bazaar" passed to Sergei Tretyakov, the brother of P. M. Tretyakov and one of the founders of the Tretyakov Gallery; in 1871, a passage named "Tretyakov" was laid on this place, and the Tretyakov Gate, which has been preserved to this day, was arranged in the wall of the Chinese City.
On the site of the former house of the Academy of Sciences (No. 21), in 1896, a luxurious pharmacy by Karl Ferrein was built (in Soviet times — Pharmacy No. 1, later - again "pharmacy Ferrein"; architect A. E. Erichson).
The next house, at the former Vladimir Gate (No. 23), in Soviet times was occupied by the Military Collegium of the Supreme Court of the USSR.
In 1926-1948, its permanent head was the armvoenyurist (then Colonel General of Justice) V. V. Ulrich.
During the Stalinist repressions, executions may have been carried out in the basements of the building.
In 2007, 81 human skeletons and a 1903 Browning pistol were found in the basement of the Chizhovsky farmstead (house No. 8; in some reports it is incorrectly called "Sheremetyevo").
It is assumed that these are victims of repression during the Stalin era or the Civil War; it has also been suggested that the skeletons belong to the churchyard of the Assumption Church on the Chizhevsky farmstead, around which there was a cemetery before the construction of the Chizhovsky farmstead (until 1848), and are not associated with a pistol[1][2].
In August 2013, after the reconstruction, the street became pedestrian[ ].
Notable buildings and structures[edit / edit wiki text]
On the odd side[edit / edit wiki text]
No. 3 Kazan Cathedral (1993, architects O. I. Zhurin, G. Ya. Mokeev[4]) No. 5/1, p. 1 The Red Mint and the house of the provincial government (1680, facade; 1740, architect P. I. Heyden), an object of cultural heritage of federal significance[4].
No. 5/1, p. 3 Nikolsky (Iversky) shopping malls (1899-1900, architects L. N. Kekushev, S. S. Shutsman[5]), an object of cultural heritage of federal significance[4][6].
No. 7-9, p .
1, 2 Chambers (XVII century), an object of cultural heritage of federal significance[4].
No. 7-9, p. 3 The Cathedral of the Zaikonospassky monastery.
"Lower Church", 1660-1661, "Upper Church", rebuilt in 1715 by architect I. P. Zarudny; restored in 1742 by architect I. F. Michurin.
An object of cultural heritage of federal significance[4].
No. 7-9, p .
4 (facing the street, left part) - Shopping malls of the Zaikonospassky Monastery (1890s, architect M. T. Preobrazhensky, construction was carried out by S. Among the Nightingales)[7].
No. 7-9, p .
4 (facing the street, right part) - An apartment house of the Zaikonospassky monastery (1900, architect Z. I. Ivanov)[7].
No. 7-9, p. 5 - The school of the Slavic Greek Latin Academy (1822, architect Yakovlev), an object of cultural heritage of federal significance[4].
No. 11-13 the complex of buildings of the Nikolsky ("Nikola the Old") Greek monastery (end of the XVII century beginning. XX century.)
:  No. 11-13, p. 2 Commercial building (1895, architect K. F. Busse), an object of cultural heritage of regional significance [4] No. 11-13, p. 3 Cells of the Nikolsky Monastery (end of the XVII century beginning of the XVIII century; 1895, architect K. F. Busse), an object of cultural heritage of regional significance[4] No. 11-13, p. 4 Monastic warehouses (1895, architect K. F. Busse), an object of cultural heritage of regional significance[4] No. 11-13, p. 5 Commercial building of the Nikolsky Monastery (1893, architect K. F. Busse), an object of cultural heritage of regional significance [4] No. 13 trading house with the bell tower of the Nikolo Greek Monastery (1901, architect G. A. Kaiser)
Moscow Printing Yard (No. 15)
No. 15 Moscow Printing Yard (building from the street side: 1811-1815, architects A. N. Bakarev, I. L. Mironovsky; side buildings: ser.
XVIII century, architects D. V. Ukhtomsky, I. F. Michurin, built in 1890 by S. S. Slutsky;
The correct and Book cleaning chambers: 1679, architects S. Dmitriev, I. Artemyev, restored in 1872-1875 by N. A. Artleben)[7].
No. 17, p .
1, 2 - Hotel with restaurant "Slavyansky bazaar" (1780, architect V. P. Yakovlev; the first half of the XIX century; 1870, architect R. A. Gedike; 1871-1875, architect A. E. Weber).
The existing building is based on one of the buildings of the Synodal Printing House of the late XVIII century.
In 1875, architects A. L. Gun and P. E. Kudryavtsev designed a concert hall in the building "Russian Chamber "(another name is"Conversation") [7].
The restaurant building burned down in 1993, the premises of the former hotel house the Chamber Music Theater named after B. A. Pokrovsky[6].
No. 19-21/1, p. 2 Tretyakov Passage (1870-1871, architect A. S. Kaminsky).
It was built by order of the brothers Pavel and Sergey Tretyakov specifically for laying the passage.
An eclectic building with a travel arch opens onto Tretyakov Proezd Street[7][6].
No. 19-21, p. 3 The House of the clergy with the shop of the Church of St. Trinity, in the Old Fields (late XVIII century; 1816-1823; 1870; 1894, architect A. E. Erikhson), a valuable city forming object[4]
Ferreina apartment house and pharmacy (No. 21)
No. 21 is an apartment house and pharmacy of the Master of Pharmacy V. K. Ferrein (1884-1899, architect A. E. Erikhson); the facade of the building is made in the neo Baroque style, and the part facing the courtyard is in the Neo Gothic style[8] No. 23 is the building of the Moscow Craft Council (based on the chambers of I. I. Khovansky of the 2nd half of the XVII century, the house of N. P. Sheremetev of the 1790s), 1866, arch.
Sheyasov, Rebuilt in 1895 by the architect V. G. Sretensky.
The writer and philosopher N. V. Stankevich (1835) lived here.
In 1935-1950, the Military Collegium of the Supreme Court of the USSR was located here — one of the main centers of Stalin's mass political repressions No. 25 the Nautilus Shopping Center (architect A. R. Vorontsov[4]).
The building of the shopping center is called among the examples of the so called "Luzhkovsky style" in the architecture of Moscow.[9]
On the even side[edit / edit wiki text]
No. 4/5, Central Federal District Shevaldyshevskoe farmstead A large city hotel (2nd half of the XVIII century; 1873, architect N. I. Finisov; 1880, architect D. N. Chichagov; 1910, architect I. P. Zlobin)[4][7].
No. 6, Central Federal District - Trading House of the Alekseev brothers (Prokhorovskaya Trekhgornaya Manufactory Bogoyavlensky Monastery) (1910, architect N. N. Blagoveshchensky)[4][7].
No. 6/2, p. 1 the profitable house of the Epiphany monastery (1905, built on the site of the demolished temple of the XVII century).
Currently, it is located in the department of the FSO.
No. 8/1 complex of buildings of the Chizhevsky farmstead:
p .
1A, Central Federal District an apartment house of the Chizhevsky farmstead (based on the Saltykov estate) (1760; 1849; 1860; 1947 the device in the first floor of the passage to the lobby of the metro station "Revolution Square"; the beginning of the XX century)[4]; p. 1B, Central Federal District an apartment house of the Chizhevsky farmstead (1849; the end of the XIX century)[4]; p. 3B, 3G, 3D, CGFO an apartment house of the Chizhevsky farmstead (1870; 1881, architect A.V. Petrov, D. A. Gushchin, V. A. Gamburtsev; the beginning of the XX century)[4]; p. 4 apartment house of the Chizhevsky farmstead (XIX century; 1898, architect N. A. Tyutyunov[4]);
The Church of the Assumption of the Most Holy Theotokos on the Chizhevsky farmstead (No. 8/1, p. 5)
p .
5, an architectural monument (federal) - the Church of the Assumption of the Most Holy Theotokos on the Chizhevsky farmstead (1691) [4].
The passage (in the courtyard) was built in 1902 by the architect B. N. Schnaubert.
Initially, the church faced Nikolskaya Street, but after the construction of the complex of buildings of the Chizhevsky farmstead, it was separated from it[7].
No. 10/2 the complex of buildings of the Sheremetyevo farmstead:
p .
1 commercial building with a hotel (1862, architect A. S. Nikitin).
The building is close to late classicism in its architectural forms.
Various shops were located in the typical retail cells of the first floor, and a hotel was located in the upper floors[7][6]; p. 2A, 2B, Central Federal District Commercial Building (1890-1900; 1906-1907, architect A. F. Meisner; 1912)[4][6]; p. 3A, Central Federal District a commercial building with a hotel (1902; 1906-1907, architect A. F. Meisner; 1912) [4].
No. 12/2/1, Central Federal District Orlov Davydov apartment house with shops (1870, architect R. A. Gedike; 1880, architect V. V. Barkov; 1910; 1935, architects D. F. Friedman, I. I. Loveyko)[4][6].
See also[edit / edit wiki text]
Nikolsky Puffin (Kitay Gorod) Moscow State Academic Chamber Music Theater named after B. A. Pokrovsky
Notes[edit / edit wiki text]
↑ Website of the newspaper "Vechernaya Moskva": "Corpses from the basement on Nikolskaya: Burial?
Execution?".
↑ Website of the newspaper "Novye Izvestia": "The prosecutor's office did not initiate a case against a mass grave in Moscow." оль Nikolskaya street in the center of Moscow has become pedestrian | RIA Novosti ↑ Go to: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 Register of historical and cultural monuments.
The official website of "Moskomnaslediya".
Verified on September 10, 2012.
Archived from the original source on October 23, 2012.
На Nashchokina M. V. Moscow Art Nouveau.
- 2nd ed. - Moscow: Giraffe, 2005.
- pp.
262-263 — - 560 p. - 2500 copies.
— ISBN 5-89832-042-3.
↑ Go to: 1 2 3 4 5 6 Moscow Trade // Moscow heritage.
— 20015.
— № 5 (41).
— Pp.
18-19.
↑ Go to: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Moscow: Architectural guide / I. L. Buseva Davydova, M. V. Nashchokina, M. I. Astafyeva Dlugach.
- Moscow: Stroyizdat, 1997.
- pp.
42-45 — - 512 p.
— ISBN 5-274-01624-3.
Kostenko Popova, Olga.
The background of Moscow.
Where did the "barbaric" Gothic buildings come from in our capital?
/ / Arguments and facts.
- 2014.
- No. 28 (1757) for July 9 — - p.
43. (Checked on November 8, 2015) ↑ N. Malinin.
Flying from keech to camp.
The last act of the Luzhkov style: "Moscow dope".
Nezavisimaya Gazeta (June 11, 1999).
Checked on December 25, 2009.
Archived from the original source on March 1, 2012.
Literature[edit / edit wiki text]
Litvinov, S.
The history of Nikolskaya street / / Fatherland.
Vol. 10. - M., 1997.
Muravyev, V.
The Holy Road: The history of Moscow streets — - M., 2003.
Sytin, P. V.
From the history of Moscow streets — - M., 1999.
Fedosyuk Yu.
A. Moscow in the Garden Ring.
- Moscow: AST, 2009 — - 446 p.
— ISBN 978-5-17-057365-3.
Links[edit / edit wiki text]
The history of Nikolskaya Street
[show]
Streets of Moscow: CAO, Tverskoy district Main highways:
Mokhovaya / Okhotny Ryad / Teatralny Proezd • Lubyansky Proezd • Boulevard Ring : Tverskaya Boulevard / Strastnoy Boulevard / Petrovsky Boulevard • Garden Ring : Bolshaya Sadovaya / Sadovaya Triumfalnaya / Sadovaya Karetnaya / Sadovaya Samotechnaya • Third transport Ring : Sushchevsky Val • Tverskaya / 1st Tverskaya Yamskaya • Petrovka / Karetny Ryad / Krasnoproletarskaya • Bolshaya Dmitrovka ~ Malaya Dmitrovka / Dolgorukovskaya / Novoslobodskaya • Butyrsky Val • Lesnaya • Samotechnaya • Seleznevskaya • Tsvetnoy Boulevard
Squares:
Krasnaya * Birzhevaya • Borovitskaya • Wrestling • Barbarian Gate • Vasilievsky Descent • Pop Stars • Ilyinsky Gate • Lubyanskaya * Manezhnaya • Miusskaya • Novaya * Petrovsky Gate • Pushkinskaya * Revolutions • Samotechnaya • Slavyanskaya • Staraya * Suvorovskaya • Tverskaya * Tverskaya Zastava • Teatralnaya • Triumfalnaya • Trubnaya
China City:
Bogoyavlensky lane • Varvarka • Vetoshny Lane • passage of the Resurrection Gate • Ilyin ka • Ipatievsky lane • Kitaygorodsky passage • Kremlin passage • Kremlin Embankment / Moskvoretskaya Embankment • Moskvoretskaya * Nikitnikov Lane • Nikolskaya • Nikolsky Lane • Rybny Lane • Staropansky lane • Tretyakov Passage • Crystal Lane • Maly / Bolshoy Cherkassky Lane
Streets inside
Boulevard Ring:
Bryusov Lane • Voznesensky pereulok • Gazetny Pereulok • Georgievsky Pereulok • Glinishchevsky Pereulok • Maly / Bolshoy Gnezdnikovsky Pereulok • Dmitrovsky Pereulok • Kamergersky Pereulok • Kozitsky lane • Kopyevsky lane • Krapivensky lane • Kuznetsky Bridge • Leontievsky Lane • Manezhnaya • Neglinnaya • Nikitsky Lane • Petrovsky Lines • Petrovsky Lane • Polytechnic Passage • Rakhmanovsky Lane • Stoleshnikov lane • Tverskaya proezd
from the boulevard
to Sadovoye:
Blagoveshchensky Lane • Bolshaya Bronnaya • Vorotnikovsky Lane • Degtyarny Lane • Maly / Sredny / Bolshoy Karetny Lane • 1st / 2nd / 3rd Kolobovsky Lane • Likhov Lane • Mamonovsky Lane • Naryshkinsky Passage • Nastasinsky Lane • Maly / Bolshoy Palashevsky Lane • Maly / Bolshoy Putinkovsky Lane • Staropimenovsky lane • Sytinsky Lane • Trekhprudny Lane • Uspensky Lane
from the Garden
up to the 3rd transport:
Alexander Nevsky * Alexander Nevsky Lane • 1st / 2nd Brestskaya • Vadkovsky Lane • Vasilevskaya • Veskovsky Lane • Veskovsky dead End * 1st / 2nd Volkonsky Lane • Gasheka • Gorlov dead end • Bolshaya Gruzinskaya • Delegatskaya * Dostoevsky * Dostoevsky Lane • Zastavny Lane • Karelin passage • Kosoy Lane • 1st / 2nd / 3rd / 4th Lesnoy Lane • 1st / 2nd Miusskaya • Miussky lane • Nikonovsky Lane • Novovorotnikovsky lane • Novolesnaya • Novolesnoy Lane • Novosushchevskaya • Armory Lane • Palikha • Perunovsky Lane • Pimenovsky dead end • Ordinal Lane • Priyutsky Lane • Pykhov Church Passage • 1st / 2nd / 3rd / 4th Samotechny Lane • Seminary dead end • Sushchevskaya • Sushchevsky dead end • 2nd / 3rd
/ 4th Tverskaya Yamskaya • 1st / 2nd Tverskaya Yamskaya Lane • Tikhvinskaya • Tikhvinsky Lane • 1st Tikhvinsky dead end • Corner Lane • Fadeeva • Chayanova • Chernyshevsky Lane • 1st / 2nd Shchemilovsky Lane • Julius Fuchik
Streets by districts of the Central Administrative District: Arbat | Basmanny | Zamoskvorechye | Krasnoselsky | Meshchansky | Presnensky | Tagansky | Tverskoy | Khamovniki | Yakimanka
<img src="//ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" title="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;" />
Source — "https://ru.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Nikolskaya ulitsa_ (Moscow)&oldid=75132184»
Categories: Streets alphabetically Streets of Moscow Tverskaya district China city Pedestrian streets of Moscow
Hidden category: Wikipedia:Articles with redefinition of the value from Wikidata
Navigation
Personal Tools
You have not introduced yourself to the system Discussion Contribution Create an account Log in
Namespaces
Article Discussion
Variants
Views
Read Edit Edit wiki text History
More
Search
Navigation
Title Page Heading Index A Z Selected articles Random article Current Events
Participation
Report a bug Community Portal Forum Recent edits New pages Help Donate
Tools
Links Here Related Edits Special Pages Permanent Link Page Information Wikidata element Quote Page
Print/Export
Create a book Download as PDF Printable version
In other projects
Wikimedia Commons Wikidata
In other languages
English
Edit links
Last modified on this page: 06: 43, December 16, 2015.
The text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution ShareAlike license; in some cases, additional conditions may apply.
For more information, see Terms of use.
Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the non profit organization Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.
Contact us
Privacy Policy Wikipedia Description Disclaimer Developers Cookie Agreement Mobile Version
