Ishtar Gate
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The restored Ishtar Gate in the Berlin Pergamon Museum
The Ishtar Gate is the eighth gate of the inner city in Babylon.
Built in 575 BC by order of King Nebuchadnezzar in the northern part of the city.
Appearance[edit / edit wiki text]
The Ishtar Gate is a huge semicircular arch, bounded on the sides by giant walls and facing the so called Processional Road, along which the walls stretched.
The gate is dedicated to the goddess Ishtar and is built of bricks covered with bright blue, yellow, white and black glaze.
The walls of the gates and the Processional Roads are covered with bas reliefs of extraordinary beauty, depicting animals in poses very close to natural.
The walls of the path are decorated with about 120 bas reliefs of lions.
The walls of the gate are covered with alternating rows of images of sirrush and bulls
In total, there are about 575 images of animals on the gate.
The roof and doors of the gate were made of cedar.
Statues of the gods were passing through the Ishtar Gate on the Processional Road on the day of the celebration of the New Year.
Koldewey describes the gate of Ishtar as follows:
Rows of bricks go one above the other.
Dragons and bulls never meet in the same horizontal row, but a row of bulls follows a row of sirrush, and vice versa.
Each individual image occupies a height of 13 bricks, and the gap between them is 11 bricks.
Thus, the distance from the bottom of one image to the bottom of another is equal to 24 bricks, or almost exactly two meters, that is, four Babylonian elam.
When the work on the construction of the gate was completed, Nebuchadnezzar compiled an inscription, which was made in cuneiform and put on public display.
The inscription begins as follows: "I am Nebuchadnezzar, king of Babylon, a pious sovereign, ruling according to the will and favor of Marduk, the supreme ruler of the City, the favorite of Heaven, cunning and tireless... always caring for the welfare of Babylon, the wise firstborn son of Nabopolassar, king of Babylon... "
A tablet with this inscription is now kept in the Pergamon Museum.
A smaller copy of the gate, built by Saddam Hussein, was destroyed during the military operations.
Reconstruction[edit / edit wiki text]
The reconstruction of the Ishtar Gate and the Processional Road was made in the 1930s at the Pergamon Museum in Berlin from material found by the archaeologist Robert Koldewey.
Fragments of gates and lions that decorated the Processional Road are kept in various museums around the world.
The Istanbul Archaeological Museum has bas reliefs of lions, dragons and bulls.
The Detroit Museum of Art has a bas relief of Sirrush.
There are bas reliefs of lions in the Louvre, the Metropolitan Museum of Art in New York, the Oriental Institute in Chicago, the Museum of the Rhode Island School of Design and the Museum of Fine Arts in Boston.
A replica of the Ishtar Gate was built in Iraq at the entrance to the museum, the construction of which was never completed.
Links[edit / edit wiki text]
Ishtar Gate on Wikimedia Commons?
Video shooting of the Ishtar Gate (November 2004) "Sirrush from the gate of Queen Ishtar"
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Coordinates: 32°32'36" s.
w.
44°25'20" v. d. / 32.54333° s.
w.
44.42222° v. d. / 32.54333; 44.42222 (G) (O)
Source — "https://ru.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ishtar Gate&oldid=74708087"
Categories: Archaeological sites in Iraq Architecture of Ancient Mesopotamia Babylon
Hidden categories: Wikipedia:Articles without footnotes Wikipedia:Articles for clarifying categories
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Last modified on this page: 20: 52, November 23, 2015.
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