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What is the World Wide Web and who invented it?
18:25 12/03/2014
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Elena Slobodyan Category: Dossier
What is the World Wide Web and who invented it?
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On March 12, 1989, the English physicist and engineer Tim Berners Lee presented to the leadership of the European Center for Nuclear Research (CERN) a project for a unified system for organizing, storing and sharing information.
The scientist called the web browser the World Wide Web.
According to the creator's plan, the "web" should serve as an environment in which everyone can share knowledge with others.
Related article
How to secure your computer on the Internet.
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​
What is the World Wide Web?
A web, or "web", is a set of interconnected pages with certain information.
Each such page can contain text, images, video, audio, and other various objects.
But in addition, there are so called hyperlinks on web pages.
Each such link points to another page that is located on some other computer on the Internet.
Various information resources that are interconnected by means of telecommunications and are based on a hypertext representation of data form the World Wide Web (World Wide Web, or WWW for short).
Hyperlinks link pages that are located on different computers located in different parts of the globe.
A huge number of computers that are connected to one network is the Internet, and the "world Wide web" is a huge number of web pages hosted on computers on the network.
Each web page on the Internet has an address — URL (English Uniform Resource Locator a unique address, name).
It is at the address that you can find any page.
On March 12, 1989, Tim Berners Lee presented to the CERN leadership a project for a unified system for organizing, storing and sharing information, which was supposed to solve the problem of sharing knowledge and experience between the Center's employees.
Berners Lee proposed to solve the problem of access to information on different computers of employees by using browser programs that provide access to the server computer where hypertext information is stored.
After the successful implementation of the project, Berners Lee was able to convince the rest of the world to use unified Internet communication standards, using the standards of hypertext transfer protocols (HTTP) and the universal markup language (HTML).
It should be noted that Tim Berners Lee was not the first creator of the Internet.
The first system of protocols that ensure data transfer between networked computers was developed by employees of the US Defense Advanced Research Development Agency (DARPA) Vinton Cerf and Robert Kahn in the late 60s – early 70s of the last century.
Berners Lee only suggested using the capabilities of computer networks to create a new system for organizing information and accessing it.
Back in the 60s of the XX century, the US Department of Defense set the task of developing a reliable system for transmitting information in case of war.
The US Agency for Advanced Research Projects (ARPA) has proposed to develop a computer network for this.
They called it ARPANET (English: Advanced Research Projects Agency Network).
The project brought together four scientific institutions — the University of Los Angeles, the Stanford Research Institute and the Universities of Santa Barbara and Utah.
All the work was funded by the US Department of Defense.
The first data transmission over a computer network took place in 1969.
A professor at the University of Los Angeles and his students tried to log into the Stanford computer and pass the word "login".
Only the first two letters L and O were successfully transmitted.
When they printed the letter G, the communication system failed, but the revolution in the field of the Internet took place.
By 1971, a network with 23 users was created in the United States.
The first program for sending e mail over the network was developed.
And in 1973, University College London and Public Services in Norway joined the network, and the network became international.
In 1977, the number of Internet users reached 100, in 1984 — 1000, in 1986 there were already more than 5000, in 1989 more than 100,000.
In 1991, the World Wide Web (WWW) project was implemented at CERN.
In 1997, there were already 19.5 million Internet users.
*Some sources indicate the date of the appearance of the World Wide Web a day later — March 13, 1989.
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