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Home Myths of ancient Greece Gods and Heroes
Gods and Heroes
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Category: Myths of Ancient Greece
Created on 08.12.2011 01: 00
Page 1 of 5 Gods and heroes of the myths of ancient Greece: Dionysus and Pentheus
Once the young god Dionysus wandered around the earth, spreading his gift everywhere, the wonderful juice of grapes that makes people's hearts happy.
Born in Thebes of Zeus and Semele, raised by nymphs in the rich valleys of distant India, he now walked the earth not alone, he was accompanied by a crowd of enthusiastic maenad women.
Holding thyrses entwined with grape leaves in their hands, they traveled with him all over Asia, and everywhere Dionysus made people happy and punished those who did not want to recognize him.
Dionysus came to Hellas and first of all wanted to visit his native Thebes, where Pentheus ruled at that time.
But in Thebes, Dionysus was received inhospitally.
Agave, the mother of King Pentheus, and her sisters have repeatedly spitefully said about the mother of Dionysus, Semele, that she did not give birth to Zeus at all, but from a mere mortal, and that for an untruth the thunderer struck her with lightning and burned down the house.
Pentheus believed all these stories and, envying the glory of Dionysus, did not want to honor him and met him with hostility.
When Dionysus, surrounded by a crowd of maenads, approached the city, many women, throwing down their looms and spindles, hurried to the Cytheron forests, where the lovers of the young Dionysus gathered under the shade of evergreen pines.
King Pentheus was angry when he learned that the Theban women had left the city for the feast of Dionysus and were now wandering through the forests, leading merry dances.
He ordered his maenad companions to be captured and imprisoned, but most of all he wanted to catch the leader of the festivities, the merry god himself.
Upon learning about this, Dionysus decided to take revenge on the arrogant Pentheus.
To deceive him, he took the form of a servant of Dionysus and turned into a slender, black eyed, long haired young man.
Pentheus ordered to find Dionysus, bind him and bring him to the city.
The messengers soon returned and said that they could not find Dionysus anywhere, but that they had managed to catch a beautiful young man on Mount Cytheron, who was surrounded by dancing maenads, and bring him to the city.
They told him that he had given himself into their hands and, smiling, offered to tie himself up and lead them to King Pentheus.
The messengers told that the maenads, imprisoned by Pentheus in prison, had broken their shackles and were now wandering around the mountains, praising Dionysus, who had freed them from prison.
King Pentheus approached the bound young man with a sneer, but he remained calm.
Pentheus ordered his prisoner to be chained and tied to a stall in a dark stable, and his companions, maenads, to be given into slavery and forced to work at a loom.
The servants took the captured young man away.
Pentheus followed them to the stable and wanted to chain him to the stall himself.
But suddenly Dionysus confused the mind of Pentheus, and he mistook the bull standing in the stall for a young wizard and began to tie him up with ropes in anger.
Meanwhile, the young man sat quietly and looked at Pentheus.
Suddenly the walls of the royal house shook, the columns trembled, moved by the invisible power of Dionysus, and flames rose over the grave of Semele.
Noticing this, Pentheus rushed to his house in horror and, together with the servants, began to extinguish the fire.
Thinking that his prisoner was freed from his shackles, Pentheus ran with a drawn sword to his house and met the ghost of Dionysus on the threshold.
Pentheus in a rage rushed at him with a sword, but suddenly the walls of the royal house collapsed, and in fright Pentheus dropped the sword from his hands and fell to the ground, while the ghost of Dionysus calmly left the destroyed house and hurried to Mount Cytheron.
Pentheus came out of the destroyed house and began to look for his prisoner, and the young man stands in front of him and calmly listens to his threats.
Soon a shepherd came from Mount Cytheron and told King Pentheus that, while driving his flock, he saw sleeping maenads lying in the mountain meadows, and among them was Pentheus ' mother Agave.
Suddenly the roar of a bull was heard in the mountains, Agave woke up and, shouting loudly, began to wake the maenads.
The maenads awoke, got up and gathered together.
Crowned with ivy and wreaths of oak leaves, they took the cubs in their hands and began to breastfeed them, and the snakes, caressing, wrapped themselves around the maenads.
One of the women took a staff, struck it on a rock, and suddenly a fresh spring broke out of the stone; another woman struck the ground with her staff, and wine and milk flowed from the ground; and streams of light honey seemed to flow from the green leaves of thyrsus.
"If you, Pentheus, had seen all this," said the shepherd, " you would not have laughed at young Dionysus, but would have honored him.
And then the shepherds who were with me decided to take your mother Agave away from the crowd of maenads.
We disappeared into the thick bushes.
When the maenads raised their thyrses, calling for Dionysus, all Mount Cytheron, all the animals and birds responded to their joyful cry.
And the Agave flew before us in a dance.
I jumped out of the bushes and grabbed her, but she exclaimed: "My light footed maenads, arm yourself with thyrses, hurry to my aid!"
Fearing that we would not be torn apart by angry maenads, we rushed to run.
And they went to the city of Erythra, which is located at the foot of Mount Kiferon.
Armed residents came out to meet them.
Their sharp spears could not cause wounds to the maenads, and the inhabitants of Erythra turned to flight, And the maenads returned to the mountain meadows.
Having finished the story, the shepherd began to ask Pentheus to take Dionysus to his city.
But the stubborn Pentheus decided to pursue Dionysus.
Then the good god Dionysus appeared to him again and, trying to reason with him, offered him to go with him to Mount Cytheron to watch the merry dances.
He advised him to dress in women's clothes, so that the maenads, recognizing him, would not tear him to pieces.
But Pentheus, out of pride, did not agree to listen to the good advice of Dionysus.
So they went together with Dionysus through the streets of the city of Thebes, and it seemed to Pentheus that his companion suddenly turned into a steep horned bull, as if the sun was moving before him and the seven fold Thebes was doubling.
They climbed Mount Cytheron and, unnoticed by anyone, came to a mountain valley where maenads gathered under thick ivy covered pines and sang songs in honor of Dionysus.
But Pentheus, seeing nothing, said to Dionysus: "It would be better for me to look at the maenads from a hill or from a tall pine tree, I canot see anything from here.
Then Dionysus bent a tall pine tree to the ground and planted King Pentheus on its top.
The pine tree straightened up and lifted Pentheus, who was sitting on top of it, high into the air, and Dionysus disappeared at that time.
And his voice rang out high in the sky: "I have brought you the one who laughed at you.
The lightning of the thunderer Zeus flashed in the sky, the animals and birds of the forest fell silent, the air became quiet, as it happens before a thunderstorm.
The maenads rushed to meet the familiar voice and saw Pentheus on a high pine tree.
They ran up to the rock and began to throw stones and thyrses at him, but the pine tree was too high.
Then they began to dig it up; hundreds of hands grabbed the tree and tore it up by the roots from the ground.
And King Pentheus fell with him to the ground.
He looked around in horror and saw a crowd of angry maenads in front of him.
The first to attack Pentheus was his mother Agave.
Pentheus began to beg her for mercy, but Agave did not hear her son's voice.
It seemed to her that a lion was standing in front of her, and she, distraught, together with her daughter, rushed at him.
After them, a crowd of angry maenads rushed at him and tore him apart.
So the haughty one died Pentheus, torn to pieces by the maenads on Mount Kiferon.
Gods and heroes of myths of ancient Greece: Tantalus
Tantalus was the son of Zeus and Pluto.
And none of the people were so loved by the Olympian gods as the king of Tantalus.
The city stood on Mount Sipil, rich in gold.
The fields, orchards and vineyards surrounding it were vast; countless herds of oxen and sheep grazed on its meadows.
Often the gods invited Tantalus to their high Olympus, and he took part in their feasts and conversations.
And so Tantalus became proud and began to tell people about the secrets entrusted to him by Zeus.
Tantalus once stole nectar and ambrosia from the gods at a feast and treated his mortal friends to them.
Once Zeus allowed Tantalus to address him with a request that he promised to fulfill, but Tantalus arrogantly and boastfully answered the thunderer:— I donot need anything, I donot want your mercy.
Once Tantalus was given a golden dog for safekeeping, which once guarded Zeus when he lived as a baby on the island of Crete.
Subsequently, this dog was assigned to guard the Cretan temple.
This golden dog was stolen by the king of the Pandars and given to Tantalus.
Then Zeus sent his messenger Hermes to the city of Sipil to demand the golden dog from Tantalus, but he began to assure Hermes that he did not have it, and even swore to it.
In addition, once, when the gods came to a feast in the city of Sipil, the evil Tantalus killed his own son Pelops and began to treat him with the meat of the gods, wanting to test their omniscience.
But the gods found out about this plan.
They restored the boy to life, and Poseidon took Pelops away in a golden chariot and hid him on Olympus.
Then Zeus decided to punish Tantalus, and he was banished to the underground kingdom of Hades, to the terrible Tartarus.
For all his evil deeds that he had done, he had to stand forever in a transparent lake, where the water reached up to his throat, and he languished from an agonizing thirst, but he could not get water to drink.
As soon as he bent his head, wanting to drink, the water immediately disappeared, and he saw only the black bottom under his feet.
Tantalus also had to suffer from terrible hunger.
There were many beautiful fruit trees growing over his head.
Apple trees, pears, pomegranates with golden fruits, fig trees and silver olives stretched out their branches to him, but as soon as he stretched out his hand to them, the branches of the trees immediately rose from a gust of strong wind, and the hungry Tantalus could only look at them from afar.
In addition, Zeus hung a huge stone over his head, which could fall on Tantalus ' head at any moment, and he had to suffer from eternal fear.
So the evil and arrogant Tantalus was punished by Zeus.
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