Mayakovsky, Vladimir Vladimirovich
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Vladimir Mayakovsky
Studio photo of 1920 Birth name: Vladimir Vladimirovich Mayakovsky
Date of birth: July 7 (19), 1893[1]
Place of birth: Bagdati,
Kutaisi province,
The Russian Empire[2]
Date of death: April 14, 1930(1930-04-14) [3] (36 years old)
Place of death: Moscow, USSR
Citizenship: Russian Empire Russian Empire→
USSR USSR
Occupation: poet, publicist, playwright, actor, director
Years of creativity: 1912—1930
Direction: cubofuturism
russian futurism
Genre: poem, poem, agitprop, play
Language of works: Russian
Awards:
Awards:
Signature:
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Vladimir Mayakovsky reads an excerpt from his own poem "An extraordinary adventure that happened with Vladimir Mayakovsky in the summer at the dacha", 1920.
Vladimir Vladimirovich Mayakovsky (July 7 [19], 1893, Bagdati, Kutaisi province[2] - April 14, 1930, Moscow) was a Russian and Soviet poet.
One of the greatest poets of the XX century[4][5][6].
In addition to poetry, he clearly showed himself as a playwright, screenwriter, film director, film actor, artist, editor of the magazines "LEF" ("Left Front"),"New LEF".
Content
1 Biography 2 Personal life 2.1 Children
3 Suicide 4 Creativity 4.1 Main publications
5 Mayakovsky in the cinema 5.1 Film Incarnations 5.2 Documentaries 5.3 Educational films
6 Participation in an anti religious campaign 7 Perpetuation of memory 7.1 Museums 7.2 In philately 7.3 In Numismatics
8 Facts 9 Notes 10 Literature 10.1 Books 10.2 Articles and fragments
11 Links
Biography[edit / edit wiki text]
Vladimir Mayakovsky was born in the village of Bagdati, Kutaisi province (in Soviet times the village was called Mayakovsky) in Georgia, in the family of Vladimir Konstantinovich Mayakovsky (1857-1906), who served as a third class forester in the Erivan province, since 1889 in the Bagdat forestry.
The poet's mother, Alexandra Alekseevna Pavlenko (1867-1954), from the Kuban Cossacks, was born in the Kuban, in the village of Ternovskaya.
In the poem "Vladikavkaz — Tiflis" of 1924, Mayakovsky calls himself a "Georgian".
One of the grandmothers, Efrosinya Osipovna Danilevskaya, is a cousin of the author of historical novels G. P. Danilevsky.
The future poet had two sisters: Lyudmila (1884-1972) and Olga (1890-1949), and two brothers: Konstantin (died at the age of three from scarlet fever) and Alexander (died in infancy).
In 1902, Mayakovsky entered the gymnasium in Kutaisi.
Like his parents, he was fluent in Georgian.
He participated in a revolutionary demonstration, read propaganda brochures.
In February 1906, his father died of blood poisoning after pricking his finger with a needle while stitching papers.
Since then, Mayakovsky could not stand pins and hairpins, bacteriophobia remained lifelong.
The future poet was about two meters tall.
In July of the same year, Mayakovsky, along with his mother and sisters, moved to Moscow, where he entered the IV class of the 5th classical gymnasium (now Moscow school No. 91 on Povarskaya Street, the building has not been preserved), where he studied in the same class with B. L. Pasternak's brother Shura.
In March 1908, he was expelled from the V class due to non payment of tuition fees.
Mayakovsky published the first "half poem" in the illegal magazine "Rush", which was published by the Third Gymnasium.
According to him, "it turned out to be incredibly revolutionary and equally ugly."
In Moscow, Mayakovsky met revolutionary minded students, became interested in Marxist literature, and in 1908 joined the RSDLP.
He was a propagandist in the commercial and industrial subdistrict, in 1908-1909 he was arrested three times (in the case of an underground printing house, on suspicion of being connected with a group of anarchist expropriators, on suspicion of aiding the escape of female political prisoners from Novinsky prison).
In the first case, he was released under the supervision of his parents by a court verdict as a minor who acted "without understanding", in the second and third cases he was released for lack of evidence[9].
In prison, Mayakovsky "scandalized", so he was often transferred from part to part: Basmannaya[10], Meshchanskaya[11][12], Myasnitskaya [13] and, finally, Butyrskaya prison, where he spent 11 months in solitary confinement No. 103.
Mayakovsky in 1910
In prison in 1909, Mayakovsky again began to write poetry, but was dissatisfied with what he had written.
In his memoirs, he writes:
It turned out stilted and revplaksivo.
Something like:
In gold, in purple, the forests were dressed,
The sun was playing on the heads of the churches.
I waited: but the days were lost in the months,
Hundreds of tedious days.
I filled an entire notebook with this.
Thanks to the guards — they were taken away at the exit.
And then I would have printed it again!
- "I Myself" (1922-1928)
Despite such a critical attitude, Mayakovsky calculated the beginning of his work from this notebook.
The Mayakovsky family, Kutaisi, 1905
After his third arrest, he was released from prison in January 1910.[9]
After his release, he left the party.
In 1918, he wrote in his autobiography: "Why not in the party?
The Communists worked at the fronts.
In art and education, there are still compromisers.
I would have been sent to fish in Astrakhan."
In 1911, the poet's friend, the bohemian artist Eugenia Lang, inspired the poet to take up painting.
Mayakovsky studied in the preparatory class of the Stroganov School, in the studios of artists S. Y. Zhukovsky and P. I. Kelin.
In 1911, he entered the Moscow School of Painting, Sculpture and Architecture — the only place where he was accepted without a certificate of reliability.
Having met David Burliuk, the founder of the futuristic group "Gilea", he entered the poetic circle and joined the cubo futurists.
The first published poem was called "Night" (1912), it was included in the futuristic collection "A Slap in the Face to Public Taste".
On November 30, 1912, Mayakovsky's first public performance took place in the "Stray Dog"artistic basement[14].
Collection of poems by Mayakovsky"I!"
In 1913, the first collection of Mayakovsky's "I" (a cycle of four poems) was published.
It was written by hand, provided with drawings by Vasily Chekrygin and Lev Zhegin and reproduced by lithographic method in the amount of 300 copies.
As the first section, this collection was included in the book of poems of the poet "Simple as a Lowing" (1916).
Also, his poems appeared on the pages of the futurist almanacs "Milk of Mares", "Dead Moon", "Roaring Parnassus", etc., began to be published in periodicals.
In the same year, the poet turned to drama.
The program tragedy "Vladimir Mayakovsky"was written and staged.
The scenery for it was written by artists from the" Union of Youth " P. N. Filonov and I. S. Shkolnik, and the author himself acted as a director and performer of the main role.
In February 1914, Mayakovsky and Burlyuk were expelled from the school for public performances.
In 1914-1915, Mayakovsky worked on the poem "A Cloud in his Pants".
After the outbreak of the First World War, the poem "War is declared"was published.
In August, Mayakovsky decided to enlist as a volunteer, but he was not allowed, explaining this as political unreliability.
Soon, Mayakovsky expressed his attitude to serving in the tsarist army in the poem "To you!", which later became a song.
V. V. Mayakovsky in 1930
Photo of 1918 and it is the same after retouching in the 1960s
On March 29, 1914, Mayakovsky, along with Burlyuk and Kamensky, arrived on tour in Baku as part of the"famous Moscow futurists".
In the evening of the same day, at the Mailov Brothers Theater, Mayakovsky read a report on futurism, illustrating it with poems[15].
In July 1915, the poet met Lilya Yuryevna and Osip Maksimovich Briki.
In 1915-1917, Mayakovsky, under the patronage of Maxim Gorky, served in Petrograd in an automobile Training School.
The soldiers were not allowed to print, but he was saved by Osip Brik, who bought the poems "Flute Spine" and "Cloud in Pants" for 50 kopecks per line and printed them.
Anti war lyrics: "Mother and the evening killed by the Germans", "I and Napoleon", the poem "War and Peace" (1915).
The cycle "Hymns" for the magazine "New Satyricon "(1915).
In 1916, the first large collection "Simple as a Mooing" was published.
On March 3, 1917, Mayakovsky led a detachment of 7 soldiers who arrested the commander of the Automobile Training School, General P. I. Sekretev.
It is curious that shortly before that, on January 31, Mayakovsky received a silver medal "For Diligence"from the hands of Sekretev.
During the summer of 1917, Mayakovsky vigorously tried to declare him unfit for military service and was released from it in the fall.
In 1918, Mayakovsky starred in three films based on his own scripts.
In August 1917, he decided to write the "Mystery Buff", which was completed on October 25, 1918 and staged for the anniversary of the revolution (dir. Vs. Meyerhold, hood. K. Malevich)
Mayakovsky.
Kazan, February 1914
On December 17, 1918, the poet for the first time read the poems "The Left March"from the stage of the Sailor's Theater.
In March 1919, he moved to Moscow, began to actively cooperate in ROSTA (1919-1921), designed (as a poet and as an artist) propaganda satirical posters for ROSTA ("Windows of GROWTH").
In 1919, the first collection of the poet's works was published — " Everything composed by Vladimir Mayakovsky. 1909-1919".
In 1918-1919, he appeared in the newspaper "Art of the Commune".
Propaganda of the world revolution and the revolution of the spirit.
In 1920, he finished writing the poem "150,000,000", which reflects the theme of the world revolution.
In 1918, Mayakovsky organized the group "Komfut" (communist futurism), in 1922 — the publishing house MAF (Moscow Association of Futurists), which published several of his books.
In 1923, he organized the LEF group( the Left Front of the Arts), a thick magazine " LEF " (seven issues were published in 1923-1925).
Aseev, Pasternak, Osip Brik, B. Arvatov, N. Chuzhak, Tretyakov, Levidov, Shklovsky, etc. were actively published.
He propagandized Lef's theories of industrial art, social order, and the literature of fact.
At this time, the poems "About It" (1923), "Kursk Workers who mined the first ore, a temporary monument to the work of Vladimir Mayakovsky" (1923) and "Vladimir Ilyich Lenin" (1924) were published.
Stalin was present when the author read a poem about Lenin at the Bolshoi Theater, accompanied by a 20 minute ovation.
Mayakovsky mentioned the "leader of the peoples" himself only twice in his poems[16].
Mayakovsky considers the years of the Civil War to be the best time in his life, there are nostalgic chapters in the poem "Good!", written in the prosperous 1927.
In 1922-1923, in a number of works, he continued to insist on the need for a world revolution and a revolution of the spirit — "The IV International", "The Fifth International", "My speech at the Genoa Conference", etc.
In 1922-1924, Mayakovsky made several trips abroad — Latvia, France, Germany; he wrote essays and poems about European impressions: "How does a democratic republic work?" (1922)
; "Paris (Conversations with the Eiffel Tower)" (1923) and a number of others.
In 1925, his longest journey took place: a trip to America.
Mayakovsky visited Havana, Mexico City and for three months performed in various cities of the United States with readings of poems and reports.
Later, poems were written (the collection " Spain.
- The ocean.
- Havana.
- Mexico.
- America") and the essay "My discovery of America".
In 1925-1928, he traveled a lot around the Soviet Union, performing in a variety of audiences.
During these years, the poet published such works as "To Comrade Netta, to the Steamer and to the Man" (1926);
"Through the cities of the Union" (1927);
"The Story of the foundry worker Ivan Kozyrev..."
(1928).
From February 17 to 24, 1926, Mayakovsky visited Baku, performed in opera and drama theaters, in front of oil workers in Balakhany[15].
In 1922-1926 he actively collaborated with Izvestia ,in 1926-1929 - with Komsomolskaya Pravda.
He was published in the magazines: "New World", "Young Guard", "Ogonyok", "Crocodile", "Krasnaya Niva", etc.
He worked in agitation and advertising, for which he was criticized by Pasternak, Kataev, and Svetlov.
In 1926-1927, he wrote nine screenplays.
In 1927, he restored the LEF magazine under the name "New LEF".
A total of 24 issues were published.
In the summer of 1928, Mayakovsky became disillusioned with LEF and left the organization and the magazine.
In the same year, he began writing his personal biography "I am myself".
From October 8 to December 8 — a trip abroad, on the route Berlin Paris.
In November, the first and second volumes of the collected works were published.
The satirical plays "The Bug" (1928) and "The Bathhouse" (1929) were staged by Meyerhold.
The poet's satire, especially "Banya", caused harassment from Rapp critics.
In 1929, the poet organized the group "REF", but in February 1930 he left it, joining the RAPP.
V. Mayakovsky is engaged in agitation of the people.
Many researchers [who?
The authors of Mayakovsky's creative development liken his poetic life to a five act action with a prologue and an epilogue.
The role of a kind of prologue in the poet's creative path was played by the tragedy "Vladimir Mayakovsky" (1913), the first act were the poems "Cloud in trousers" (1914-1915) and "Flute spine" (1915), the second act — the poems "War and Peace" (1915-1916) and "Man" (1916-1917), the third act — the play "Mystery Buff" (the first version — 1918, the second — 1920-1921) and the poem "150,000,000" (1919-1920), the fourth act — the poems "I Love" (1922), "About it" (1923) and "Vladimir Ilyich Lenin" (1924), the fifth act — the poem "Good!" (1927) and the plays "Bug" (1928-1929) and "Bath" (1929-1930), the epilogue — the first and second introductions to the poem "At the top of my voice" (1928-1930) and the poet's suicide letter "To Everyone" (April 12, 1930).
The rest of Mayakovsky's works, including numerous poems, tend to one or another part of this general picture, which is based on the poet's major works.
In his works, Mayakovsky was uncompromising, and therefore inconvenient.
In the works written by him at the end of the 1920s, tragic motives began to arise.
Critics called him only a "fellow traveler", and not a "proletarian writer", as he wanted to see himself.
In 1930, he organized an exhibition dedicated to the 20th anniversary of his work, but he was hindered in every possible way, and none of the writers and state leaders visited the exhibition itself[17].
In the spring of 1930, a grandiose performance of "Moscow is Burning" based on Mayakovsky's play was being prepared at the Circus on Tsvetnoy Boulevard, the dress rehearsal was scheduled for April 21, but the poet did not live to see it[16].
Mayakovsky was at the origins of Soviet advertising.
For advertising and agitation activities, the poet was criticized by B. Pasternak, V. Kataev and M. Svetlov[18].
Personal life[edit / edit wiki text]
For a long period of Mayakovsky's creative life, his muse was Lilya Brik.
Mayakovsky and Lilya Brik met in July 1915 at her parents ' dacha in Malakhovka near Moscow.
At the end of July, Lily's sister Elsa Triole, who had a superficial affair with the poet, brought Mayakovsky, who had recently arrived from Finland, to the Briks ' Petrograd apartment at 7 Zhukovsky Street.
The Briks, people far from literature, were engaged in entrepreneurship, having inherited a small but profitable coral business from their parents[19].
Mayakovsky read at their home an unpublished poem "A Cloud in your pants" and after an enthusiastic reception dedicated it to the hostess — "To you, Lilya".
The poet later called this day "the most joyful date".
Osip Brik, Lily's husband, published the poem in a small edition in September 1915.
Fascinated by Lily, the poet settled in the hotel" Palais Royal "on Pushkinskaya Street in Petrograd, never returning to Finland and leaving the"lady of the heart" there.
In November, the futurist moved even closer to the Brics ' apartment — to 52 Nadezhdinskaya Street.
Soon Mayakovsky introduced new friends to friends, futurist poets D. Burlyuk, V. Kamensky, B. Pasternak, V. Khlebnikov, etc.
The Brikov apartment on Zhukovsky Street becomes a bohemian salon, which was visited not only by futurists, but also by M. Kuzmin, M. Gorky, V. Shklovsky, R. Yakobson, as well as other writers, philologists and artists[19][20].
Soon, a stormy romance broke out between Mayakovsky and Lilya Brik with the obvious connivance of Osip.
This novel was reflected in the poems "Flute spine" (1915) and " Man "(1916) and in the poems "To everything" (1916), "Lilichka!
Instead of a letter" (1916).
After that, Mayakovsky wrote all his works (except for the poem "Vladimir Ilyich Lenin") he began to dedicate a Brick to Lila.
In 1928, when publishing his first collection of works, Mayakovsky dedicated to her all the works created before their acquaintance.
In 1918, Lilya and Vladimir starred in the film "Chained by the film" based on the script of Mayakovsky.
To date, the film has been preserved in fragments.
There are also photos and a large poster where Lilya is drawn, entangled in film.
Since the summer of 1918, Mayakovsky and Briki lived together, the three of them, which quite fit into the popular marriage and love concept after the revolution, known as the"Theory of a glass of water" [19].
At this time, all three finally switched to Bolshevik positions.
In early March 1919, they moved from Petrograd to Moscow to a communal apartment in Poluektov Lane, 5, and then, from September 1920, they settled in two rooms in a house on the corner of Myasnitskaya Street in Vodopyanoy Lane, 3.
Then all three moved to an apartment in Gendrikov Lane on Taganka.
Mayakovsky and Lilya worked in the "Windows of GROWTH" , and Osip served for some time in the Cheka and was a member of the Bolshevik Party.
A memorial plaque dedicated to Mayakovsky, at the address per.
Mayakovsky, 15 fraction 13
The house in which Mayakovsky lived, at the address per.
Mayakovsky, 15 fraction 13
Despite the close communication with Lilya Brik, Mayakovsky's personal life was not limited to her.
According to the testimonies and materials collected in the Channel One documentary "The Third Extra", which premiered on the 120th anniversary of the poet on July 20, 2013, Mayakovsky is the birth father of the Soviet sculptor Gleb Nikita Lavinsky (1921-1986).
The poet became closely acquainted with the mother of Gleb Nikita, the artist Lilya Lavinskaya, in 1920, working in the Windows of Satire.[19][21]
[22].
According to the memoirs of A. A. Voznesensky[23][24]:
Already in old age, Lilya Brik shocked me with such a confession: "I loved z make love with Axes.
We then locked Volodya in the kitchen.
He was torn, wanted to come to us, scratched at the door and cried" ...
"She seemed to me a monster —" Voznesensky admitted.
- But Mayakovsky loved this one.
With a whip..."
However, according to the evidence given in the Channel One documentary "The Third Extra" (2013), the situation was just the opposite: during the period of living together with Brikov and Mayakovsky in an apartment on Taganka, it was Osip who, for a number of reasons, including health, gave up his wife to Mayakovsky — as a stronger and younger partner, who, moreover, after the revolution and before his death, financially supported the whole family[19].
Since Mayakovsky began to be published a lot in Izvestia and other major publications since 1922, he could afford to live abroad often and for a long time together with the Brikov family.
In 1922, Lilya published a large article about the Futurists and about Mayakovsky in the Riga newspaper Novy Put.
She also organized his performances.
All nine days they lived at the Bellevue Hotel, and the poem "I Love" was finished there.
At the end of 1922, Bric simultaneously with Mayakovsky had a long and serious affair with the head of Prombank A. Krasnoshchekov.
This affair almost led to a break in relations with Mayakovsky.
For two months, Mayakovsky and Briki lived separately.
This story is reflected in the poem "About it".
In a narrow circle, Lilya Yuryevna allowed herself such statements about Mayakovsky[23][24]:
"Can you imagine, Volodya is so boring, he even arranges scenes of jealousy";
"What is the difference between Volodya and the cabman?
One controls the horse, the other controls the rhyme."
As for his experiences, they apparently did not touch Lilya Yuryevna much, on the contrary she saw in them a kind of "benefit": "It is useful for Volodya to suffer, he will suffer and write good poems."
In 1923, after writing the poem "About it", the passions gradually subsided, and their relationship entered a calm, stable period.
In the summer of 1923, Mayakovsky and Briki flew to Germany.
This was one of the first flights of Deruluft from the USSR.
They spent the first three weeks near Göttingen, then went to the north of the country, to the island of Norderney, where they rested together with Viktor Shklovsky and Roman Jakobson.
In 1924, in the poem "Jubilee" Mayakovsky wrote: "I am now free from love and from posters," and more: "..here's a kayak for love, dear Vladimir Vladimirovich."
According to the literary critic K. Karchevsky, these works mark an "irreparable turning point" in the poet's relationship with Lilya Brik, after which they did not return to their former intimacy [20].
In 1926, Mayakovsky received an apartment in Gendrikov Lane, in which the three of them and the Briks lived until 1930 (now Mayakovsky Lane, 15/13).
Weekly meetings of LEF participants were held in this apartment.
Lilya, not formally registered as an employee, took an active part in the creation of the magazine.
In 1927, the film "The Third Meshchanskaya" ("Love in threesomes"), directed by Abram Room, was released.
The script was written by Viktor Shklovsky, taking as a basis the well known "love threesome" by Mayakovsky with Bricks.
At this time, Lilya Yuryevna is also engaged in writing, translating (translating from German Gross and Wittfogel) and publishing Mayakovsky.
In 1927, in chapters 13-14 of the poem " Good!", the theme of love for Lila Brik appears for the last time in Mayakovsky's work.
Despite a long relationship with Lilya Brik, Mayakovsky had many other novels and hobbies, both at home and abroad — in the United States and France.
In 1926, his daughter Helen Patricia was born to a Russian emigrant Ellie Jones (Elizabeth Siebert) in New York, Mayakovsky saw her for the only time in 1928 in Nice.
Other lovers are Sofia Shamardina, Natalia Bryukhanenko.
Lilya Brik will keep friendly relations with them until the end of her days.
In Paris, Mayakovsky meets a Russian emigrant Tatyana Yakovleva, with whom he falls in love and dedicates two poems to her: "A Letter from Paris about the essence of love" and "A Letter to Tatyana Yakovleva" (published 26 years later).
Together with Tatiana, Mayakovsky chose a gift for Lila in Paris — a Renault car.
Brik will become the second female Muscovite behind the wheel.
Upon arrival in Moscow, Mayakovsky tries to persuade Tatyana Yakovleva to return to Russia, but these attempts were unsuccessful.
At the end of 1929, the poet was supposed to come for her, but could not do it because of visa problems[8].
The last novel of Mayakovsky was a young and beautiful actress of the Moscow Art Theater Veronika Polonskaya (1908-1994).
At the time of their first meeting, she was 21, he was 36.
Polonskaya was married to actor Mikhail Yanshin, but she did not leave her husband, realizing that the romance with Mayakovsky, whose character Veronika assessed as complex, uneven, with mood swings, could be interrupted at any moment.
And so it happened: a year later, Comrade Mauser put an end to their relationship and in the poet's life[25].
In 1940, L. K. Chukovskaya recalled how she went to Moscow to visit the Brics about the publication of a one volume book by V. Mayakovsky[23]: "It was difficult for me to communicate with them, the whole style of the house was not to my liking.
It also seemed to me that Lilya Yuryevna had no interest in Mayakovsky's poems.
I didnot like the grouse on the table, and the jokes at the table..."
Children[edit / edit wiki text]
Mayakovsky was not in any registered marriage.
It is known about two of his children:
V. V. Mayakovsky at his exhibition "20 years of work", 1930
Son Gleb Nikita Antonovich Lavinsky (1921-1986)[19] [26] Daughter Patricia Thompson (Elena Vladimirovna Mayakovskaya) (1926-2016)[27]
Suicide[edit / edit wiki text]
The body of V. Mayakovsky.
April 14, 1930
The body of V. Mayakovsky
Mayakovsky's grave at the Novodevichy Cemetery
The year 1930 began unsuccessfully for Mayakovsky.
In February, Lilya and Osip Brik left for Europe.
Mayakovsky was harshly studied in the newspapers as a "fellow traveler of the Soviet government" — while he himself saw himself as a proletarian writer.
There was an embarrassment with his long awaited exhibition "20 years of work", which was not visited by any of the prominent writers and state leaders, which the poet hoped for.
The premiere of the play "Banya" was held without success in March, the performance "Bedbug"was also expected to fail.
At the beginning of April 1930, the greeting "to the great proletarian poet on the occasion of the 20th anniversary of his work and social activity" was withdrawn from the peer reviewed magazine "Press and Revolution".
There was talk in literary circles that Mayakovsky had written himself out.
The poet was denied a visa for a foreign trip.
Two days before the suicide, on April 12, Mayakovsky had a meeting with readers at the Polytechnic Institute, which was attended mainly by Komsomol members; there were a lot of boorish shouts from the seats.
The poet was pursued everywhere by quarrels and scandals.
His state of mind became increasingly anxious and depressing.
Since the spring of 1919, Mayakovsky, despite the fact that he constantly lived with the Briks, had a small boat room for work on the fourth floor in a communal apartment on the Lubyanka (now it is the State Museum of V. V. Mayakovsky, Lubyansky Proezd, 3/6 p. 4).
It was in this room that the suicide occurred.
On the morning of April 14, Mayakovsky had an appointment with Veronika (Nora) Polonskaya.
The poet met with Polonskaya for the second year, insisted on her divorce and even signed up for a writers ' cooperative in the passage of the Art Theater, where he was going to move to live with Nora.
As 82 year old Polonskaya recalled in 1990 in an interview with the magazine "Soviet Screen" (No. 13-1990), on that fateful morning the poet called for her at eight o'clock, because at 10.30 she had a rehearsal with Nemirovich Danchenko scheduled at the theater.
I couldnot be late, it angered Vladimir Vladimirovich.
He locked the doors, put the key in his pocket, began to demand that I did not go to the theater, and generally left there.
I cried…
I asked if he would show me out.
"No," he said, but he promised to call.
And he also asked if I had money for a taxi.
I had no money, he gave me twenty rubles…
I managed to get to the front door and heard a shot.
I was rushing around, afraid to come back.
Then I entered and saw the smoke from the shot that had not yet dissipated.
There was a small bloodstain on Mayakovsky's chest.
I rushed to him, I repeated: "What did you do...?"
He tried to raise his head.
Then his head fell, and he began to turn terribly pale... people appeared, someone told me: "Run, meet the ambulance ... ran out, met.
I came back, and on the stairs someone says to me: "It's too late.
He died..."
- Veronika Polonskaya[29]
The suicide letter, prepared two days earlier, is clear and detailed (which, according to the researchers, excludes the version about the spontaneity of the shot), begins with the words: "Donot blame anyone for the fact that I'm dying, and please donot gossip, the deceased didnot like it terribly...".
The poet calls Lilya Brik (as well as Veronika Polonskaya), mother and sisters members of his family and asks them to transfer all the poems and archives to the Briks.
Briki managed to arrive at the funeral, having urgently interrupted the European tour; Polonskaya, on the contrary, did not dare to attend, because Mayakovsky's mother and sisters considered her the culprit of the poet's death.
For three days, with an endless stream of people, the farewell went on in the House of Writers.
Tens of thousands of fans of his talent accompanied the poet to the Don Cemetery in an iron coffin to the singing of the "International".
Ironically, the" futuristic " iron coffin of Mayakovsky was made by the avant garde sculptor Anton Lavinsky, the husband of the artist Lily Lavinskaya, who gave birth to a son from a relationship with Mayakovsky.
The poet was cremated in the first Moscow crematorium opened three years earlier near the Donskoy Monastery.
The brain was seized for research by the Brain Institute.
Initially, the ashes were located there, in the columbarium of the New Don Cemetery, but as a result of the persistent actions of Lilia Brik and the elder sister of the poet Lyudmila, the urn with the ashes of Mayakovsky was moved on May 22, 1952 and buried at the Novodevichy Cemetery.
30][31].
Creativity[edit / edit wiki text]
"I may be the last poet..."
Mayakovsky's autograph
Mayakovsky's early work was expressive and metaphorical ("I'm going to cry that policemen were crucified at the crossroads", "Could you?"), combined the energy of the rally and demonstration with the most lyrical chamber ("The violin was pulled out begging"), Nietzschean God fighting and a religious feeling carefully disguised in the soul ("I, who sing of the car and England / Maybe just / In the most ordinary Gospel / The Thirteenth Apostle").
According to the poet, it all started with the line by Andrei Bely "I launched a pineapple into the sky".
David Burliuk introduced the young poet to the poetry of Rimbaud, Baudelaire, Verlaine, Verhaarn, but Whitman's free verse had a decisive impact.
Mayakovsky did not recognize the traditional poetic dimensions, he invented a rhythm for his poems; polymetric compositions are united by style and a single syntactic intonation, which is set by the graphic presentation of the verse: first by dividing the verse into several lines, written in a column, and since 1923 by the famous "ladder", which became Mayakovsky's" business card".
The ladder helped Mayakovsky to make him read his poems with the correct intonation, since sometimes commas were not enough.
After 1917, Mayakovsky began to write a lot, for five pre revolutionary years he wrote one volume of poetry and prose, for twelve post — revolutionary years eleven volumes.
For example, in 1928 he wrote 125 poems and a play.
He spent a lot of time traveling around the Union and abroad.
Trips sometimes spent 2-3 gigs a day (not including participation in debates, meetings, conferences, etc.)
But later in the works of Mayakovsky began to appear anxious and restless mind, he exposes the flaws and weaknesses of the new system (from the poem "members of the Parliament", 1922, to play "Bath", 1929).
It is believed that in the mid 1920's, he began to be disappointed in the socialist system, the so called his foreign travel perceive as attempts to escape from himself, in the poem "In a loud voice" there is a line "rummaging in today's petrified shit" (in correct censored version — "shit").
Although he continued to create poems imbued with official cheerfulness, including those dedicated to collectivization, until the last days.
Another feature of the poet is the combination of pathos and lyricism with the most poisonous Shchedrin satire.
The lyrical side of Mayakovsky was revealed in "Unfinished" (1928-1930)…
let the gray hair be detected by cutting and shaving
Let the silver of the years ring out
a lot of
I hope I believe it will never come
shameful prudence has come to me
- Unfinished.
I. " Loves? doesnot like it?
I'm wringing my hands..."
Look at how quiet the world is
The night covered the sky with a starry tribute
at such hours you get up and say
centuries of history and the universe
- Unfinished.
IV. "
It must be the second time you went to bed..."
Lyrical lines from the American cycle, written back in 1925:
I want to be understood by my native country,
and I will not be understood —
well?!
By native country
I'll pass by,
how's going
slanting rain.
the author then did not dare to include the poems in the text, but in 1928 he published them as part of a critical article, although with the explanation: "Despite all the romantic sensitivity (the audience grabs for handkerchiefs), I pulled out these beautiful, rain soaked feathers."
There is an opinion that even in the panegyric poem "Well" Mayakovsky mocks the ceremonial officialdom: "He rules with a rod so that he goes to the right.
/ I'll go to the right.
/ Very good."
Mayakovsky had a great influence on the poetry of the XX century.
Especially on Kirsanov, Voznesensky, Yevtushenko, Rozhdestvensky, Kedrov, and also made a considerable contribution to children's poetry.
Mayakovsky fearlessly turned to his descendants, to the distant future, confident that he would be remembered in hundreds of years:
My verse
by labor
the bulk of the years will break through
and it will appear
weighty,
rude,
visibly,
as in our days
the water supply system has entered,
worked out
still slaves of Rome.
- At the top of your voice
Main publications[edit / edit wiki text]
Mayakovsky V. V. Complete works in 13 volumes — - M., GIHL, 1955-1961.
Mayakovsky V. V. Collected works in 12 volumes.
- M.: Library "Ogonek", 1978 — - 600,000 copies.
Mayakovsky in the cinema[edit / edit wiki text]
1914 - "Drama in the Futurist cabaret No. 13".
Mayakovsky played a "demonic" role in the film.[32]
In 1918, Mayakovsky wrote the script for the film "Not born for money"[33] based on the novel by Jack London "Martin Eden".
The poet himself played the main role of Ivan Nova.
Not a single copy of this film has been preserved.
1918 - "Chained by a film".
A fragment of the first part (with the participation of Mayakovsky) has been preserved.
1918 — "The Young Lady and the bully".
The film is directed by Vladimir Mayakovsky and Evgeny Slavinsky.
The plot is based on the story of Edmond d'amichis "The Teacher of the workers".
The script is written by Vladimir Mayakovsky, in the title roles — he and Alexandra Rebikova.
1928 — "Oktyabryukhov and Decembryukhov".
The script of this eccentric comedy was written by Vladimir Mayakovsky for the tenth anniversary of the October Revolution.
1928 — "Three rooms with a kitchen".
Based on the script by V. V. Mayakovsky "How are you?".[34]
1955 - "They Knew Mayakovsky", a historical and revolutionary film directed by Nikolai Petrov, Leningrad Newsreel Studio.
1958 — "Mayakovsky began like this".
The film is a biography based on Mayakovsky's autobiographical novel "I myself".
In the role of Mayakovsky — Rodam Chelidze.
Georgia movie.
1962 — "The Flying Proletarian", a cartoon based on the poem of the same name.
1962 - "Bathhouse", a cartoon based on the play of the same name.
1970 — "The Young Lady and the Bully", a TV movie ballet based on the 1918 script directed by Apollinarius Dudko.
1975 - "Mayakovsky laughs, or the Bug 75".
The film collage directed by Sergei Yutkevich was shot based on the play "The Bug" and the script "Forget about the fireplace" by Vladimir Mayakovsky.
1977 — " Forward, time!".
Cartoon based on the poems of Vladimir Mayakovsky.
Film incarnations[edit / edit wiki text]
Year Country Name Director Vladimir Mayakovsky Comments 1947 USSR USSR Light over Russia Sergey Yutkevich Boris Livanov the credits are not specified 1955 USSR USSR They knew Mayakovsky Nikolai Petrov Nikolai Cherkasov TV movie based on the play by V.Katanyan in the production of the Leningrad Theater named after A. S. Pushkin 1958 USSR USSR Mayakovsky began as Konstantin Pipinashvili Rodam Chelidze Production "Georgia film" 1975 USSR USSR Mayakovsky laughs, or the Bug 75 Sergey Yutkevich
Anatoly Karanovich Anatoly Pereverzev 1988 "Testimony" (English Testimony) Tony Palmer Peter Faulkner / Peter Faulkner 1989 USSR USSR
Poland Poland Deja vu Juliusz Mahulski Anatoly Kotenev 1994 Ukraine Monsieur Robina Alexander Burko Alexander Leaver 2002 Great Britain Great Britain
USA USA
Germany Germany Doctor Zhivago Giacomo Campiotti Karel Dobry 2004 Russia Russia The Sins of the Fathers Roman Nesterenko, Vladimir Filimonov, Vera Kharybina, etc.
Dmitry Ermilov Teleroman, 29 episodes 2004 Russia Russia Death of Tairov Boris Blank Roman Ageev 2005 Russia Russia Yesenin Igor Zaitsev Evgeny Dyatlov 2012 Russia Russia Mayakovsky.
Two days Dmitry Tomashpolsky
Alyona Demyanenko Andrey Chernyshov TV series, 8 episodes
Documentaries[edit / edit wiki text]
1955 Mayakovsky 1972 The Living Mayakovsky 1976 — Mayakovsky with us 1984 — The Mayakovsky Museum in Moscow 1990 Vladimir Mayakovsky 2002 — The Deadly Game of Mayakovsky 2002 Mayakovsky.
The Death of the Poet 2005 The Living Mayakovsky 2006 About this, about the poet and about Lilya Brik 2013 Vladimir Mayakovsky.
The third extra 2013 — Mayakovsky.
The last love, the last shot 2015 Vladimir Mayakovsky.
Last April
Educational films[edit / edit wiki text]
1971 Mayakovsky.
To Comrade Netta 1980 A story about Kuznetsk Construction and the people of Kuznetsk
Participation in an anti religious campaign[edit / edit wiki text]
In 1928-1929, serious changes took place in the internal policy of the USSR: the NEP was curtailed, the collectivization of agriculture began, materials of demonstrative trials of "pests"appeared in the newspapers.
In 1929, the Decree of the Central Executive Committee "On Religious Associations" was issued, which worsened the situation of believers.
In the same year, Article 4 of the Constitution of the RSFSR was edited: instead of" freedom of religious and anti religious propaganda","freedom of religious confessions and anti religious propaganda" was recognized in the republic.
As a result, the state has a need for anti religious works of art that meet ideological changes.
A number of leading Soviet poets, writers, journalists and filmmakers responded to this need.
Among them was Mayakovsky.
In 1929, he wrote a poem "We must fight"[35], in which he branded the believers and called for God fighting.
In the same 1929, he, together with Maxim Gorky and Demyan Bedny, took part in the Second Congress of the Union of Militant Atheists.
In his speech at the congress, Mayakovsky called on writers and poets to participate in the fight against religion.
"We can already unmistakably distinguish the fascist's mauser behind the Catholic soutane.
We can already distinguish the sawn off fist unmistakably behind the priest's cassock, but thousands of other intricacies through art entangle us with the same damned mysticism.
<...
> If it is still possible to understand in one way or another the brainless from the flock, who have been driving a religious feeling into themselves for dozens of years, the so called believers, then a religious writer who works consciously and still works religiously, we must qualify to pose either as a charlatan or as a fool.
Comrades, usually their pre revolutionary meetings and congresses ended with the call "with God" - today the congress will end with the words "for God".
This is the slogan of today's writer."[36]
Perpetuation of memory[edit / edit wiki text]
Commemorative plaques
In Rostov on Don
In Rostov on Don, the RERZ plant
Bas relief of Mayakovsky with a memorable text in Azerbaijani and Russian languages in Baku, on the side facade of the building of the current Azerbaijan State Pedagogical University
Many streets in the cities of Russia and other countries are named after Mayakovsky: Berlin, Dzerzhinsk, Donetsk, Zaporozhye, Izhevsk, Kaliningrad, Kislovodsk, Kiev, Kutaisi, Minsk, Moscow, Odessa, Penza, Perm, Ruzaevka, Samara, St. Petersburg, Tbilisi, Tuapse, Grozny, Ufa, Khmelnitsky.
In many cities there are monuments to Mayakovsky Dzerzhinsk, Yekaterinburg, Moscow, St. Petersburg, Tbilisi, Ufa, Novokuznetsk, Vologda.
In Moscow and St. Petersburg metro has a station named after Mayakovsky station Mayakovskaya in Moscow, the station Mayakovskaya metro station in Saint Petersburg in the Name of Mayakovsky called a lot of theatres, cinemas, etc.: the Moscow theater.
VL.
Mayakovsky, the Norilsk polar drama theater.
VL.
Mayakovsky, Bryansk drama theatre.
Mayakovsky State Russian drama theatre in Dushanbe, the Palace of culture named after Mayakovsky in Novokuznetsk, Russia, Gorky Park.
Mayakovsky in Yekaterinburg, "Park of culture and leisure.
Mayakovsky" in Belaya Kalitva, cinema them.
Mayakovsky in Novosibirsk, theater im.
Mayakovsky in Omsk, library named after V. V. Mayakovsky in Kaliningrad, Central municipal public library named after V. V. Mayakovsky in St. Petersburg House of the writer name of V. V. Mayakovsky (Leningrad / St. Petersburg)
The minor planet (2931) Mayakovsky, discovered on October 16, 1969 by L. I. Chernykh[37], is named in honor of Vladimir Mayakovsky.
In 1937, the V. V. Mayakovsky Museum Library was established in Moscow, in 1968 it was transformed into the V. V. Mayakovsky State Museum.
In 1997, the "All Russian Literary Prize named after V. V. Mayakovsky"was established.[38]
Mayakovsky's creativity is reflected in music: on April 14, 2005, the company "Antrop" released the tribute album " Live Mayakovsky — - a disc with songs based on his poems, the music for which was composed by modern musicians.
On July 19, 2008, the second disc was released.[39]
In 1997, the band "Gang of Four" released a song about Mayakovsky - "Mayakovka" (the album "Ugly Time").
Yegor Letov has a song "Recusal", dedicated to Mayakovsky.
The Kharkiv musical art rock group "Orchestra Che" has a song and a video "Guten Morgen, Mayakovsky", archive footage is used in the video.
The punk band "The Last Tanks in Paris" has a song of the same name for Mayakovsky's poem "To you!"
The rock band "Splin" has a song "Mayak" for Mayakovsky's poem " Lilichka.
Instead of a letter."
In 1986-1990, there was a rock band "Mystery Buff".
Most of their repertoire consists of songs based on Mayakovsky's poems.
The rock group "Pravy" wrote the song "Left March", the words of which are poems by Mayakovsky.
The punk band "Lomonosov's Plan" in 2016 released the album "Cloud in Pants", where one or another excerpt from the poem of the same name by V. Mayakovsky is taken as the text for the songs.
In Soviet times, the poet's native village was called Mayakovsky.
A village in the Kaliningrad Region also bears his name.
The aircraft A330 VQ BCU, owned by Aeroflot, is named in honor of V. V. Mayakovsky.
Mayakovsky Museum in Moscow
Monument to Vladimir Mayakovsky in Zyryanovsk
Metro station in Saint Petersburg
The ship that sank in Riga in 1950 was named after Mayakovsky.
In Baku, on the wall, on the side facade of the ancient building of the current Azerbaijan State Pedagogical University, there is a memorial plaque with a bas relief of Mayakovsky and a memorable text in Azerbaijani and Russian: "Here, in the great hall of the Azerbaijan Pedagogical Institute, the great Soviet poet Vladimir Vladimirovich Mayakovsky repeatedly read his works"[15].
The four deck cruise ship 301 of the project, built in Germany in 1978, is named in honor of the poet.
The N 1 school of the city of Jermuk (Armenia) is named in honor of the poet.
Museums[edit / edit wiki text]
In 1937, the Mayakovsky Library Museum was opened in Moscow (former Gendrikov Lane, now Mayakovsky Lane).
In January 1974, the Mayakovsky State Museum was opened in Moscow (on Bolshaya Lubyanka).
In 2013, the main building of the museum was closed for reconstruction, but exhibitions are still held.
You can visit them at the address: Moscow, Malaya Dmitrovka 29, p. 4 ("Chekhov's House").
In 1941, the Mayakovsky Museum was opened in the village of Baghdadi in Georgia[40].
In philately[edit / edit wiki text]
Postage stamp of the USSR,
one thousand nine hundred forty
Postage stamp of the USSR,
one thousand nine hundred forty
Postage stamp of the USSR,
one thousand nine hundred forty
Postage stamp of the USSR,
one thousand nine hundred forty
Postage stamp of the USSR,
one thousand nine hundred forty three
Postage stamp of the USSR,
one thousand nine hundred forty three
Postage stamp of the USSR, 1953:
60 years since the birth of Mayakovsky.
Artist Dubasov
Postage stamp of the USSR,
one thousand nine hundred fifty five
Postage stamp of the USSR, 1959: monument to Mayakovsky in Moscow
Postage stamp of Hungary, 1959
Postage stamp of the USSR,
one thousand nine hundred sixty three
Postage stamp of Russia, 2000:
Vladimir Mayakovsky and the Windows of GROWTH.
Mayakovsky is also depicted on a postage stamp of Bulgaria in 1955.
In numismatics[edit / edit wiki text]
1 ruble.
100th anniversary of the birth of V. V. Mayakovsky.
(Release date 14.07.1993; materials copper, nickel; quality proof, uncirculated; series Outstanding personalities of Russia).[41]
Artist A. A. Kolodkin[42].
Token of 2009 Vodka tokens.
The series "Culture and Art".
[43][44]
Facts[edit / edit wiki text]
Excerpt from the book "Mayakovsky rides through the Union":[45]
Russian graves On Sunday, we went to see the grave of the last Russian tsar on the sledge.
But it is important for me to give a feeling that the last reptile of the last dynasty, who drank so much blood for centuries, has left us here.
Mayakovsky loved gambling and was fond of playing billiards.
He played very well for an amateur level, he had an amazingly accurate and strong shot.
He rarely played with professional players, as he was disgusted with the tricks of the professional game.
But he also did not like playing "empty", that is, without any bet, either.
In his opinion, the players should have at least a small "interest" (that is, some kind of material interest).
He made exceptions only for partners who were obviously weak, so he played, for example, with Lunacharsky, who loved the game very much, used any free minute to "roll the balls", but played extremely poorly.[46]
Based on poems and excerpts from the poem "Good!" by Vladimir Mayakovsky, Georgy Sviridov wrote a "Pathetic Oratorio" for bass, mezzo soprano, choir and symphony orchestra (1959)[47].
Dilma Rousseff was finally removed from the post of President of Brazil by the decision of the Brazilian Senate on August 31, 2016.
61 senators supported the resignation of the president.
After the impeachment vote, she addressed her colleagues and ended her speech with lines from Vladimir Mayakovsky's poem "Well, well!"
("Não estamos alegres, é certo, Mas também por que razão haveríamos de ficar tristes?
O mar da história é agitado As ameaças e as guerras, haveremos de atravessá las, Rompê las ao meio, Cortando as como uma quilha corta. "
[I opened my eyes with a soft rustle of pages…
And there was a smell of gunpowder from all borders.
Not again, who are over twenty, grow up in a thunderstorm.]
We have nothing to be happy about, but there is nothing to be sad about.
The water of history is stormy.
We will cut threats and war in the open, as the keel cuts a wave.")[48]
[49].
Notes[edit / edit wiki text]
Немец German National Library, Berlin State Library, Bavarian State Library, etc. Record #118640801 // General regulatory control — 2012-2016.
<a href="https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q27302"></a><a href="https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q304037"></a><a href="https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q256507"></a><a href="https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q170109"></a><a href="https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q36578"></a>
↑ 1 2 Now Imereti, Georgia.
↑ B. P. Goncharov Mayakovsky Vladimir Vladimirovich // Great Soviet encyclopedia: [in 30 m] / ed. ed.
A. M. Prokhorov — 3rd ed. — M.: Soviet encyclopedia, 1974.
— T. 15 : Lombard — Musical.
— P. 542-543.
<a href="https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q19614528"></a><a href="https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q17378135"></a>
[History of Russian literature of the XX century (20-90s). Main names] ↑ July 19, 120 years since the birth of Vladimir Mayakovsky ↑ Poets and security officers ↑ Vladimir Mayakovsky.
Complete works, vol .
I, notes.
State Publishing House of artists.
lit., 1955 ↑ 1 2 3 4 5 6 Newspaper "Gordon Boulevard" | The Thirteenth Apostle.
Archived from the original source on July 25, 2013.
↑ 1 2 Mayakovsky's participation in the revolutionary movement. (1906-1910)
Publication by V. F. Zemskov ↑ Basmannaya police unit ↑ Photo of the Petty bourgeois police unit ↑ History of the Petty bourgeois police unit ↑ Myasnitskaya police unit ↑ Sherikh D. Yu.
City month.
1000 dates from the past of St. Petersburg, Petrograd, Leningrad / / To the 290th anniversary of St. Petersburg.
- St. Petersburg: St. Petersburg XXI century.
— 224 p.
- ISBN 5-85490-036 X ↑ 1 2 3 N. Agaev.
Vladimir Mayakovsky has been praising the "oil capital of the world" all his life / / Azerbaijani Izvestia: gazeta.
- July 24, 2013.
- No. 131.
↑ 1 2 Deadly love duel k News of culture and art of Russia and the world MK.
Archived from the original source on July 25, 2013.
↑ " Mayakovsky answered in detail.
He was deeply convinced that the reviews of the " Bathhouse "were not an accident, but a link in the chain of a systematic campaign, which he persistently called"harassment".
He claimed that this campaign against him became especially fierce in connection with the exhibition that he organized for the twentieth anniversary of his literary activity" // V. M. Mlechin.
From the memories of meetings with V. V. Mayakovsky.
"How Mayakovsky was killed" Moskovsky Komsomolets No. 25729, August 26, 2011 ↑ 1 2 Vladimir Mayakovsky would have turned 120 years old today :: Company :: Top.rbc.ru.
Archived from the original source on July 25, 2013.
↑ 1 2 3 4 5 6 Vladimir Mayakovsky.
The third extra — Soon on the air the First channel.
Archived from the original source on July 25, 2013.
↑ 1 2 Konstantin Karchevsky "...I will LOVE...".
Archived from the original source on July 25, 2013.
Москов Moscow graves.
Lavinsky N. A. Archived from the original source on July 25, 2013.
↑ 1 2 Evgeny Guskov about Alexander Kaidonovsky | Alexander Kaidanovsky.
Archived from the original source on July 25, 2013.
↑ 1 2 3 Lilya Brik and Vladimir Mayakovsky ↑ 1 2 Ivanova Natalia Sergeevna.
Adultery.
- Moscow: VECHE, 2008 — - 540 p. ↑ 1 2 The same Veronika Polonskaya.
Interview to the magazine "Soviet screen", No. 13-1990 ↑ 1 2 "Mayakovsky never went out of fashion".
/ / city fm.ru (04.09.2011).
Verified on July 22, 2013.
Archived from the original source on July 25, 2013.
Ор Orlyanskaya A. Patricia Thompson: "In order for Mayakovsky not to go to America with my mother, Lilya arranged a meeting with Tatyana Yakovleva for him" // OpenSpace.ru, November 29, 2010 ↑ Website about the V. V. Mayakovsky Museum.
Archived from the original source on July 25, 2013.
↑ The same Veronika Polonskaya.
Interview to the magazine "Soviet Screen", No. 13-1990 К To the 80th anniversary of the death of Mayakovsky ↑ Moscow directory of funeral services ↑ The film "Drama in the Futurist Cabaret No. 13" was released ↑ Nye dlya deneg radivshisya (English) on the Internet Movie Database site ↑ Three rooms with a kitchen // Encyclopedia of cinema.
- 2010.
↑ V. Mayakovsky — "We must fight", a poem, 1929 ↑ V. V. Mayakovsky's speech at the II All Union Congress of Militant Atheists ↑ MPC database on small bodies of the Solar system (2931) (English) ↑ All — Russian Literary Prize named after V. V. Mayakovsky RSE Ма Mayakovsky.
Tribute to Vladimir Mayakovsky: a biography.
Archived from the original source on July 25, 2013.
↑ 100th anniversary of the birth of V. V. Mayakovsky | Commemorative coins of Russia | Bank of Russia ↑ Kolodkin Alexander Anatolyevich.
Artist.
Archived from the original source on July 25, 2013.
↑ http://tokenoman.ru/images/stories/tokens/vsjako/vodka/vodka2_16b.jpg ↑ Vodka "Standard".
2 grams.
Culture and Art - Collection of tokens tokenoman metro tokens, telephone, gaming, trading and advertising tokens, tokens and other ersatz money.
Archived from the original source on July 25, 2013.
Павел Pavel Ilyich Lavut.
Mayakovsky rides through the Union.
Moscow: Soviet Russia, 1969.
p. 138, 8P2 L13 ↑ V. M. Mlechin.
From the memories of meetings with V. V. Mayakovsky.
"How Mayakovsky was killed" Moskovsky Komsomolets No. 25729, August 26, 2011 Поля Polyakova L. Georgy Vasilyevich Sviridov.
Belcanto.ru: Classical music, opera and ballet.
Verified on September 6, 2015.
Rousseff finished her speech after the impeachment with a quote from Mayakovsky Po Poema lido por Dilma Rousseff é de russo conhecido como Poeta da Revolução.
Leia
Literature[edit / edit wiki text]
Books[edit / edit wiki text]
Alfonsov V.
We need the word for life.
In the poetic world of Mayakovsky.
- M.: Soviet writer, 1984 — - 248 p — - 20,000 copies.
"It's not my fault that I'm dying
