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The Solar System
Outer space > The solar system is a collection of certain neighbors in space that exist within certain limits.
This extraordinary system of celestial bodies includes: a star, 8 planets, 140 moons and many other objects, such as asteroids, comets, as well as dwarf planets.
In the very center of the Solar System there is an average in size and age yellow star, which we call the Sun.
Around it, for about five billion years, 8 planets have been circling in an eternal dance, as well as other rotating bodies.
The size of the planets varies from small stone worlds to giants consisting of gas and ice.
There are many moons orbiting around such planets, ranging in size from rocky asteroids to established planets with their own atmosphere.
Composition of the Solar system
The sun is the source of energy of our planet.
The strong gravitational field of the Sun keeps the planets in their places.
Weather conditions and climate on the planets, as well as biological life on Earth, depend on the energy of the sun.
Without the Sun, life on Earth would be impossible.
Planets of the Earth group
The solar system is divided into two parts — the inner and outer regions.
The planets of the Earth group are located in the inner region (Mercury, Venus, Earth and Mars).
Mercury
Venus
Earth
Mars
Asteroid Belt After leaving the red planet with its moons behind, we find before us a strange cluster of small planet like objects called the Asteroid Belt of the Solar System.
The gas giants Jupiter and Saturn, as well as the ice giants Uranus and Neptune are located in the outer region.
The two regions are separated by an asteroid Belt.
The planets of the Earth group consist of a silicate crust, a mantle and a metal core.
The planets of the outer region consist mainly of hydrogen and helium.
Jupiter
Saturn
Uranus
Neptune
There are two regions beyond Neptune the Kuiper Belt and the Oort Cloud.
The Kuiper Belt consists of dwarf planets and many small celestial bodies.
At a considerable distance from the Kuiper Belt, the Oort cloud is located — the abode of icy comets.
Scientists have little information about these regions, however, they hope that in 2015, when the NASA satellite reaches Pluto, science will be abundantly replenished with new information.
Other objects of the Solar system
Comets are cosmic snowballs consisting of frozen gases, rocks and dust and about the size of a small city.
When a comet's orbit brings it close to the Sun, it heats up and spews dust and gas, making it brighter than most planets.
Dwarf Planets Dwarf planets orbit the Sun, as do the eight major planets.
But unlike planets, dwarf planets are not able to clear their orbital path.
The dwarf planet is much smaller than the planets (smaller than even the Earth's satellite Moon).
The most famous of the dwarf planets is Pluto.
The Kuiper Belt and the Oort Cloud The Kuiper Belt is a disk shaped region of icy objects beyond the orbit of Neptune billions of kilometers from our Sun.
Pluto and Eris are the most famous of these icy worlds.
There could be hundreds more ice dwarfs out there.
The Kuiper Belt and the even more distant Oort Cloud are believed to be home to comets orbiting the Sun.
Outside the Solar System, our star and its planets are only a tiny part of the Milky Way galaxy.
Beyond the Solar system lies a vast expanse, which is a huge city of stars, so large that it would take 100,000 years to cross it at the speed of light.
All the stars in the night sky, including our Sun — are just some of the inhabitants of this galaxy.
In addition to our own galaxy, there are a huge number of other galaxies
At the moment, we know that the Solar system consists of the Sun, eight planets and their moons, as well as asteroids, comets, dwarf celestial bodies, the Kuiper Belt and the Oort cloud.
Eight planets, with the exception of Uranus, move around the sun in the same direction and in the same plane, called the ecliptic plane.
The order of the planets of the Solar system (from left to right): Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune
The history of the exploration of the Solar system For many centuries, people have been looking at the night sky and thinking about the mysterious lights, trying to at least partially understand the essence of what is happening.
Soon people noticed that some lights were moving across the sky along certain trajectories.
These lights were called planets, which translates from Greek as a wanderer, and the system of planets was called the "Solar System".
Thus, the modern name of the Solar system was received at the dawn of history.
At the time of the appearance of the concept of "planet" in the scientific community, scientists believed that the earth was the center of the universe, so the planets were presented as divine messengers traveling through the heavenly expanses.
Many planets have received divine names — Mercury, Mars, Venus, Jupiter, Saturn.
After the dense Middle Ages were replaced by the Renaissance, scientific paradigms underwent significant changes.
People began to gradually come to the realization that after all, the planets move around the sun, and not around the earth.
A huge contribution to the astronomy of this period was made by such scientists as Galileo, Copernicus and Kepler.
With the invention of the telescope, scientists realized that our Solar system has a much more complex structure than previously thought.
Soon the moons of Jupiter were discovered, as well as the rings of Saturn.
Thus began a new era in space exploration.
Armed with telescopes, scientists continued to explore the cosmos.
Eventually, after extensive research, Uranus, Neptune and the ninth planet of the solar system, Pluto, were discovered.
Later, thanks to more advanced technologies, the moons of Mars, Jupiter and Saturn were discovered.
Already at the beginning of the 20th century, humanity was able to see the planets of the solar system in detail.
A significant event in the world of astronomy was the sending of telescopes into outer space.
Thanks to the Voyager program, launched in 1977, extensive information was obtained about the planets of our Solar system.
At the end of the 20th century, the planet Pluto was ranked as a dwarf planet.
Thus, our Solar system began to consist of eight planets instead of nine.
Useful articles:
Interesting facts about the Solar system;
Formation of the Solar System How the Solar System was formed; Geocentric model of the Solar System; Heliocentric model of the Solar System; Solar Nebula Theory; Solar Nebula;
Facts about the Solar system The largest objects of the Solar system;
How many satellites are there in the Solar system;
The largest satellite in the Solar system;
The smallest satellite in the Solar system;
How many stars are there in the Solar System; Dimensions of the Solar System;
The age of the Solar System;
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