Shostakovich, Dmitry Dmitrievich
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Dmitry Shostakovich
1950 Basic information Full name Dmitry Dmitrievich Shostakovich
Date of birth 12 (25) September 1906 (1906-09-25)
Place of birth Saint Petersburg,
The Russian Empire
Date of death: August 9, 1975 (1975-08-09) (68 years old)
Place of death Moscow, USSR
Country Russian Empire Russian Empire
USSR USSR
Professions composer, film composer, pianist, teacher
Piano instruments
Genres symphonic and chamber music, opera
Awards
Autograph
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Dmitry Dmitrievich Shostakovich (September 12 (25), 1906, Saint Petersburg — August 9, 1975, Moscow) was a Soviet composer, pianist, musical and public figure, Doctor of Art History, teacher, professor.
People's Artist of the USSR (1954).
Winner of the Lenin Prize (1958), five Stalin Prizes (1941, 1942, 1946, 1950, 1952), The State Prize of the USSR (1968) and the State Prize of the RSFSR named after M. I. Glinka (1974).
One of the greatest composers of the XX century.
He is the author of 15 symphonies, 6 concerts, 3 operas, 3 ballets, numerous works of chamber music, music for films and theater productions.
Content
1 Biography 1.1 Origin 1.2 Childhood and Youth 1.3 1920s 1.4 1930s 1.5 1940s 1.6 1950s 1.7 1960s 1.8 1970s
2 Family 3 The meaning of creativity 4 Music 4.1 Main works
5 Awards and prizes 6 Membership in organizations 7 Memory 8 Comments 9 Notes 10 Literature 11 References 11.1 Multimedia
Biography[edit / edit wiki text]
Origin[edit / edit wiki text]
Dmitry Dmitrievich Shostakovich's great grandfather on his father's side a veterinarian Pyotr Mikhailovich Shostakovich (1808-1871) - counted himself among the peasants in the documents; as a voluntary listener, he graduated from the Vilna Medical Surgical Academy[1].
In 1830-1831, he participated in the Polish uprising and after its suppression, together with his wife, Maria Jozefa Yasinskaya, was exiled to the Urals, to the Perm province[2][3][4].
In the 40s, the couple lived in Yekaterinburg, where on January 27, 1845, their son, Boleslav Artur, was born[3][2].
In Yekaterinburg, Pyotr Shostakovich rose to the rank of a collegiate assessor; in 1858, the family moved to Kazan.
Here, even in his high school years, Boleslav Petrovich became close to the leaders of the"Land and Will" [5].
After graduating from high school, at the end of 1862, he went to Moscow, following the Kazan "landowners" Yu.
M. Mosolov and N. M. Shatilov; he worked in the management of the Nizhny Novgorod railway, took an active part in organizing the escape from prison of the revolutionary Yaroslav Dombrovsky[6].
In 1865, Boleslav Shostakovich returned to Kazan, but in 1866 he was arrested, escorted to Moscow and brought to trial in the case of N. A. Ishutin — D. V. Karakozov[7][2].
After four months in the Peter and Paul Fortress, he was sentenced to exile in Siberia; he lived in Tomsk, in 1872-1877 in Narym, where on October 11, 1875, his son, named Dmitry, was born, then in Irkutsk, he was the manager of the local branch of the Siberian Commercial Bank[8].
In 1892, at that time already an honorary citizen of Irkutsk, Boleslav Shostakovich received the right of universal residence, but preferred to stay in Siberia[9][10].
The grave of Shostakovich's mother on the Literary Bridges in St. Petersburg.
Dmitry Boleslavovich Shostakovich (1875-1922) in the mid 90s went to St. Petersburg and entered the natural department of the Faculty of Physics and Mathematics of St. Petersburg University, after which, in 1900, he was hired at the Chamber of Weights and Measures, shortly before created by D. I. Mendeleev[11].
In 1902, he was appointed senior verifier of the Chamber, and in 1906 head of the City Verification Tent[12].
Participation in the revolutionary movement in the Shostakovich family by the beginning of the XX century had already become a tradition, and Dmitry was no exception: according to family testimonies, on January 9, 1905, he participated in the march to the Winter Palace, and later proclamations were printed in his apartment[13].
Dmitry Dmitrievich Shostakovich's maternal grandfather, Vasily Kokoulin (1850-1911), was born, like Dmitry Boleslavovich, in Siberia; after graduating from the city school in Kirensk, he moved to Bodaibo in the late 1860s, where many were attracted by the "gold rush" in those years, and in 1889 became the manager of a mining office[14].
The official press noted that he "found time to delve into the needs of employees and workers and meet their needs": he introduced insurance and medical care for workers, established trade in cheaper goods for them, built warm barracks[15].
His wife, Alexandra Petrovna Kokoulina, opened a school for the children of workers; there is no information about her education, but it is known that in Bodaibo she organized an amateur orchestra, widely known in Siberia[14].
The younger daughter of the Kokoulins, Sofya Vasilyevna (1878-1955), inherited her love for music from her mother: she studied piano under her mother's guidance and at the Irkutsk Institute of Noble Maidens, and after graduating from it, she followed her older brother Yakov to the capital and was accepted to the St. Petersburg Conservatory, where she studied first with S. A. Malozemova, and then with A. A. Rozanova[16].
Yakov Kokoulin studied at the Natural Sciences Department of the Faculty of Physics and Mathematics of St. Petersburg University, where he met his countryman Dmitry Shostakovich; their love for music brought them closer[17][2].
As an excellent singer, Yakov introduced Dmitry Boleslavovich to his sister Sofia, and in February 1903 their wedding took place[13].
In October of the same year, the young couple had a daughter, Maria, in September 1906 — a son named Dmitry, and three years later a younger daughter, Zoya[18][19].
Childhood and youth[edit / edit wiki text]
Memorial plaque on the house 2 on Podolskaya street
Dmitry Dmitrievich Shostakovich was born in the house No. 2 on Podolskaya Street, where D. I. Mendeleev rented the first floor for a City verification tent in 1906.
In 1915, Shostakovich entered the Commercial Gymnasium of Maria Shidlovskaya, and his first serious musical impressions belong to this time: after attending the performance of the opera by N. A. Rimsky Korsakov "The Tale of Tsar Saltan", the young Shostakovich declared his desire to seriously study music.
His first piano lessons were given to him by his mother, and after several months of classes, Shostakovich was able to start studying at a private music school of the then famous piano teacher I. A. Glasser[21].
B. Kustodiev.
Portrait of D. Shostakovich (1919).
While studying with Glasser, Shostakovich achieved some success in piano performance, but he did not share his student's interest in composition, and in 1918 Shostakovich left his school.
In the summer of the following year, the young musician was listened to by A. K. Glazunov, who spoke approvingly about his compositional talent.
In the autumn of the same year, Shostakovich entered the Petrograd Conservatory, where he studied harmony and orchestration under the direction of M. O. Steinberg, counterpoint and fugue under N. A. Sokolov, while also conducting.
At the end of 1919, Shostakovich wrote his first major orchestral work, the Scherzo fis moll.
The following year, Shostakovich entered the piano class of L. V. Nikolaev, where among his classmates were Maria Yudina and Vladimir Sofronitsky.
During this period, the "Anna Vogt Circle" was formed, focusing on the latest trends in Western music of that time.
Shostakovich also becomes an active participant in this circle, he gets acquainted with composers B. V. Asafyev and V. V. Shcherbachev, conductor N. A. Malko.
Shostakovich writes "Two Fables of Krylov" for mezzo soprano and piano and "Three Fantastic Dances" for piano.
He studied at the conservatory diligently and with special zeal, despite the difficulties of that time: the First World War, the revolution, the civil war, the devastation, the famine.
There was no heating in the conservatory in winter, transport was bad, and many people dropped music, missed classes.
Shostakovich "gnawed the granite of science".
Almost nightly, he could be seen at concerts of the Petrograd Philharmonic, which reopened in 1921.
A hard life with a half starved existence (the conservative ration was very small) led to severe exhaustion.
In 1922, Shostakovich's father died, the family was left without means of subsistence.
A few months later, Shostakovich underwent a serious operation that almost cost him his life.
Despite his failing health, he is looking for a job and gets a job as a piano player in a cinema.
Great help and support during these years is provided by Glazunov, who managed to get Shostakovich an additional ration and a personal scholarship.
[21].
1920s[edit / edit wiki text]
Shostakovich in 1925
In 1923, Shostakovich graduated from the Conservatory in the piano class (with L. V. Nikolaev), and in 1925 — in the composition class (with M. O. Steinberg).
His graduation work was The First Symphony.
While studying at the graduate school of the Conservatory, he taught reading scores at the Mussorgsky Music College.
According to a tradition dating back to Rubinstein, Rachmaninoff and Prokofiev, Shostakovich was going to continue his career both as a concert pianist and as a composer.
In 1927, at the First International Chopin Piano Competition in Warsaw, where Shostakovich also performed a sonata of his own composition, he received an honorary diploma.
Fortunately, the famous German conductor Bruno Walter noticed the unusual talent of the musician even earlier, during his tour in the USSR; after hearing the First Symphony, Walter immediately asked Shostakovich to send the score to him in Berlin; the symphony's foreign premiere took place on November 22, 1927 in Berlin.
Following Bruno Walter, the Symphony was performed in Germany by Otto Klemperer, in the USA by Leopold Stokowski (the American premiere was held on November 2, 1928 in Philadelphia) and Arturo Toscanini, thereby making the Russian composer famous[22].
In 1927, two more significant events occurred in the life of Shostakovich.
In January, the Austrian composer of the Novovensky School, Alban Berg, visited Leningrad.
Berg's arrival was due to the Russian premiere of his opera "Wozzek", which became a huge event in the cultural life of the country, and also inspired Shostakovich to start writing the opera" The Nose", based on the story by Nikolai Gogol.
Another important event was Shostakovich's acquaintance with I. I. Sollertinsky, who during his long term friendship with the composer enriched Shostakovich with acquaintance with the works of great composers of the past and present.
At the same time, in the late 1920s and early 1930s, the following two symphonies by Shostakovich were written — both with the participation of the choir: The second ("Symphonic dedication to October", in the words of I. Bezymensky) and the Third ("May Day", in the words of S. I. Kirsanov).
In 1928, Shostakovich met V. E. Meyerhold in Leningrad and, at his invitation, worked for some time as a pianist and head of the musical part of the V. E. Meyerhold Theater in Moscow[21].
In 1930-1933, he worked as the head of the musical part of the Leningrad Tram (now the Baltic House Theater).
1930s[edit / edit wiki text]
His opera "Lady Macbeth of the Mtsensk District" based on the story by N. S. Leskov (written in 1930-1932, staged in Leningrad in 1934), initially received with enthusiasm and having already existed on the stage for a season and a half, was defeated in the Soviet press (article "Confusion instead of music" in the newspaper "Pravda" from January 28, 1936)[23].
In the same year, 1936, the premiere of the 4th Symphony was to take place — a work of a much more monumental scale than all the previous symphonies of Shostakovich, combining tragic pathos with grotesque, lyrical and intimate episodes, and, perhaps, should begin a new, mature period in the composer's work.
Shostakovich suspended rehearsals of the Symphony before the December premiere.
The 4th Symphony was first performed only in 1961[21].
In May 1937, Shostakovich released the 5th Symphony, a work whose thoroughly dramatic character, unlike the previous three "avant garde" symphonies, is outwardly "hidden" in the generally accepted symphonic form (4 movements: with the sonata form of the first movement, scherzo, adagio and finale with an outwardly triumphant end) and other "classical" elements.
Stalin commented on the release of the 5th Symphony on the pages of Pravda with the phrase: "A business like creative response of a Soviet artist to fair criticism" [24].
After the premiere of the work, a laudatory article was published in Pravda.
Since 1937, Shostakovich led a composition class at the Rimsky Korsakov LGC.
In 1939, he became a professor.
On November 5, 1939, the premiere of his 6th symphony took place.
25].
1940s[edit / edit wiki text]
Shostakovich's message about the writing of the Seventh Symphony
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Leningrad, a 1941 radio program Help with reproduction
Dmitry Shostakovich in a fireman's helmet on the cover of Time magazine in 1942
External images of a soldier of the volunteer fire brigade of the faculty of the Conservatory D. D. Shostakovich during duty.
Archived from the original source on May 26, 2013.
During the first months of the Great Patriotic War in Leningrad (until the evacuation to Kuibyshev in October), Shostakovich began working on the 7th symphony — "Leningrad".
The symphony was first performed on the stage of the Kuibyshev Opera and Ballet Theater on March 5, 1942, and on March 29, 1942 in the Column Hall of the Moscow House of Unions.
On August 9, 1942The production was performed in the besieged Leningrad.
The organizer and conductor was Karl Eliasberg, conductor of the Great Symphony Orchestra of the Leningrad Radio Committee.
The performance of the symphony became an important event in the life of the fighting city and its inhabitants.
A year later, Shostakovich wrote the 8th Symphony, (dedicated to Mravinsky) in which, as if following Mahler's testament that "the whole world should be displayed in the symphony," he draws a monumental fresco of what is happening around.
In 1943, the composer moved to Moscow and until 1948 taught composition and instrumentation at the Moscow Conservatory (since 1943, professor).
V. D. Bibergan, R. S. Bunin, A.D. Gadzhiev, G. G. Galynin, O. A. Yevlakhov, K. A. Karaev, G. V. Sviridov (at the Leningrad Conservatory), B. I. Tishchenko, A. Mnatsakanyan (at the graduate school of the Leningrad Conservatory), K. S. Khachaturian, B. A. Tchaikovsky, A. G. Chugaev studied with him[21].
To express his innermost ideas, thoughts and feelings, Shostakovich uses the genres of chamber music.
In this field, he created such masterpieces as a Piano Quintet (1940), a Piano trio (1944), String quartets № 2 (1944), № 3 (1946) and No. 4 (1949).
In 1945, after the end of the war, Shostakovich wrote the 9th Symphony.
In 1948, he was accused of "formalism", "bourgeois decadence" and "groveling before the West"[23].
Shostakovich was accused of professional incompetence, deprived of the title of professor at the Moscow and Leningrad conservatories and expelled from them[26].
The main prosecutor was the secretary of the Central Committee of the CPSU(b) A. A. Zhdanov.
In 1948, he created a vocal cycle "From Jewish folk Poetry", but left it on the table (a campaign was launched in the country at that time to "fight cosmopolitanism").
The First Violin Concerto written in 1948 was also not published at that time, and its first performance took place only in 1955.
Only 13 years later, Shostakovich returned to teaching at the Leningrad Conservatory, where he supervised several graduate students, including V. Bibergan, G. Belov, V. Nagovitsyn, B. Tishchenko, V. Uspensky (1961-1968).
In 1949, Shostakovich wrote the cantata "Song of the Forests" - an example of the pathetic" grand style " of official art of those times (based on the poems of E. A. Dolmatovsky, which tells about the triumphant post war restoration of the Soviet Union).
The premiere of the cantata is held with unprecedented success and brings Shostakovich the Stalin Prize.
1950s[edit / edit wiki text]
The fifties began with a very important work for Shostakovich.
Participating as a member of the jury at the Bach Competition in Leipzig in the autumn of 1950, the composer was so inspired by the atmosphere of the city and the music of its great resident — J. S. Bach that upon arrival in Moscow he began composing 24 Preludes and Fugues for piano.
In 1953, after an eight year break, he again turned to the symphonic genre and created the 10th symphony.
In 1954, he wrote the "Festive Overture" for the opening of the VSHV and received the title of People's Artist of the USSR.
Many of the works of the second half of the decade are imbued with optimism and a previously joyous playfulness that was not inherent in Shostakovich.
These are the 6th String Quartet (1956), the Second Piano Concerto (1957), the operetta "Moscow, Cheryomushki".
In the same year, the composer created the 11th Symphony, calling it "1905", continues to work in the genre of an instrumental concert: The First Concerto for cello and orchestra (1959).
During these years, Shostakovich's rapprochement with the official authorities began.
In 1957, he became the secretary of the USSR IC, in 1960 the RSFSR IC (in 1960-1968 the first secretary).
In the same 1960, Shostakovich joined the CPSU.
1960's[edit / edit wiki text]
S. Prokofiev, D. Shostakovich and A. Khachaturian
In 1961, Shostakovich carried out the second part of his "revolutionary" symphonic dilogy: in addition to the Eleventh Symphony "1905", he wrote Symphony No. 12 "1917" — a work of a pronounced "pictorial" character (and actually bringing the symphonic genre closer to film music), where, as if with paints on canvas, the composer draws musical pictures of Petrograd, V. I. Lenin's refuge on Lake Razliv and the October events themselves.
He sets a completely different task for himself a year later, when he turns to the poetry of E. A. Yevtushenko first writing the poem "Babi Yar "(for a bass soloist, a bass choir and an orchestra), and then adding to it four more parts from the life of modern Russia and its recent history, thereby creating a" cantata " symphony, the Thirteenth — which was performed in November 1962.
After the removal of N. S. Khrushchev from power, with the beginning of the era of political stagnation in the USSR, the tone of Shostakovich's works again acquires a gloomy character.
His quartets No. 11 (1966) and No. 12 (1968), the Second Cello Concertos (1966) and the Second Violin Concertos (1967), the Violin Sonata (1968), the vocal cycle based on the words of A. A. Blok, are imbued with anxiety, pain and inescapable longing.
In the Fourteenth Symphony (1969) — again "vocal", but this time chamber, for two solo singers and an orchestra consisting of only strings and percussion — Shostakovich uses poems by G. Apollinaire, R. M. Rilke, V. K. Kuchelbecker and F. Garcia Lorca, which are connected by one theme death (they tell about an unfair, early or violent death).
The 1970s[edit / edit wiki text]
Tombstone of Shostakovich at the Novodevichy cemetery with the image of the musical monogram: D E (flat)- Up to C (D eS C H in Latin letters), the second octave.
During these years, the composer created vocal cycles based on the poems of M. I. Tsvetaeva and Michelangelo, the 13th (1969-1970), 14th (1973) and 15th (1974) string quartets and Symphony No. 15, a composition characterized by a mood of thoughtfulness, nostalgia, memories.
Shostakovich uses quotations from the overture of J. V. Shostakovich in the music of the symphony.
Rossini's opera "Wilhelm Tell" and the theme of fate from R. Wagner's opera tetralogy "The Ring of the Nibelung" , as well as musical allusions to the music of M. I. Glinka, G. Mahler and his own.
The symphony was created in the summer of 1971, the premiere took place on January 8, 1972.
Shostakovich's last composition was a Sonata for Viola and Piano[21].
In the last few years of his life, the composer was very ill, suffering from lung cancer.
He had a very complex disease associated with a lesion of the leg muscles.
In 1970-1971, the composer came to the city of Kurgan three times and spent a total of 169 days here for treatment in the laboratory (at the Sverdlovsk Research Institute) of Dr. G. A. Ilizarov[27].
Dmitry Shostakovich died in Moscow on August 9, 1975 and was buried at the Novodevichy Cemetery (plot No. 2).
Family[edit / edit wiki text]
1st wife Nina Vasilyevna Shostakovich (nee. Varzar) (1909-1954).
She was an astrophysicist by profession, studied under the famous physicist Abram Ioffe.
She gave up her scientific career and devoted herself entirely to her family.
His son, Maxim Dmitrievich Shostakovich (b. 1938), is a conductor and pianist.
Student of A.V. Gauk and G. N. Rozhdestvensky.
Daughter Galina Dmitrievna Shostakovich.
My 2nd wife is Margarita Kainova, an employee of the Komsomol Central Committee.
The marriage quickly broke up.
My 3rd wife is Irina Antonovna Supinskaya (Shostakovich) (born on November 30, 1934 in Leningrad).
Editor of the publishing house "Soviet Composer".
She was the wife of Shostakovich from 1962 to 1975.
The meaning of creativity[edit / edit wiki text]
The monogram "Dmitry Shostakovich", encrypted with the notes: D Es C H (D E flat C C), D — "Dmitry", SCH — "Shostakovich", is used in a number of Shostakovich's works.
Shostakovich is one of the most performed composers in the world[source not specified 409 days].
The high level of composing technique, the ability to create bright and expressive melodies and themes, masterful mastery of polyphony and the finest mastery of the art of orchestration, combined with personal emotionality and colossal efficiency, made his musical works bright, original and of great artistic value.
Shostakovich's contribution to the development of music of the XX century is generally recognized as outstanding, he had a significant impact on many contemporaries and followers.
Such composers as Penderetsky, Tishchenko, Slonimsky, Schnittke, Kancheli, Bernstein, Salonen, as well as many other musicians openly declared the influence of the musical language and the personality of Shostakovich on them[source not specified 1165 days].
The genre and aesthetic diversity of Shostakovich's music is huge, it combines elements of tonal, atonal and fret music, modernism, traditionalism, expressionism and "big style"are intertwined in the composer's work.
Music[edit / edit wiki text]
In his early years, Shostakovich was influenced by the music of G. Mahler, A. Berg, I. F. Stravinsky, S. S. Prokofiev, P. Hindemith, M. P. Mussorgsky.
Constantly studying classical and avant garde traditions, Shostakovich developed his own musical language, emotionally filled and touching the hearts of musicians and music lovers around the world.
The most notable genres in Shostakovich's work are symphonies and string quartets — in each of them he wrote 15 works.
While symphonies were written throughout the composer's career, Shostakovich wrote most of the quartets towards the end of his life.
Among the most popular symphonies are the Fifth and Tenth, among the quartets — the Eighth and Fifteenth.
In the works of D. D. Shostakovich, the influence of his favorite and revered composers is noticeable: J. S. Bach (in his fugues and passacaglias), L. Beethoven (in his late quartets), P. I. Tchaikovsky, G. Mahler and partly S. V. Rachmaninov (in his symphonies), A. Berg (partly — along with M. P. Mussorgsky in his operas, as well as in the use of the technique of musical quoting).
Of the Russian composers, Shostakovich had the greatest love for Mussorgsky, for his operas "Boris Godunov" and "Khovanshchina" Shostakovich made new orchestrations.
Mussorgsky's influence is especially noticeable in certain scenes of the opera "Lady Macbeth of the Mtsensk District", in the Eleventh Symphony, as well as in satirical works.
Main works[edit / edit wiki text]
Main article: List of works by Dmitry Shostakovich
15 symphonies of the Opera: "The Nose", "Lady Macbeth of the Mtsensk district" ("Katerina Izmailova"), " The Players "(completed by K. Meyer), " Orango "(the opera was not finished, there is only a Prologue) Ballets: "The Golden Age "(1930), "Bolt" (1931) and "Light Stream" (1935) 15 string quartets Cycle "Twenty four preludes and Fugues", Op. 87 (1950—1951)[28] Festive overture to the opening of the VSHV for the night light and music program of fountains (1954) Piano quintet Oratorio "Song of the Forests "Cantatas" The Sun shines over our Motherland" and" The Execution of Stepan Razin "Anti formalist paradise Concerts and sonatas for various instruments Romances and songs for voice with piano and symphony orchestra Operetta "Moscow, Cheryomushki" Music for movies: "Ordinary people" (1945), "The Young Guard" (1948), "The Fall of Berlin" (1949), "Gadfly" (1955), "Hamlet" (1964)
, "Cheryomushki", "King Lear" (1971).
Awards and prizes[edit / edit wiki text]
Stamp of the USSR, 1976
Stamp of Russia 2000
Hero of Socialist Labor (1966) Honored Artist of the RSFSR (1942) People's Artist of the RSFSR (1947) People's Artist of the USSR (1954) People's Artist of the BASSR (1964) Stalin Prize of the first degree (1941) — for the piano quintet Stalin Prize of the first degree (1942) — for the 7th ("Leningrad") Symphony Stalin Prize of the Second degree (1946) — for the trio Stalin Prize of the First degree (1950) — for the oratorio "Song of the Forests" and the music for the film "The Fall of Berlin" (1949) Stalin Prize of the second degree (1952) — for ten poems for unaccompanied choir on poems by revolutionary poets (1951) Lenin Prize (1958) — for the 11th symphony "1905" State Prize of the USSR (1968) — for the poem "The Execution of Stepan Razin" for bass, choir and orchestra State Prize of the RSFSR named after M. I. Glinka (1974)
— for the 14th string quartet and choral cycle "Fidelity" State Prize of the Ukrainian SSR named after T. G. Shevchenko (1976 — posthumously) — for the opera "Katerina Izmailova", staged on the stage of the T. G. Shevchenko KUGATOB International Peace Prize (1954) The J. Sibelius Prize (1958) The Leonie Sonning Prize (1973) Three Orders of Lenin (1946, 1956, 1966) Order of the October Revolution (1971) Order of the Red Banner of Labor (1940) Order of Friendship of Peoples (1972) Commander of the Order of Arts and Literature (France, 1958) Silver Commander's Cross of the Order of Honor for Services to the Republic of Austria (1967) Medals Honorary Diploma at the I International Chopin Piano Competition in Warsaw (1927).
Prize of the I th All Union Film Festival for the best music for the film "Hamlet" (Leningrad, 1964).
Membership in organizations[edit / edit wiki text]
Shostakovich Street, Samara.
The composer worked in House No. 5 during the war years.
On the left is the building of the Institute of Culture
Member of the CPSU since 1960 Doctor of Art History (1965) Member of the Soviet Committee for the Protection of Peace (since 1949), the Slavic Committee of the USSR (since 1942), the World Committee for the Protection of Peace (since 1968) Honorary member of the American Institute of Arts and Letters (1943), the Royal Swedish Academy of Music (1954), the Italian Academy of Arts "Santa Cecilia" (1956), the Serbian Academy of Sciences and Arts (1965) Honorary Doctor of Music of Oxford University (1958) Honorary Doctor of Northwestern University in Evanston (USA, 1973) Member of the French Academy corresponding member of the Academy of Arts of the GDR (1956), the Bavarian Academy of Fine Arts (1968), member of the Royal Academy of Music of England (1958).
Honorary Professor of the Mexican Conservatory.
President of the society "USSR Austria" (1958) Deputy of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR of the 6th 9th convocations.
Deputy of the Supreme Soviet of the RSFSR of the 2nd 5th convocations.
Memory[edit / edit wiki text]
St. Petersburg State Philharmonic named after D. D. Shostakovich 28.05.2015 the first monument to D. D. Shostakovich in Moscow was opened in front of the Moscow International House of Music [source not specified 51 days] In 1977, a street in the north of St. Petersburg was named in memory of D. D. Shostakovich.
A monument to D. D. Shostakovich was erected on it in 2009.
It is complemented by music written by the composer, broadcast through speakers[source not specified 51 days].
The name of D. D. Shostakovich is given to a street in Samara, which was previously called Rabochaya [source not specified for 51 days].
Comments[edit / edit wiki text]
It was this address that D. D. Shostakovich later indicated in all the questionnaires[20].
Notes[edit / edit wiki text]
↑ Khentova, I, 1985, p .
17, 44 ↑ 1 2 3 4 Mikheeva, 1997, p .
6 ↑ 1 2 Khentova, I, 1985, p. 16 ↑ Meyer, 1998, p. 9 ↑ Khentova, I, 1985, p. 17-18 ↑ Khentova, I, 1985, p. 18-24 ↑ Khentova, I, 1985, p. 36-40 ↑ Khentova, I, 1985, p. 40-48 ↑ Khentova, I, 1985, p. 49 Мих Mikheeva, 1997, pp.
7-8 ↑ Mikheeva, 1997, pp.
9-10 ↑ Khentova, I, 1985, pp.
60-61 ↑ 1 2 Khentova, I, 1985, p. 56 ↑ 1 2 Khentova, I, 1985, p. 52 ↑ Khentova, I, 1985, p. 53 ↑ Khentova, I, 1985, p. 54 ↑ Khentova, I, 1985, p .
54-55 ↑ Khentova, I, 1985, p .
60-62 ↑ Mikheeva, 1997, p .
10-11 ↑ 1 2 Khentova, I, 1985, p .
61 ↑ 1 2 3 4 5 6 Shostakovich Dmitry Dmitrievich.
Music Encyclopedia, 1973-1982.
Music encyclopedia.
Verified on April 4, 2013.
Archived from the original source on April 4, 2013.
↑ The official website of D. D. Shostakovich ↑ 1 2 Hero of the Social Network.
Truda Shostakovich Dmitry Dmitrievich :: Heroes of the country.
Verified on April 4, 2013.
Archived from the original source on April 4, 2013.
Volkov S.
The history of Russian culture of the twentieth century: From Leo Tolstoy to Alexander Solzhenitsyn.
- Moscow: Eksmo, 2008.
- p. 162.
Ш Shostakovich.
Symphony No. 6 (Symphony No. 6 (h moll), Op. 54) | Belcanto.ru.
www.belcanto.ru.
Verified on December 5, 2015.
↑ MGK named after Tchaikovsky personalities Dmitry Dmitrievich Shostakovich.
Verified on April 6, 2013.
Archived from the original source on April 14, 2013 .
Светл Svetlana Koshkarova.
The fifth anniversary festival named after Shostakovich will be held in Kurgan.
the newspaper "Kurgan and Kurgans" 10.09.2014 Kurt Sanderling called this work" An intimate diary " of Shostakovich.
Literature[edit / edit wiki text]
Shostakovich D. D.
To know and love music: A Conversation with young people.
- Moscow: Molodaya Gvardiya, 1958.
Shostakovich D. D. Selected articles, speeches, memoirs / Ed. A. Tishchenko.
- M.: Soviet composer, 1981.
D. Shostakovich about time and about himself, 1926-1975 / Compiled by M. Yakovlev — - M.: Soviet composer, 1980 — - 375 p. Akopyan L. O. Dmitry Shostakovich.
The experience of the phenomenology of creativity.
- St. Petersburg: Dmitry Bulanin, 2004.
Volkov S. Shostakovich and Stalin: the artist and the Tsar.
- Moscow: Eksmo Publishing House, 2004.
Grum Grzhimayao T. N. About Shostakovich.
- Moscow, 1990.
Danilevich L. V. Dmitry Shostakovich: Life and creativity.
- Moscow: Soviet Composer, 1980.
Dvornichenko O. Dmitry Shostakovich: a journey.
- M.: Text, 2006.
Dvornichenko O. Moscow Kremlin to Shostakovich.
- M.: Text, 2011 — - 669 p — - 3000 copies.
— ISBN 978-5-7516-0955-9.
Zhytomyr D. V. Shostakovich official and authentic / / Daugava.
— 1990.
— № 4.
Lukyanova N. V. Dmitry Dmitrievich Shostakovich.
- M.: Music, 1980.
Maksimenkov L. V. Confusion instead of music: The Stalinist cultural revolution of 1936-1938 Moscow: Yuridicheskaya kniga, 1997.
- 320 p. Meyer K. Shostakovich: A Life.
Creation.
Time / Translation by E. Gulyaeva = Schoslakowitsch.
Sein Leben, sein Werk, seine Zeit.
- St. Petersburg: Composer, 1997.
- 559 p.
— ISBN 5-7379-0043-6.
Milovidova, N. S. Composers in the history of musical culture of the Samara Region: textbook.
manual / N. S. Milovidova;
Ministry of Culture of the Russian Federation, FGBOU VPO "SGAKI".
- Samara: Samar.
state.
akad.
culture and Arts, 2014.
- p. 58-72 — - 278 p — - 500 copies.
- ISBN 978-5-88293-323-3 Mikheeva L. V.
The Life of Dmitry Shostakovich.
- Moscow: Terra, 1997.
- 368 p.
— ISBN 5-300-00996-2.
Petrov, V. O. Shostakovich's creativity against the background of the historical realities of the XX century.
- Astrakhan: Publishing house of the OGOU DPO AIPKP, 2007 — - 188 p. Sabinina M. Shostakovich the symphonist: Dramaturgy, aesthetics, style.
- Moscow: Muzyka, 1976.
Khentova S. M. Shostakovich.
Life and creativity.
- L.: Soviet composer, 1985.
- Vol. 1 — - 616 p. Khentova S. M. Shostakovich.
Life and creativity.
- L.: Soviet Composer, 1986 .
- Vol. 2 — - 668 p. Khentova S. M.
In the World of Shostakovich: Conversations with Shostakovich.
Conversations about the composer.
- M.: Composer, 1996.
D. D. Shostakovich: A photographic and bibliographic reference book / Comp.
E. L. Sadovnikov.
2nd ed., add.
and expanded -M.: Music, 1965.
D. Shostakovich: Articles and materials / Comp.
and ed .
G. Schneerson.
- M.: Soviet Composer, 1976.
D. D. Shostakovich: A collection of articles for the 90th anniversary of his birth / Comp.
L. Kovnatskaya.
- St. Petersburg: Composer, 1996.
Shostakovich at the Leningrad Conservatory: 1919-1930.
St. Petersburg: Composer St. Petersburg, 2013.
In three volumes.
Dmitri Schostakowitsch und das Jüdische musikalische Erbe = Dmitri Shostakovich and the Jewish heritage in music / Hrsg.
Von Ernst Kuhn…
— Berlin: Kuhn, 2001. (Schostakowitsch Studien; Bd. 3)
; (Studia slavica musicologica; Bd. 18) — ISBN 3-928864-75-0.
Links[edit / edit wiki text]
Shostakovich, Dmitry Dmitrievich.
The website "Heroes of the Country".
Dmitry Shostakovich in Wikicitatnik?
Dmitry Shostakovich in Wikitek?
Dmitry Shostakovich on Wikimedia Commons?
The official website of Dmitry Shostakovich — biography, documentary chronicle, photo album, catalog of works, discography, publications, letters, Archive of D. D. Shostakovich.
The official website of the publishing house "Dmitry Shostakovich" — "DSCH") - a catalog of the complete works of D. D. Shostakovich, rental of sheet music materials.
"The certificate".
Memoirs of Dmitry Shostakovich, recorded and edited by Solomon Volkov (reverse translation from English) List of compositions, bibliography, discography Confusion instead of music / / "Pravda", January 28, 1936 Ballet falsehood / / "Pravda", February 6, 1936 Collection of documents and photographs Volkov S. Stalin and Shostakovich: the case of "Lady Macbeth of the Mtsensk district" / / Znamya.
— 2004.
— № 8.
Zakharova O. A. Shostakovich Dmitry Dmitrievich / / Electronic encyclopedia "The World of Shakespeare".
Multimedia[edit / edit wiki text]
Radio message of D. Shostakovich: transmission from the besieged Leningrad on September 16, 1941 (inf.)
Thematic sites
Internet Movie Database · International Music Score Library Project · MusicBrainz
BIBSYS Regulatory Control: x90079361 · BNF: 13892473m · GND: 118642472 · ISNI: 0000 0001 2143 0446 · LCCN: n86868350 · NDL: 00456475 · NKC: jn19990209877 · NTA: 068315848 · SUDOC: 026788136 · VIAF: 89612684
Source — "https://ru.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Шостакович, _ Dmitry Dmitrievich&oldid=75161803"
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