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Biography and work of Michelangelo
Michelangelo Buonarroti (1475-1564) is the third great genius of the Italian Renaissance.
In terms of the scale of his personality, he is approaching Leonardo.
He was a sculptor, painter, architect and poet.
The last thirty years of his work fall on the Late Revival.
During this period, anxiety and anxiety appear in his works, a premonition of future troubles and upheavals.
Among his first creations, the statue "The Swinging Boy" attracts attention, which echoes the "Discobolus" of the ancient sculptor Myron.
In it, the master manages to vividly express the movement and passion of a young being.
Two works — the statue "Bacchus" and the group "Pieta" - created at the end of the XV century, brought Michelangelo wide fame and fame.
In the first one, he was able to convey a state of light intoxication, unstable balance in an amazingly subtle way.
The group "Pieta" depicts the dead body of Christ lying on the knees of the Madonna, mournfully bending over him.
Both figures are merged into a single whole.
The impeccable composition makes them surprisingly truthful and reliable.
Moving away from tradition.
Michelangelo depicts the Madonna as young and beautiful.
The contrast of her youth with the lifeless body of Christ further enhances the tragedy of the situation.
One of the highest achievements of Michelangelo was the statue "David", which he ventured to sculpt from a block of marble that was lying unused and already spoiled.
The sculpture is very high — 5.5 m.
However, this feature remains almost invisible.
Perfect proportions, perfect plastic, rare harmony of forms make it surprisingly natural, light and beautiful.
The statue is filled with inner life, energy and strength.
It is a hymn to human masculinity, beauty, grace and grace.
Among the highest achievements of Michelangelo are also works.
created for the tomb of Pope Julius II — "Moses", "Chained slave", "Dying slave", "Waking slave", "Crouching boy".
The sculptor worked on this tomb with a break for about 40 years, but never brought it to completion.
However, that.
what the sculptor managed to create is considered to be the greatest masterpieces of world art.
According to experts, in these works Michelangelo managed to achieve the highest perfection, the ideal unity and correspondence of the inner meaning and external form.
One of the most significant works of Michelangelo is the Medici Chapel, which he added to the Church of San Lorenzo in Florence and decorated with sculptural tombstones.
The two tombs of Dukes Lorenzo and Giuliano de 'Medici are sarcophagi with sloping lids, on which there are two figures - "Morning" and "Evening"," Day "and"Night".
All the figures look joyless, they express anxiety and a gloomy mood.
Such were the feelings experienced by Michelangelo himself, since his Florence was captured by the Spaniards.
As for the figures of the dukes themselves, Michelangelo did not strive for portrait similarity when depicting them.
He presented them as generalized images of two types of people: the courageous and energetic Giuliano and the melancholic and thoughtful Lorenzo.
Of the last sculptural works of Michelangelo, the group "Position in the Coffin", which the artist intended for his tomb, deserves attention.
Her fate turned out to be tragic: Michelangelo broke her.
However, it was restored by one of his students.
In addition to sculptures, Michelangelo created beautiful works of painting.
The most significant of them are the paintings of the Sistine Chapel in the Vatican.
He started on them twice.
First, by order of Pope Julius II, he painted the ceiling of the Sistine Chapel, spending four years (1508-1512) and doing a fantastically difficult and huge job.
He had to cover more than 600 square meters with frescoes.
On the huge surfaces of the ceiling, Michelangelo depicted Old Testament subjects from the Creation of the world to the Flood, as well as scenes from everyday life — a mother playing with children, an old man immersed in deep thought, a young man reading, etc.
For the second time (1535-1541), Michelangelo created the fresco "The Last Judgment", placing it on the altar wall of the Sistine Chapel.
In the center of the composition, in a light halo, there is a figure of Christ, who raised his right hand in a threatening gesture.
There are many naked human figures around it.
Everything depicted on the canvas is brought into a circular motion, which begins at the bottom.
the spruce side, where the dead are depicted rising from the graves.
Above them are the upward looking souls, and above them are the righteous.
The topmost part of the fresco is occupied by angels.
In the lower part of the right side there is a rook with Charon, which drives sinners to hell.
The biblical meaning of the Last Judgment is expressed vividly and impressively.
In the last years of his life, Michelangelo was engaged in architecture.
He completes the construction of St. Peter's Cathedral, making changes to the original project of Bramante.
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