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The water cycle in nature.
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Mineral exchange.
Mineral metabolism is a set of processes of absorption, assimilation, transformation and excretion of substances that are in the body mainly in the form of inorganic (mineral) compounds.
All the most important physical and chemical processes in the body occur with the participation of mineral substances.
When animals are completely deprived of mineral substances, i.e. with mineral starvation, despite the intake of all nutrients and water into the body, there is a loss of appetite, refusal to eat, emaciation and death.
The need for a constant supply of minerals is explained by the fact that the body constantly loses a certain amount of them with urine, sweat and feces.
In relatively large quantities, the body contains macronutrients: calcium, phosphorus, potassium, sulfur, sodium, chlorine and relatively small magnesium, iodine.
In minimal amounts of trace elements: iron, copper, manganese, bromine, zinc, aluminum, etc.
All known chemical elements and their isotopes are present in the body of animals.
The lack of certain mineral substances causes a violation of physiological processes, which leads to a delay in the growth and development of young animals, a decrease in productivity, the occurrence of various diseases (rickets, osteomalacia, osteoporosis, dryness, etc.).
Often these diseases end in the death of animals.
The water cycle in nature is the continuous movement of water from the hydrosphere and from the Earth's surface to the atmosphere and back.
The movement is provided by four processes: evaporation, condensation, precipitation and water runoff.
The precipitation partially evaporates and condenses again, partially replenishes reservoirs (or creates new ones), and partially goes underground, forming groundwater.
There is a Large water cycle in nature and two more small ones – oceanic and continental.
The large water cycle in nature is otherwise called the World cycle.
Precipitation is collected over the ocean, the winds carry it to the continents, where it falls out and returns to the ocean with the runoff.
This is how nature turns salt water into fresh water.
The small oceanic cycle occurs over the ocean – it consists in the continuous evaporation of water, condensation, the formation of precipitation and their precipitation back into the ocean.
The continental water cycle occurs in the same way, only above the land surface.
By the way, the ocean loses more water during the cycle than it receives with precipitation.
And on land, the situation is reversed – much more water falls out than evaporates.
All the water that has ever fallen on land in the form of precipitation will sooner or later return to the ocean.
As you know, our Land is three quarters covered with water.
And most of this water is salty.
There are three aggregate states in which water can be: liquid, solid and gaseous.
The speed of its movement, and, consequently, the time after which the water cycle takes place in nature, depends on which state the water is in.
The steam is quickly transported by the wind, condenses and falls out as precipitation.
The water, in order to make this path, must first evaporate.
And the ice can also melt.
Therefore, the water cycle in nature in different places occurs at different speeds.
The fastest water is renewed inside living organisms.
To restore the supply of clean water inside yourself, a person will need only a few hours.
The liver and kidneys quickly cope with this task.
Therefore, we can say that the fastest water cycle in nature occurs inside its walking, flying and floating components.
But the glaciers of the polar countries are completely updated only once in 9700 years.
The water contained in the soil is purified every year, and that in the clouds once every eight days.
The mountain glacier will completely update its composition in 1600 years.
The entire world ocean can be completely cleaned up in 2700 years.
This is a very long time.
Therefore, it should be understood that the more we pollute the water with industrial effluents, the sooner we risk facing a total shortage of clean fresh water.
The water cycle in nature itself cannot cope with the rate of pollution of the planet.
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Date added: 2015-04-24; Views: 276; Copyright infringement?;
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