Prince Maximilian of Saxony (Maximilian Maria Joseph Anton Johann Baptist Johann Evangelista Ignaz Augustin Xavier Aloys Johann Nepomuk Januar Hermenegild Agnellis Paschalis; Dresden, 13 April 1759 – Dresden, 3 January 1838) was a German prince and a member of the House of Wettin.
He was the sixth but third and youngest surviving son of Frederick Christian, Elector of Saxony, and the composer Duchess Maria Antonia Walpurgis of Bavaria.
Life
Since he was the youngest son of the family, Maximilian initially had little chance to inherit the Electorate of Saxony.
However, by 1800, Maximilian was the third in line to the Electorate, because all the children of his two older brothers, Frederick Augustus and Anthony, died in infancy, except Maria Augusta, Frederick Augustus's only surviving offspring.
After the creation of the Kingdom of Saxony in 1806, Maximilian became a Prince of Saxony.
After the death of Frederick Augustus in 1827, Anthony succeeded him as King.
Maximilian became first in line to the Saxon throne as Hereditary Prince (German: Thronfolger).
However, three years later, on 1 September 1830, during the Autumn Disturbances, he renounced his rights of succession in favour of his eldest son, Frederick Augustus.
He died eight years later, aged seventy-eight.
Marriages and issue
In Parma on 22 April 1792 (by proxy) and again in Dresden on 9 May 1792 (in person), Maximilian married firstly, with the Princess Maria Carolina of Bourbon-Parma (Maria Carolina Teresa Giuseppa), eldest child of Ferdinand, Duke of Parma and Archduchess Marie Amalie of Austria, a sister-in-law of his uncle Albert, Prince of Saxony and Duke of Teschen.
Maxilimian and Carolina had eight children:
Maria Amalia (Dresden, 10 August 1794 - Pillnitz, 18 September 1870), known as Amalie.
Maria Ferdinanda (Dresden, 27 April 1796 - Schloss Brandeis, Bohemia, 3 January 1865), known as Maria; married on 6 May 1821 to Ferdinand III, Grand Duke of Tuscany (father-in-law of her younger sister).
Frederick Augustus II (Dresden, 18 May 1797 - Brennbüchel, 9 August 1854), King of Saxony (1836).
Clemens Maria Joseph (Dresden, 1 May 1798 - Pisa, 4 January 1822), known as Clemens.
Maria Anna (Dresden, 15 November 1799 - Pisa, 24 March 1832), known as Anna; married on 16 November 1817 to Leopold II, Grand Duke of Tuscany.
Johann I (Dresden, 12 December 1801 - Pillnitz, 29 October 1873), King of Saxony (1854).
Maria Charlotte (Dresden, 8 May 1802 - Dresden, 20 April 1804), known as Charlotte, died in infancy of smallpox.
Maria Josepha Amalia (Dresden, 6 December 1803 - Aranjuez, 17 May 1829), known as Josepha; married on 20 October 1819 to King Ferdinand VII of Spain.
In Lucca on 15 October 1825 (by proxy) and again in Dresden on 7 November 1825 (in person), Maximilian married Princess Maria Luisa of Bourbon-Parma (Maria Luisa Carlotta), daughter of King Louis of Etruria and niece of his first wife, Carolina.
She was forty-three years younger than her husband.
They had no children.
Honours
: Knight of the Order of the White Eagle, 1762Kawalerowie i statuty Orderu Orła Białego 1705-2008 (2008).
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Knight of the Order of the Golden Fleece, 16 March 1792
Grand Cross of the Order of Charles III, 10 December 1824
French Empire: Grand Eagle of the Legion of Honour, 1807/08
:
Knight of the Order of the Rue Crown, 1807
Grand Cross of the Civil Merit Order, 1815
: Knight of the Order of St. Hubert, 1808
Kingdom of Portugal: Grand Cross of the Sash of the Two Orders (Christ and St. James), 1825
: Grand Cross of the Order of St. Ferdinand and Merit
Grand Duchy of Tuscany: Grand Cross of the Order of St. Joseph
Ancestry
References
